Book Anger 1 Instructional Design Teaching Purpose:
1, understand the poet's patriotic feelings,
2. Understand the characteristics of the seven laws and the meaning of allusions.
Teaching requirements:
1, recite the full text, improve the appreciation ability of discussion,
2. Understand the characteristics of Lu You's patriotic poems,
Teaching methods:
Read, analyze and compare.
Class is to arrange:
One class.
Teaching steps:
(1) About land travel.
Lu You, whose name is Wuguan, was born in Yuezhou, Yinshan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). When he was in Song Gaozong, he tried the Ministry of Ritual, and his name appeared. He was fired because he angered Qin Gui. When he was filial, he was given a Jinshi background, and the official was Longxing. He also participated in Wang Yan, the shogunate of Fan Chengda, and promoted the construction of Heping Tea Supervisor on Jiangnan West Road. He knows the right thing.
(2) solving problems and reading aloud.
This poem was written in 1 186, when Lu Zhou lived in Yin Shan. In the poem, he pursued strong emotions, which hurt himself by mistake, embarrassed the world, made the villain miss the train and lost the opportunity to restore the Central Plains. At the end, the poet was not depressed, but expressed his admiration for Zhuge Liang in a tone of praise.
Reading aloud (teaching reading, reading together, reciting)
(3) analysis.
1, explain.
Books, writing, anger, resentment, sadness and anger.
2. Ask students to read "Reading Tips"
3. Classification of poetry
(1) A brief table of poetry classification (see projection).
(2) Discuss classification (see projection).
(3) Seven Laws of Common Sense.
Seven laws * * *, eight sentences with seven words each, count 56 words, two, four, six and eight rhymes. One or two sentences are called the first couplet, two or four sentences are called the parallel couplet, five or six sentences are called the neck couplet, and seven or eight sentences are called the tail couplet. The last word in the dialogue is the word Pingsheng. Pay attention to flat and flat.
Q: What is the rhyme of this poem? What are the benefits?
A: The second sentence of each couplet is based on a rhyme, and the rhythm is natural. It is catchy to read, beautiful in music and gives people an artistic feeling of flowing emotions.
② Q: What allusions are used in this article? What's the role?
A: Two allusions were used: to be on the Great Wall and set a good example. The allusion to "Climbing the Great Wall" comes from Southern History. Biography of Tan Daoji. "A good example for a teacher" comes from The History of the Three Kingdoms. Use allusions to make poetry subtle and tortuous.
The appendix expresses the author's admiration for Zhuge Liang. Zhu's lifelong career is to unify the Central Plains by "setting the Central Plains in the north, reviving the Han Dynasty and returning the old capital". Although Shu Han had a small land and a large population, he resolutely went to the Northern Expedition. For the sake of non-neighboring authors, he praised the ancient times as a good soldier to defend his country, but "serving the country and dying without a battlefield". The conclusion reveals the origin of the whole poem's "anger", focusing the criticism of the whole poem on the all-declining school of Nanzong from the beginning, and using the name of "Millennium" to oppose purity, and now it is euphemistic and implicit, and indignation is beyond words.
③ Q: What kind of thoughts and feelings does this poem express?
A: From the hero's early years to his later years, he summed up his life's worries and aspirations, filled with ardent patriotic enthusiasm and grief.
(4) Analysis of Lu You's patriotic poems.
Lu You has made great achievements in his poems, with more than 9,300 existing poems, which he described as "600,000 poems in 60 years". Among them, the most prominent part is the high patriotic poems reflecting ethnic contradictions. These poems are full of ardent patriotic enthusiasm, romantic spirit and strong militancy.
1, reflecting the heroic spirit of "fighting with iron horses" and "swallowing the remnants of Lu" and the spirit of sacrifice of "serving the country and dying";
Wanli Heart In his life, he held the predecessor of Zhou Wang, died in battle, and was ashamed to return his wife; Read the art of war at night
I was always afraid of being buried, but I didn't appoint Feng Yong, "Book Sorrow"
When I hear the drums, I feel passionate, and I can be a Zhao's Biography of the Old Horse.
2. Resolute struggle and sharp satire against the capitulators;
Chu only keeps the pro-policy, and people with lofty ideals give their youth for nothing. Feel angry
Gentlemen can sigh that they are resourceful and misunderstood the country at that time.
