It must be a visual shock to watch the female images expressed in paintings, sculptures, pottery figurines and other works of art in the Tang Dynasty. It must be "rich and beautiful, gentle and lovely". Being rich and beautiful means being plump, fat, rich and bright; A warm posture is a naked, confident and unassuming expression posture. It gives people the strongest visual impact, the most infectious, and the most unforgettable image is the fat beauty image with thousands of gestures, bold costumes and optimism in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Why did people in the Tang Dynasty advocate obesity? There are many versions of the explanation. The main point is that the Tang Dynasty was prosperous and well-fed, just like the poet Du Fu wrote, "The rice is fat and the grain is white, and the public and private granaries are rich." People have the conditions to eat and wear warm clothes and keep healthy and plump bodies. Secondly, the Tang Dynasty was open and tolerant. Strong national strength and developed civilization have made the Tang people confident and become a highly open country. According to incomplete statistics, there were more than 130 countries related to the Tang Dynasty at that time. Influenced and blended by different cultures, Tang people are not limited to tradition, but have a broad vision and enthusiasm. The lineage of the rulers also determined that the Tang people were closer to a strong body. The grandfather of Li Yuan, the founding emperor of the Tang Dynasty, was big noble Dugu. He hoped to be born in Xianbei. In other words, at least half of Li Tang's royal blood is Xianbei people, and the nomadic life of Xianbei people creates and needs a wild and strong body. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand that several generations of emperors in the Tang Dynasty loved fat women.
The prosperous Tang Dynasty reached a peak of agricultural society, showing the prosperity under the new economy. Everything is full of positive spirit and consciousness. The empire expanded its territory and in all directions. . . . People also stretch their bodies outward. . . Wide and fat. . . O(∩_∩)o ... Haha! This is the aesthetic standard in their historical limitations. Of course, we won't find the serious consequences of obesity, which is also related to their eating green food, right?
This is different from the implicit and restrained aesthetics of my fair lady in Han Dynasty and most ancient times, and formed an "alternative" aesthetic vision in Tang Dynasty. And this kind of "otherness" and charm contrary to the traditional plump beauty are not only inferior to the traditional slimness and skinny feeling, but also more vital and energetic. In fact, after a little analysis, we will find that the "alternative" aesthetics of the Tang people is an inevitable feature of that heyday.
Through the unique aesthetic vision of the Tang people, it is not difficult to see that the "rich and beautiful, warm posture" advocated at that time was not simply the obese body of women, but bare clothes. It can be said that this aesthetic orientation is an all-round aesthetic concept, which embodies a strong, open and compatible cultural vision. People in the Tang Dynasty loved peonies, and their flowers were noble and plump. Everything in the image of the steed created by the Tang people is round hips. Yan calligraphy, which had the greatest influence in the Tang Dynasty, was fat, solemn and vigorous. There is a poem by Han Yu: "Books are expensive and hard, but I don't take them", which also reflects the change of Tang people's value orientation from thin and hard to fat.
If we look farther, we will find that Chang 'an, Tang Dou was the largest capital city in the world at that time, with the widest roads and the most magnificent palaces. At that time, China was the center of the world's yearning. All these reflect the vigor and high self-confidence of a nation in a highly mature and dynamic stage, which makes the Tang people admire and indulge in an open charm, strength and beauty, and this beauty conveys to us a breath of the times-warm posture, pioneering spirit and positive progress.
In the Song Dynasty, the concept of fatness and aestheticism was completely reversed. Of course, the Song Dynasty is also a peak of agricultural society, but this peak is the peak of returning to life and full of decadence. Everything looks terrible. Even the words of the supreme ruler-the emperor-are "thin and golden", so what can I say? . . . Without the repeated tossing, harassment and national subjugation of Liao, Jin and Mongolia. Capitalism should be born in China. Poor history is history, and everything depends on days.
Fashion edition
The stable social environment brings people a broad mind and a fat body, and the development of agricultural society does not produce fierce competition. A rich life like a paradise. Let people feel released, and then release. Aesthetic taste is also released and then released. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, "Zandai" was a release of inner spirit.
The costumes of the Tang Dynasty boldly pursued beauty, and their gorgeous colors, heavy decorations and the openness of women's costumes were not found in previous dynasties. Even modern people are amazed and far behind. Zhou Shi's poem: "I am used to wearing a skirt with a half-exposed chest" seems to describe this kind of dress, which is the boldest in ancient China, showing the openness of the Tang people.
