Throughout the ages, heroes are not there, but Sun Zhongmou is. Dancing in pavilions, the romantic atmosphere is always blown away by the wind and rain.
Grass trees in the sunset, ordinary alleys, humanitarian slaves once lived in ④. Think that year, Jin Ge iron horse, swallowing Wan Li like a tiger.
Yuanjia, seal the wolf in Xu, take the road and retreat in a panic. Forty-three years, I still remember in hope; Yangzhou Road, Huo Feng.
Looking back, there was a crow club drum under the beaver temple. Who can ask: Lian Po is too old to eat?
To annotate ...
① Jingkou: the name of the ancient city, where Sun Quan of the Three Kingdoms once built the capital, and later moved to Jianye to set up Jingkou Town, so the address is now Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province. Gu Bei Pavilion: A Gu Bei building is located on Gubei Mountain in the north of Zhenjiang, facing the Yangtze River. In the Southern Dynasties, when Liang Wudi Xiao Yan was in power, it was renamed Beiguting.
② Sun Zhongmou: It is the word of Sun Quan, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, and the same word as Zhong Mou, the monarch of the State of Wu in the Three Kingdoms period. For thousands of years, the country remains the same, but there is nothing to find a hero like Sun Quan.
(3) Dance Pavilion: a balcony with songs and dances. Pavilion: A building on a high platform. Romantic: It's used as a performance. These two sentences mean that the prosperity and heroic achievements of that year disappeared with the passage of time.
4 ordinary alleys: ordinary streets. Sending slaves: posthumous title, the founding emperor of the Southern Dynasties. He grew up in an ordinary family and later became the chief general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. With selfishness, he sent troops to the Northern Expedition, destroyed Southern Yan, Houyan and Houqin successively, once recovered Luoyang and Chang 'an, became prime minister and sealed the king, then overthrew the Eastern Jin Dynasty and became emperor on his own. The meaning of these three sentences is that the place where Emperor Wu of Song lived has now become an ordinary street in the sunset grass tree.
⑤ Think of three words of that year: praising the spirit and achievements of Emperor Wu of Song's northern expedition to the Central Plains.
⑥ Yuanjia: son of Emperor Wu of Song, year number, from Song Wendi (242-253). Cao Cao: It means that Liu Yilong was unprepared for the Northern Expedition and rushed to send troops. Seal: an ancient ceremony to build an altar on a mountain to worship heaven. This is the meaning of "Guanshan". Lang Juxu: Shanming, a "Wolf Mountain", is located in the northwest suburb of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, adjacent to Gansu. In the Han Dynasty, Huo Qubing pursued the Huns until the wolves lived in Xu Xu, and heaped earth to close the mountain to commemorate the victory. Later, "sealing the wolf to occupy Xu" was regarded as synonymous with opening up the territory and establishing the meritorious military service. Win: the rest, the rest.
Panicked, Song Wendi looked back at the pursuer. I wrote a poem "Looking at the North and Weeping" to record this failure. He wanted to make a meritorious military service, but he was defeated by Emperor Tuoba Tao in the Northern Wei Dynasty. He looked north at the pursuers and panicked.
⑦ Forty-three years: This word was written in the first year of Kathy (1205). When the author left Beijing, it was forty-three years since the poet Shaoxing returned to the south (1 162). Yangzhou Road: refers to the area around Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province today. Today, 43 years later, I traveled to Yangzhou, and I still remember the fight against the golden bonfire.
⑧ Comparable: On the surface, it means tolerable, but actually it is comparable, that is, how can it be tolerated? Yes, bear with it. Beaver Temple: In 450 10, Tuoba Tao led his troops to counterattack Wang, and Wang's army was defeated and collapsed. The northern Wei army was divided into five roads, and began to go south along the Yellow River to counterattack Liu Song. In early December, the Northern Wei Expeditionary Force arrived at the north bank of the Yangtze River. Tuoba Tao's troops stationed in Guabu Mountain (now southeast of Liuhe, Jiangsu) on the north bank of the Yangtze River built a palace on the mountain, which was later called Beaver Temple White (Beaver is Tuoba Tao's nickname). God crow: a crow that flies to eat sacrifices. Social drum: the drum music that sacrifices to the gods on social days, and the fifth day after the old custom of beginning of spring is the Spring Club; The fifth day after beginning of autumn is the Autumn Festival. These three sentences mean that the local people actually met the god-matching society under the beaver temple. It is a peaceful scene, which is really unbearable. This sentence is using TaBaTao to allude to Yan Hongliang in Guo Xu.
Pet-name ruby Lian Po: During the Warring States Period, a famous soldier of Zhao was good at using troops. In his later years, he was framed and fled to Wei. After Qin attacked Zhao, the prince of Zhao wanted to use Lian Po again, and he was afraid that he was old, so he sent messengers to visit him. Guo Kai, the enemy of Lian Po, bribed the emissary to speak ill of Lian Po when he returned. The messenger returned to Zhao and fabricated that although Lian Po was old and had a big appetite, he took a shit several times in a short time. The prince of Zhao thought Lian Po was useless, so he didn't call him back to Zhao. See Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru. These three sentences mean that the author is in his prime and compares himself to Lian Po, expecting to be reused and serve the country, but who will pay attention to him and care about him?
translate
Great rivers and mountains will always exist, but there is nowhere to find a hero like Sun Quan. At that time, the song stage, bustling scenes and heroic deeds were all blown away by the wind and rain of history and passed by with time. The setting sun shines on the lonely and desolate streets. People say that this used to be the place where slaves lived. Looking back at that time, Emperor Wu of Song led his troops to the Northern Expedition, with sharp weapons, well-equipped and imposing manner, and drove the enemies entrenched in the Central Plains back to the North in one fell swoop.