Gong Qinggai has a party coconut Zong Ze, but no one uses Yue Fei's Reading Fan Yuneng at Night.
3. Send out the ideal of serving the country by arranging flowers from fantasy or dream.
I cried in the middle of the night and dreamed that I had no right to pavilion Wu Zui's book upstairs.
Listening to the wind and rain at night, Tiema Glacier slept in the "November 4 storm"
(5) assign homework.
1, recite Book Wrath.
2. Write a comment of about 200 words.
Instructional design of Anger 2 I. Introduction:
Looking back at Xiuzi, I know that everything is empty after death, but I am sad to see Kyushu. Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family did not forget to tell Nai Weng about it. "
Almost every poem by Lu You is full of strong patriotic passion. When he wrote the last poem, he still remembered the Northern Expedition and the recovery of lost territory. Let's take a look at his book "Book Wrath".
Secondly, the author introduces:
Lu You (1125—1210) was born in Yin Shan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). China was a famous patriotic poet in ancient times. There are more than 9,000 songs, which are rich in content and mainly show patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity.
When I was a teenager, I made the ambition of "getting on the horse and attacking crazy Hu, dismounting and pulling weeds, and writing a book". He has always insisted on resisting gold, which is taboo for the peace faction. During his tenure, he was repeatedly dismissed from office and lived in his hometown in his later years.
Three. Background introduction:
Lu You lived in the era when the nomads from the Golden Army invaded and the Central Plains fell. At that time, the Southern Song authorities were partial to the south of the Yangtze River and did not think about the Northern Expedition. Lu You advocated resisting gold and violated the interests of the capitulators, so he was repeatedly hit, rejected and dismissed from office.
This famous melody was written in the 13th year of Song Xiaozong (1 186). At this time, Lu You was 6 1 year old and lived in Yinshan for six years. The ambition of "sweeping Chen Hu" and "pacifying the country's difficulties" is about to fail, and only when he becomes a doctor can he have the right to know Yanzhou's military affairs. Therefore, the content of the poem has the dual feelings of remembering the past and vowing to serve the country again.
Fourth, solve the problem:
Book: writing; Anger: resentment, sadness and indignation.
Book anger: write out your anger and dissatisfaction.
V. Reading:
1, listen. (Multimedia)
2. Students can read freely.
The whole class shouted in unison.
Sixth, poetry appreciation:
1, students understand sentence by sentence, and the teacher summarizes.
(1) The first link: recalling the past has shaped the poet's early self-image. At that time, he was full of patriotic enthusiasm, but he did not understand the hardships of the world. He looked at the Central Plains, which was occupied by the Jin people in the north, and there was a mountain of resentment in his chest. This is an implicit way of writing that he wants to recover lost ground. "Things are hard" implies that the capitulators have taken control of state affairs, laying the groundwork for the "empty check" behind them. In terms of composition, the word "anger" in the poem title is pointed out.
⑵ Couplets: concretizing the poet's ambition to revive. Guazhoudu repelled the nomads from invading, and the Great Three Passes were recovered, which showed that the people in the Southern Song Dynasty had the strength to defend their homeland. The poet vividly summed up these two successful battles with "the night snow in the building" and "the iron horse autumn wind", which shows that he really wants to devote himself to such battles.
Question: "Snow on the night boat, autumn wind on the iron horse" is not only a narrative, but also a landscape. Can you tell its scenic features? Can you name another poem that uses this technique?
Clarity: Sketching, combining six nouns, outlines two magnificent war scenes, and concretizes the poet's ambition of recovering from the motherland.
Ex.: An old tree with withered vines cries faintly, and a small bridge flows people.
The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
⑶ Bow tie: Say now, and express the feeling that the years have passed and the ambition is not paid. The Great Wall highlights the poet's ambition. "Empty promises" and "things are difficult" are angry accusations against capitulationists.
(4) Tail couplet: The poet takes Zhuge Liang as his own situation. Zhuge Liang once said in "A Teacher's Watch" that "I will do my best until I die", which encouraged the poet to show that he would never give up his ambition to return to the Central Plains until he died.
2. The book of indignation:
The first joint book: the ambition of returning to the Central Plains in the early years
Zhuan Xu Lianshu: Victory of Two Anti-Gold Wars
Necklace book: old, unfulfilled ambitions.
