This poem was written by the author in his later years. Although it was written in my spare time, it also revealed some loneliness. Its original text is as follows:
My retreat in Zhongnanshan
Wang Wei
Middle age is quite good (Hao), so I came to live at the foot of this mountain.
Interest concentration is often unique to play and have a happy thing to enjoy self-appreciation.
Sometimes go to the end of the water to seek the source, or sit and watch the ever-changing clouds rise.
Occasionally I met a village elder in the Woods, and I chatted with him until I often forgot to go home.
Look at the answer:
1, what is the most concise and vivid word in the three or four sentences of this poem? Please make a brief analysis with poetry.
A: The two most refined and vivid words are "independence" and "emptiness". The poet swam to Nanshan alone, just doing what he liked; You don't need to share the beauty of the mountain with others, you just need to be interested in yourself. These two sentences express the poet's leisure after retirement. Or: the two most refined and vivid words are "independence" and "emptiness" respectively. When the poet's interest comes, he can only swim the mountain alone; Even if there are beautiful mountains, only one person can enjoy them. I want to bear the loneliness that comes with it in the emptiness that leaves dust.
My retreat in Zhongnanshan;
After middle age, I have a strong heart for doing good.
It was not until his later years that he settled on the border of Zhong Nanshan.
When I am interested, I often go to play alone.
There are happy things, self-appreciation and narcissism.
Sometimes go to the end of the water to find the source,
Sometimes sit and watch the rising clouds change.
I happened to meet an old country man in the forest.
I often forget to go home when talking and laughing with him.
Explanation of words:
1 middle age: middle age.
② Tao: This refers to Buddhism.
3: settle down.
④ Nanshan: Zhong Nanshan.
⑤ chuí: edge, side and edge; Nanshan Yellow refers to the location of Wangchuan Villa, which means the foot of Zhong Nanshan Mountain.
6 victory: a good thing.
⑦ value: met.
⑧ (u ǐ u): Old man.
Pet-name ruby no return period: there is no exact return time.
Background:
In his later years, Wang Wei's position was not small. In fact, due to the repeated changes in the political situation, he has seen the danger of his career and wants to get rid of this disturbing world. He fasted and worshipped Buddha, carefree. After about forty years old, he began to live a secluded life. This poem describes the kind of leisure that enjoys itself.
Appreciation of my retreat in Zhongnanshan;
The focus of the whole poem is to express the yearning for leisure and fun. The first two sentences point out the poet's life destination and ideological conversion in seclusion and worship of Buddhism from two aspects: "it is good for people to reach middle age" and "staying in Nanshan late". "Tao" refers to Buddhism. "My middle-aged heart has found its way", and the author emphasizes that after middle age, I hate secularism and believe in Buddhism. The word "po" points out his pious attitude of worshipping Buddha. The word "late" has rich meanings, which can mean both "late" and "old". If it is the former, "and I came to live at the foot of this mountain" is a description of the reality of seclusion; If it's the latter, that's my idea of the evening scene.
Life in the mountains is extremely comfortable. When my interest comes, I often wander alone in the mountains, and only the poet himself can get the news. "Every" means that "going alone" is frequent, not accidental. "Independence" is not a person without homology. In fact, when the poet lived in seclusion, many people with the same tune sang with him, such as Zhang Luan and Pei Di. Here, as soon as the poet is interested, he can't wait to invite people to go with him, and a free and easy hermit image is presented to the readers. Literally, it is vaguely lonely, but who can say that this kind of affection is not a happy thing? The word "the mountains are mine" and "emptiness" may be somewhat helpless and lonely, but the poet is intoxicated with this mountain interest.
"I will keep walking until the water blocks my way, and then sit down and watch the rising clouds" means "victory". Wandering in the mountains, unconsciously, it has reached the end of the stream, and there seems to be no way out, but the poet feels that his horizons are broadened, so he simply sits down and looks at the clouds in the sky. Everything is so natural, and the flowing water and white clouds in the mountains have aroused the author's endless interest, which shows that he is carefree. Shen Deqian, a man of A Qing Dynasty, praised: "Doing nothing is a machine." ("Three Hundred Tang Poems") "Water stops me" allows readers to appreciate the magnanimity of "doing what should be done"; "Then sit and watch the clouds rising in Ran Ran", while enjoying the most leisurely state, you can also appreciate the endless excitement of beautiful scenery! Clouds are invisible, erratic and changeable, thus giving people the impression of being careless, comfortable and doing nothing. There is a poem by Tao Qian, "Clouds come out of a hole unintentionally" (back to Xi). In the eyes of Buddhists, clouds symbolize "impermanence" and "restless heart". Therefore, "then sit and watch Yun Qi" also includes the Zen machine of "having no place to live, but having a heart". In short, it is "empty". If people can get rid of persistence and be as careless as a cloud, they can get rid of troubles, get rid of troubles and get comfortable. The poet had an epiphany when he sat down and looked at them. Look at the flowing water and white clouds, which are indistinguishable, and have reached the realm of unity of things and me. From the structural point of view, the phrase "I will go to the water to stop my path, and then sit and watch Yun Qi" is steady and consistent, while from the artistic point of view, it is like a landscape painting, which is "painting in poetry".
The author of the conclusion happened to meet Chaucer in the mountains, so he talked and laughed freely with him, so that he forgot the time. The poet's simple and natural style, detached from the outside world, blends with the freedom of enjoying the landscape alone, making the whole poem form a complete artistic conception. The word "accident" runs through the whole story without a trace. In fact, isn't it an "unintentional mistake", such as "I will go to the water to stop my path, and then sit and watch Yun Qi"? But when the poet came here, he pointed out the word "accident" with "emphasizing forest", which shows his superb artistic means. Because there are "accidents" everywhere, it shows the leisure in my heart. "Laughing and laughing are gone forever" has a natural conclusion, but it hides a philosophy. Because the poet realizes that things are forgotten, things are integrated, and he forgets the impermanence of the secular, this is the real "empty" realm.
This poem does not depict the specific scenery of mountains and rivers, but focuses on expressing the carefree mood of the poet when he lives in seclusion in the mountains. The first six sentences of the poem are natural and quiet, and the poet's image is like an out-of-touch master. He doesn't care about the world and regards mountains as heaven. You can enjoy the beauty of nature anytime and anywhere without deliberately exploring secluded places. The last two sentences introduce people's activities, bring life breath, and the poet's image is more amiable.
Posterity evaluation:
1, Wei Qingzhi: "This poem is so ingenious that it blends with creation. How can there be a picture in the poem? " You can see from his poems that everything floats on the surface in the dust of cicada slough. The old man in the valley said,' When I climb a mountain near the water next year, I will not forget to read Wang Mo's poems. Knowing this old box, I must have an inexhaustible disease of water. ”"
2. Liu Chenweng: "The realm of silence, the unspeakable taste, is easy for those who don't know, and its quality is so difficult."
About the author:
Wang Wei (70 1-76 1, 699-76 1), Han nationality, was born in Zhou Pu (now Yuncheng, Shanxi) on the east side of the Tang Dynasty, and his ancestral home was Qixian, Shanxi. He is a famous poet and painter in Tang Dynasty. His name is MoMurray. There are more than 400 poems, including Acacia and Autumn Night in the Mountain. Wang Wei, a Zen master, studied Taoism and was proficient in poetry, books, painting and music. Together with Meng Haoran, they are called "Wang Meng".
Su Shi commented: "Poetry is full of paintings; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. "