1, Temujin
Genghis Khan (1162 May 31-1227 August 25) was a member of the beggars' department of Mongolia. Mongolian Khan is an outstanding politician and strategist in the history of the world.
In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1 162), he was born in the upper reaches of Nanhe River in Mobei (now Kent Province of Mongolia), and his name was Temujin. In the eleventh year of Xichun (1 184), it became the beauty-seeking Khan of Mongolia, and gradually unified the various ministries of Mongolia. In the second year of Jubilee (1206), Great Mongolia was established, and Genghis Khan was honored.
Genghis Khan code promulgated. He launched foreign wars many times and conquered the Black Sea coastal areas in Central Asia and Eastern Europe in the west. In the third year of Baoqing (1227), he set out to conquer Xixia, died on the way and was buried in secret.
In October of the second year of Zhiyuan (1265), he was honored as Mao. In October of the 3rd year of Zhiyuan (1266), after the completion of the ancestral temple, Emperor Wu Sheng was posthumously sealed. From Yuan Wuzong to his sophomore year (1309), he pursued the title of "Emperor Wu Sheng from Fatianyun" with the temple name of Taizu.
2. Bai Pu
Bai Pu (1226—— about 1306), whose original name was Heng, whose word was Renfu, was later renamed Park, whose word was Yuan. Han nationality, whose ancestral home is qi zhou (now Hequ, Shanxi Province) and Bianliang (now Kaifeng, Henan Province), lived in Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) in his later years and never became an official.
He was a famous zaju writer in Yuan Dynasty, and he was also called "four masters of Yuan Opera" with Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu. Representative works mainly include Autumn Night Rain, Pei on the Wall, Dong Xiuying on the East Wall, Clear Sand and Autumn, etc.
3. Guo Shoujing
Guo Shoujing (123 1 year-13 16 years) was thoughtful. Xingtai County, xing zhou (now Xingtai City, Hebei Province). Famous astronomer, mathematician and expert in water conservancy engineering in Yuan Dynasty.
In his early years, he studied under Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu, Liu. Yuan Renzong extended his life for three years (13 16), and Guo Shoujing died at the age of 86. He is the author of fourteen kinds of astronomical calendar works, such as "Push Step" and "Licheng".
Guo Shoujing has made outstanding achievements in astronomy, calendar, water conservancy and mathematics. From the 13th year of Zhiyuan (1276), it took four years to revise the new calendar, and a "chronograph calendar" was worked out, which was used for more than 360 years and became the most advanced calendar in the world at that time. In order to revise the calendar, Guo Shoujing also reformed and invented twelve new instruments, such as simple instrument and altimeter.
In the first year of Yuan Dynasty (1264), Guo Shoujing was ordered to repair and dredge the ancient Xixia Canal, set up sluices and weirs, and irrigate local farmland. In the 28th year of Yuan Dynasty (129 1), Guo Shoujing was appointed as the water superintendent of the capital, responsible for repairing the canal from Dadu to Tongzhou. It took a year to complete all the projects, named Tonghui River, and develop north-south transportation and water transportation.
1970, the international astronomical society named a crater on the moon "Guo Shoujing crater" after Guo Shoujing. 1977 In March, the International Asteroid Center named asteroid 20 12 "Guo Shoujing Asteroid".
4. Zhao Mengfu
Zhao Mengfu (f incarnation) (125410120 July-1322 July 30), born in Song Xue Road, Han nationality, also known as Taoist Jing Gong and Goulpeau, worked in Mengfu in middle age. Xing Wu, Zhejiang (now Huzhou, Zhejiang) people. A famous calligrapher, painter and poet at the end of Southern Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, his grandson, a descendant of Qin Wang Zhao.
In the 23rd year of Zhiyuan (1286), Zhao Mengfu was recommended by Cheng Jufu, an imperial envoy of Taiwan, and was respected by Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu. He has served as a bachelor in Jixian County, general manager of Jinan Road, a Confucian scholar in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and a bachelor in Hanlin.
Cheng Zhi, Bachelor of Hanlin, Doctor Rong Lu. In his later years, he gradually retired and then asked for help from his illness. In the second year of Zhi Zhi (1322), Zhao Mengfu died at the age of 69. He was named "Wen Min" by Pingzhang, Zhongshu Province, Jiangsu Province, posthumous title and Wei Guogong, hence the name "Zhao". He is the author of Song Xuezhai's Anthology and so on.
Zhao Mengfu is well-read, good at poetry and prose, familiar with economy, industrial calligraphy, fine painting, good at epigraphy, fluent in temperament and appreciation. Especially in calligraphy and painting. In painting, he created a new painting style in Yuan Dynasty, which was called "the crown of Yuan people".
Zhao Mengfu is also good at seal script, official script, original works, calligraphy and cursive script, especially regular script and running script. His elegant style of calligraphy, neat structure and skillful brushwork created Zhao Ti Shu, which is called "four masters of regular script" with Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan.
5. yellow
Huang (1269- 1354) was born in Changshu County, Jiangsu Province (now Changshu City). A famous painter in Yuan Dynasty, the first of "Yuan Sijia".
According to legend, his real name was Lu Jian, and he was later adopted by Huang in Pingyang County, Yongjia County (now Pingyang County, Wenzhou), calling himself "Ren". Middle-aged officials in Duchayuan, converted to Quanzhen religion, nicknamed the big idiot Taoist. He sells divination in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces for a living.
Be good at painting landscapes, learn from Dong Yuan and Ju Ran, and learn from Li Cheng's method. He got instructions from Zhao Mengfu. His ink paintings are exquisite, simple and profound. On top of ink painting, it is slightly pale and is known as "pale crimson landscape" internationally.
In his later years, he painted with brush strokes, and his charm was boundless. He is also called "Yuan Sijia" with Zhenwu, Ni Zan and Wang Meng. He is good at writing and poetry, and has written "Writing Landscape", which is an article about the experience of landscape painting creation. Existing works include Fuchun Shan Jutu, Snowfall Map in Jiu Feng, Yushu Map in Ya Dan, Stone Wall Map in Tianchi, etc.
Baidu encyclopedia-Huang
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhao Mengfu
Baidu Encyclopedia-Guo Shoujing
Baidu Encyclopedia-Baipu
Baidu encyclopedia-Genghis Khan