First, most of Shanhaiguan poems in the early Ming Dynasty praised the danger of Guancheng and the magnificence of mountains and rivers. In the early years of Hongzhi, Shuntian Taishoumin's poem "Shanhaiguan" said: "The east is the first pass, and the sea neck is connected with Qingshan. The Great Wall is far away and the moon is cold. " It enthusiastically eulogized the magnificent scenery of Shanhaiguan. "Sending Wang Yuanmei" is the Seven Wonders. "The cold shadow of the Yanshan Mountains falls in the high autumn, and the sea flows in Guan Yu in the north. Baiyun immediately followed the Han envoy, and I don't know where to be sad. " It shows the poet's happy mood and is full of yearning for the scenery of Shanhaiguan.
Second, in the late Ming Dynasty, most of Shanhaiguan's poems were about war. From Qin Long to the early years of Wanli, Qi Jiguang, a patriotic famous soldier, guarded the first line of the Great Wall in Zhen Ji Town for 16 years. He once led troops out of the customs and wrote the poem "Going out of Guan Yu": "All the predecessors were generals (generals, artillery names), and all of them were Rong Yuan (Rong Yuan, artillery names). In the evening, he walked out of Guan Yu and looked at the desert. Huang Hongxian's poem "Shanhaiguan" says: "The Great Wall has fallen the eagle since ancient times, and all rivers return to Beijing. Hai Yin Xiancha came to the Han Dynasty as an emissary, and Guan Yu Qiucao protected Qin Jun. The stars are near the tail of Shuanglong River, and the moon shines on the flat beach. It is said that Liaoyang's flying feathers are urgent, and scholars are eager to grow tassels. "It expresses the author's ambition to kill the enemy and serve the country. Late Ming Dynasty, Shanhaiguan. Sun Chengzong, the military commander of Hebei-Liaoning University, wrote "Dengguan Tower": "There are few poems in Jia, but many horses are strong. The illusion is to look at the sea and the city, and to try to hold the Tianhe River. The frontier fortress people get old first, but the mountain and the moon are helpless. Arrogant words, a sword in the past several times. "It expresses that life is easy to get old and it is arduous and arduous to serve the country.
Thirdly, the poems of Shanhaiguan in the early Qing Dynasty mostly reflect the great changes of the times, the sufferings of people's livelihood and personal experiences, and the words are very painful. Shanhaiguan, a five-character poem written by Gu, a thinker in the early Qing Dynasty, is a nostalgic ancient poem. There are 36 sentences in the whole poem. The first 10 sentence describes the beginning of Shanhaiguan and its dangerous geographical situation. 16 sentence, describing the battle of Ming and Qing dynasties, and the famous soldiers managed the defense of Shanhaiguan; After 10 sentence, write about the sad environment of Shanhaiguan after Wu Sangui welcomed the Qing soldiers into the customs and died in the Ming Dynasty. The style is simple and simple, generous and sad. The poems of Chen Tianzhi and Wang Mo regard Shanhaiguan as an ancient battlefield, expressing their feelings for the peasant army and the Wu (Sangui) allied forces: "There are many battles in the battlefield, but few fireworks" (Chen Tianzhi's Yellow Sand in the Desert Cold Bones, New Ghosts Roar at the Grave) and "The battlefield two years ago, resentment still exists today" (Wang Mo).
You Dong's long poem "Going through the Customs" truly reflects the famine in Gyeonggi in the early Qing Dynasty. The Qing court recruited the poor to immigrate to Liaodong through Shanhaiguan, and the people helped the old and the young, crying and going on the road: "Go out to Liaodong and order 100,000 people to fill in Xinfeng"; "White-headed dragons and bells help the elderly, and beautiful girls hold their children alone"; "The graves of relatives are far apart, and parting is like tears. "
In the early Qing Dynasty, scholars sent to Northeast China had many works to express their feelings. For example, the poem "Stay in Shanhaiguan" written by the poet monk Xin when he was exiled to Shenyang: "The heavy customs are still unfinished, the sea is still dangerous, and the mountains are blank. The hometown book Wan Li is absolutely unique, and the drums are even colder. I dare live in it. Look back carefully. " Poet Wu Zhaoqian exiled Ningguta (now Gu Ning, Heilongjiang).
4. After the middle of Qing Dynasty, there were relatively few poems describing Shanhaiguan, but some of them were related to the times. Xiao Dexuan's Miscellaneous Poems on Shanhaiguan praised the customs and military and political situation of Shanhaiguan on the eve of the Opium War: "The car was crushed and the men and women were pale. I was asked that the poor people worked hard and went out to Shanhaiguan once a year. " "The deputy army led the garrison camp alone and sat at a gate." "Yancheng is noisy at night, and the wind on the island smells like ducks and soldiers." It correctly foresaw that imperialism would carry out armed aggression against China and expressed its deep concern for the country and people.