Emperor Wen of the Southern Song Dynasty (son of Emperor Wu of Song) went on an expedition to the North during the Yuanjia period. He wants to seal the wolf in Xushan again and make contributions. As a result of his hasty engagement, he finally looked back at his pursuers and panicked. Forty-three years later, looking far north, I still remember that there are bonfires everywhere in Yangzhou. It's hard to recall the past. In front of the beaver temple of the late Wei emperor in the occupied area, cigarettes are wrapped around, filled with the sound of chickens and the drums of social days! Who will ask: How is Lian Po's appetite when he is old?
Creation background
During the Southern Song Dynasty, the hawkish forces were always at a disadvantage. Therefore, for a long time, Xin Qiji was idle in the rural areas of Jiangxi and could not be reused. Later, the Prime Minister Han Shuazhou put things into practice and revived Xin Qiji. But this crony prime minister has a purpose, that is, he longs for the Northern Expedition and uses the war faction in order to gain political capital and consolidate his power in North Korea by defeating nomadic people. Xin Qiji, who is proficient in the art of war, knows that war is no joke, so he should know himself and know himself, and fight every battle. After he sent people to the north for reconnaissance, he thought that the fighter plane was immature and advocated not to make a move for the time being. I don't know, but Han Yazhou suspected him and dismissed him as the magistrate of Zhenjiang. Gubei Pavilion is a famous building in Jingkou (Zhenjiang), which is expected to belong to the vast area north of the Yangtze River in Jin State. It is conceivable that Xin Qiji must have climbed the stairs more than once during his stay in Jingkou. When he climbed the stairs, he must have a lot of feelings in his heart, such as sticking his throat and not spitting it out, but spitting it out as a sentence.
Make an appreciative comment
In the first year of Song Ningzong Jubilee (1205), when Xin Qiji was the magistrate of Zhenjiang in Jingkou, he was 65 years old and boarded Gubei Pavilion, lamenting his disappointment that he could not serve the country. He wrote this masterpiece with hope and nostalgia for the past. This word is well chosen, with multiple themes of nostalgia, worrying about the world and expressing meaning. Jiangshan has passed through the ages, and it is impossible to find the hero of that year, and the tone is extraordinary. At first, I felt lyrical. I remembered two famous historical figures, Sun Quan and Liu Yu, from what I saw in front of my eyes to express my yearning for their heroic achievements. Next, it is worrying to satirize that today's servant (Han Biaozhou) is as hasty as Liu Yilong and wants to send troops to the Northern Expedition. Old age is approaching, and the court no longer values itself, so it can't help sighing. Among them, "There is a crow club drum under the beaver temple" is the most painful thing to write about the north.
explain
This is what Xin Qiji did when he was sixty-six years old in the first year (1205) and was the magistrate of Zhenjiang, when he boarded Gubeiting in Jingkou. Facing the splendid rivers and mountains, the poet recalled the past and expressed his anxiety and anger that his ambition was not paid and he was not reused. The whole poem is permeated with patriotism.
I miss Sun Quan and Emperor Wu of Song in Shangque. Sun Quan sat in the southeast to repel the strong enemy; Emperor Ge was an iron horse, who made great achievements, recovered lost ground and annexed Wan Li. Praise for historical figures is also the expectation of the warring factions in the Southern Song Dynasty and the irony and condemnation of courtiers.
Xia Que quoted Liu Yilong from the Southern Dynasties to take risks in the Northern Expedition, but he failed. Instead, it was counterattacked by Tuoba Tao's army in the Northern Wei Dynasty to the north bank of the Yangtze River. Advise Han Biaozhou with historical facts, take history as a mirror, and do not act rashly. Then, with the change of the anti-Jin situation in the past 43 years, it is said that the poet's determination to recover the Central Plains remains unchanged. At the end of the three sentences, he compared himself with Lian Po, expressed the poet's strong desire to serve the country, and lamented that Songshi could not use his talents.
The whole word is heroic and sad, and its righteousness is heavy and affectionate. The use of words and allusions is natural and closely related to the theme, which enhances the persuasiveness and artistic beauty of the works. Yang Shen said in Cipin: "New words should be based on" Ode to Fish Music "in Gubeiting, Jingkou", and the evaluation was pertinent.
Allusions:
Sun Zhongmou-miss the hero and express the ideal of recovering lost ground.
Send slaves-miss the ancients, indicating the determination of the northern expedition.
Beaver Temple-Compared with the past and the present, it is unbearable to look back.
Yuan Jia has no intention, but the wolf lives in Xu-satirizing the present from the past and criticizing and summarizing the whole poem.
Lian Po-spontaneous feelings, do not forget to serve the country.