Tail couplet: Mu Zhuge's desire to make contributions.
3. How to understand the "anger" of "book anger"? What feelings does it contain?
Clear: there is expectation in sadness. In fact, learning from Zhuge Liang is the poet's own situation. The poet encouraged himself by saying that he would never give up his ambition to restore the Central Plains until his death. It can be seen that although the tone of book anger is brought about by unpaid ambition, it is not desperate, but it also contains heroic feelings.
In order to express the poet's grief and indignation, contrast is used in many places in poetry. Try to analyze it?
Clarity: This poem is successful and expressive in the use of contrast techniques, such as: the past feat and today's decline, the ideal of "being on the Great Wall" and the reality of "how difficult things are", and the contrast between Zhuge Liang's initiative and the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Seven, the whole class recited.
Eight. Summary:
Serving the country wholeheartedly is not only a person's experience, but also a microcosm of the country's destiny. Patriotism is an eternal theme in China's ancient poems. There is a saying that "the country is unfortunate and the poet is lucky". Whenever the country is in danger, this theme will always shine in the poetry circle. Lu You inherited this tradition and developed it to an unparalleled height. The theme of patriotism not only runs through his poems, but also melts into his life and becomes the soul of Lu You's poems.
Nine, homework:
1. Comparison: Shu Fen and Gordon, Shu Fen and Shu Xiang.
2. Collect the materials of ancient and modern poets who are concerned about the country and the people, and write a commentary of about 500 words.
Teaching Design of Anger Chapter III Teaching Purpose:
1. Understand the grief and indignation of patriots such as Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty. They are too ambitious to be rewarded, too old, eager to serve the country, and have no way to ask for help;
2. Observing the poems with similar themes in the whole Southern Song Dynasty with the poem "Shu Nu";
3. Learn the poetry appreciation method of knowing people and discussing the world.
Teaching focus:
1, the understanding of the theme of Anger and the application of expression techniques;
2. The guidance of poetry appreciation methods that know people and discuss the world and are interrelated.
Teaching hours count as one class hour.
teaching process
First, the introduction of the text
1, Introduction to Land Tour
Lu You, the concept of word service, and the number release Weng, was an outstanding patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Influenced by his family, he studied sword since he was a child, and he was angry and served the country. Throughout his life, he took resisting gold and serving the country as his ambition and showed a high degree of patriotic enthusiasm. Poetry and prose are all created, among which poetry has the highest achievement. There are more than 9300 existing poems, which are the oldest poets.
2. Import text
Guide students to recall Lu You's poems, among which Hairpin Phoenix and Shower can best reflect Lu You's life experience. Lu You has two unsolved complex in his life. One is the love tragedy between him and his cousin Tang Wan in Hairpin Phoenix. They fell in love, but were separated by their mother, which became an unforgettable pain for Lu You. Until the age of seventy-five, Tang Wan passed away for more than forty years, and he revisited Shen Yuan, still writing the affectionate poem "The spring waves under the sad bridge were green, which was once a stunning photo". Second, the "North Central Plains" written in "Xiuzi" made him dream all his life and even die unsatisfied. Throughout his life, his ambition can't be realized, and the feelings in his heart are the best testimony.
3. Read the text aloud
Students try to read and the teacher instructs them to read aloud.
The word "Na" in "Knowing the World Difficult in Early Years" is stressed, and "Na" is stressed. The word "mountain" in "The Central Plains looks like a mountain in the north" reads in a rising tone, which shows the majestic trend of the mountain. "It snowed in the boat at night and the autumn wind dispersed." The speech speed is slightly faster and the tone is passionate, which shows that it is magnificent. In the sentence "Empty beyond the Great Wall, the temples in the mirror have been lit first", "empty" should be stressed and "lit first" should be pronounced in a falling tone. The whole sentence has a low tone, which shows its depression. The words "real name" and "who is flat" in "A teacher reveals his real name, who is flat in a thousand years" are stressed and dropped.
Reading aloud by teachers, rereading by students and reading aloud are important parts of poetry appreciation, which can not be ignored.
Second, understand the content of the text.
1, with the help of the text words on the material, students learn by themselves. Let students read the text and understand the words. Students questioned.