In the Tang Dynasty, women's plump figure is the beauty, with towering bun and fluttering satin, which is gorgeous and generous, fully embodying the "prosperous weather of Tang Dynasty" in female beauty. Their clothes are the boldest and sexiest among women in China. This point can be confirmed in the famous painting of the Tang Dynasty, The Picture of Zanhua Ladies. The woman in the painting has fluffy clouds, huge broken flowers, hairpins, a thin tulle coat and tulle-painted silk. Her underwear was half exposed, with a lot of dizzy flowers on her head and bare arms. This sexy dress is unprecedented in ancient China.
There was a fashion trend in the Tang Dynasty, and pomegranate skirt was the most popular for the longest time. It can be seen that in the "Yanjing May Song", "Pomegranate flowers are burning all over the street, and branches are falling, and thousands of households can't buy them, leaving their children in red skirts." Princess Anle's bird skirt is a masterpiece in the history of China's weaving and embroidery, but the official women will copy it, causing the birds and animals in Shanlinqi to sweep the floor, which fully showed the appeal of fashion at that time. Here, like other countries in the world, fashion is spreading from top to bottom. Clothing style is inseparable from reality. The Tang Dynasty, with its prosperous economy, developed handicrafts, frequent foreign exchanges, learning from others and numerous countries, was called "Paris" in ancient China. All these support the popularity of fashion elements.
With bold, open and gorgeous clothes, a plump figure is the best choice. The Tang Dynasty was the center of the world at that time. Have their own right to speak. Unlike everything in Europe and America now, other people's models pay attention to bone feeling, and our models don't eat it. . . The influence of the Tang Dynasty not only affected Japan. . . An interesting saying: women regard fatness as beauty, while men regard fatness as respect. This culture is also recognized by the West, and the British and Americans directly call women "women". This is also called the legacy of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Wild edition
The Li Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty was acquired immediately, relying on force. It is also a powerful force and a martial spirit. Proud of the world, many nationalities bow down. The good integration of all ethnic groups and the characteristics of the mode of production at that time, the wildness in the bones of the Han nationality did not fade. Qin, Cheng Yaojin, Luo Cheng. . . Majestic and robust representative.
This is very different from modern people. Nowadays, many psychological and inspirational books emphasize inner strength and spiritual world richness. In the distant Tang dynasty, the strength of the body must be the first, and then the heart. The army of cold weapons relies on physical strength and must have strong physical strength.
"Fat is beautiful" in Tang Dynasty profoundly reflects the lineage and imprint of Xianbei people in Li Tang period. I didn't understand until I found out Li Tang's Xianbei lineage, and then I suddenly thought of life on the grassland. Even on the grassland now, Mongolians still regard obesity as beauty. Mongolian women recognized as beauties by herders are mostly plump women. Considering that Xianbei and Mongolians are two nomadic peoples related by blood on Mongolian grassland. It is not surprising that Xianbei people's aesthetic standard of "taking fat as beauty" is reflected in Mongolian people. In fact, from ancient times to the present, nomadic people have been fattening livestock as their profession, taking "sheep size" as their beauty, and of course, taking fat as their beauty in national aesthetics.
Although the farming and pastoral society is juxtaposed as an era, nomadic people rely more on the sky to eat and are hungry. When the years are good, there are abundant aquatic plants, people and animals, and social harmony. God does not make beauty, and when he goes out to plunder, the nature of animals is unobstructed. The grain produced by agriculture can be stored, and it can still be safe in bad years.
Going out to fight, the source of troops is the key. Nomads restricted by natural forces valued fertility most at that time. When it comes to sex, nature is related to body shape. Fat women have a thick waist, big breasts, wide pelvis, thick buttocks and deep uterus. Fertility is far stronger than that of thin women. The requirements for men are naturally similar. In modern society, civilization has developed, but the cuteness of primitiveness has declined, and women pay attention to slimness. The number of sperm in men has doubled. . . .
Historically, nomadic people have harassed and plundered the Central Plains. Large-scale continuous use of troops is unsustainable, that is, it is too limited by geography and production methods, and there is a serious shortage of manpower and it is difficult to reserve strategic materials. More profoundly influenced the nomadic people's strategy of governing the country, leading to the collapse of Mongolian rule and forcing them to return to their hometown.