2. Understanding of "Qishan": According to the data notes, "Qishan" means "looking at the great rivers and mountains occupied by nomadic people in the north, my heart is full of depression and anger". Do you agree with the statement that anger is accumulating?
Discussion: The understanding of "anger piling up like a mountain" is only the understanding of this single sentence, and "looking at the great rivers and mountains occupied by nomadic people in the north", so "anger piling up like a mountain in my heart" seems to make sense in isolation. However, it is meaningless to connect with the next sentence. Thanks for understanding "How do you know that things are difficult when you are young?" That is to say, you are young and young, and you don't know that it is so difficult to recover the Central Plains. Therefore, the poet looks to the Central Plains in the north, and has great ambition to resist gold and save the country and recover the Central Plains. From the following sentence, I learned that "Guazhou spent a night in the snow, and the iron horse scattered the autumn wind" was written about two inspiring wars in which Song Jun fought against the nomads from Guazhou in his early years and Song Jun defeated the nomads from afar, regained lost ground and won a great victory. The author also went to these two places to explore the terrain and spy on the enemy, so the last two sentences are the concrete embodiment of "Qi Mountain", serving the country and serving the country. The poet's ambition to serve the country is lofty, firm and unshakable. 、
There is something strange about couplets, "snow at night, crossing Guazhou River, crossing autumn wind with iron horses". This couplet is composed of six nouns without verbs and function words. By using montage, it forms a picture of an upright and powerful military capacity, with flying images and great momentum. This expression was extremely rare before him, but it became more common after him. For example, Ma Zhiyuan's Tian Jing Sha in the Yuan Dynasty: "Old crows with withered vines, flowing water on small bridges, thin horses on ancient roads ..." It is also composed of several nouns rather than function words.
Third, the discussion of problems in poetry.
1. The title of this poem is Book Fury. As far as the whole poem is concerned, what is the source of the author's anger?
Discussion:
One of my anger is "things are difficult." Difficult, difficult also. How difficult is it to "secular things", that is, to resist gold and save the country and recover lost land? Just cite the experience of Yue Fei, a contemporary anti-gold hero. The anti-Jin generals were determined to "hunger for the flesh of Land Rover and talk about the blood of Xiongnu" and "prepare to clean up the old mountains and rivers from the beginning and face the sky", killing the nomads from afar and lamenting that "it is easy to shake the mountains, but it is difficult to shake the Yuegujun", but it is precisely because of this that they were falsely labeled as "unwarranted" by the traitors Qin Gui and other national scum. Serving the country is not only futile, but also guilty, even to death, it seems difficult to go to heaven.
The second kind of anger is the "empty self-commitment" of "a blessing in disguise". The so-called "plugging into the Great Wall" means that when you are young, you look forward to yourself in the name of defending the motherland and carrying forward the frontier, thinking that you can resist hordes like the Great Wall of Wan Li. However, as far as the poet's experience is concerned, he took the Jinshi exam when he was young, which is because he was famous before Qin Gui's grandson Qin Gui. After he became an official, he was dismissed many times for opposing gold. It can be said that his ambition is hard to pay and there is no way to volunteer. The word "empty" is extremely painful.
The third thing I am angry about is that "the decline in the mirror was discovered first." In my early years, I boasted that I had "climbed the Great Wall". Now my temples are gray, the mountains and rivers of the motherland are still broken and the people are still suffering. However, I am wasting my time, and my ambition is hard to stretch. Using the word "already" is sadness.
The fourth anger is "who is better than in a thousand years." Zhuge Liang took the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains, the restoration of the Han Dynasty and the unification of China as his lifelong career. He wrote in the "Teacher's Watch": "The three armed forces should be rewarded, and the Chinese army was originally scheduled to be north, and the public will be excluded."
The traitors revived the Han Dynasty and returned to their old capital. "This just spoke Liu You mind. Who can compare with Zhuge Liang who wrote An Example and Die Hard? The implication is that the Southern Song Dynasty imperial court feared the enemy like a tiger and stole peace. No one like Zhuge Liang came to "reward the three armed forces and set the northern central plains" to recover the great cause. No one leads the way.
In fact, the root of these four "embarrassing things" lies in the "peace faction" in the Southern Song Dynasty. Because they are a stumbling block to resisting gold and saving the country, and executioners who stifle patriotic forces. The author's "anger" includes "hate", "anger" includes "sadness", "anger" produces "cool" and "anger" produces "sigh", thus forming the style of this poem.
2. The main expression of this poem.
(1) Contrast technique: The "anger" in the poem is mainly expressed through two contrasts. The first is the contrast between ideal and reality. The poet looks at the Central Plains in the north, and his heroism is like a mountain. I promised myself to go to the Great Wall, but it was difficult. Ideals are shattered by reality. The second is the contrast between the poet's image in his early years and that in his later years. In the early years, the spirit was as strong as Mount Tai. "The ship is snowing at night, and the iron horse is in the autumn wind." How heroic, now I look at myself in the mirror, my face is withered, the years are not alive, and the years are empty! And the root of all this is the main faction of the imperial court. How can the "anger" in the poet's heart not be written?
(2) Borrowing the past to satirize the present: the high praise of Zhuge Liang in the poem is actually a resentment against the court of the Southern Song Dynasty for stealing security and favoring Jiangnan. "Yong Huai" is not the present, it has been written for more than 1000 years, aiming at the next 1000 years.
Conclusion: The above is a discussion on the theme and expression of this poem. Poetry theme and expression are important contents of the college entrance examination. Only by constantly accumulating the themes and skills of each poem can students gradually broaden their horizons and form a profound understanding and stable poetry appreciation ability.
3. Students are free to read the whole poem and are required to recite it in class.
Fourth, expand thinking: Lu You's life experience of "hard to get paid for his ambition, and his youth is empty and old" reflected in the book of wrath is undoubtedly a tragedy, but is this tragedy his personal tragedy, or is it a tragedy shared by all patriots who resisted gold in the Southern Song Dynasty? Contact other contemporary poets and their works to answer.
Guide students to grasp the "fading temples" and "initial spots" of the sentence "fading temples in the mirror" in this poem, so as to grasp the image of "white hair" and guide students to find similar poems from the poems they have learned.
1, Lu You's Confessions: Hu is still alive, his temples are autumn first, and his tears are empty. Who would have predicted this? Heart in Tianshan Mountain, old in Cangzhou.
2. Xin Qiji's Broken Array: It's a pity to forget what happened in the king's world and win fame before he died!
3. Yue Fei's Xiao Zhongshan: Baishou is a fame, and Laoshan is old, which hinders the return journey. I want to talk to Yao Qin, but I have few intimate friends. Who will listen to a broken string?
The aspirations of these three poets are the same: Lu You is looking to the north of the Central Plains, Xin Qiji is "the matter of the first king, then the work of the first king", and Yue Fei is "successful". "What's going on in the world" and "fame" both refer to the grand plan of recovering the Central Plains. And their experiences are surprisingly similar. Lu You is "Spotty First", Xin Qiji is "White Pity" and Yue Fei is "Bald". It can be seen that Lu You is not alone in the tragedy. There is no way to serve the country, no way to volunteer, no reward for ambition and empty time. It will always be the tragedy of all those who are interested in resisting gold and saving the country and recovering the Central Plains in the Southern Song Dynasty, even until Wen Tianxiang "has never died since ancient times." Their tragedy is the tragedy of the times, and their sorrow is the sorrow of heroes. The complex that Lu You has never solved in his life is not his personal complex, but the complex shared by all patriots in the Southern Song Dynasty.
From these poems, we can sum up two very effective ways to appreciate poetry, namely "knowing people and discussing the world" and "connecting people". The so-called "knowing people" means understanding the thoughts, aspirations and experiences of poets (words) all their lives; The so-called "on the world" is to understand the era in which poets (words) live. Lu You's lifelong ambition was to "set the Central Plains in the north", but he lived in the Southern Song Dynasty, where the pacifists dominated the political affairs. Therefore, his fate can only be that his ambition is difficult to stretch, and the years are old and the years are wasted. Therefore, as long as you read this poem, you can drive almost all his poems or words. For example, his "The Storm of November 4th", "Complaining about the love of Wanli in that year", "Sleeping in the Palace with Charcoal in the Snow" and "The Corner of the Border Town" are all about the same theme. I have mastered the appreciation method of "knowing people and discussing the world", and I can draw inferences from others when doing poetry appreciation questions.
Another way is to "connect with each other". The ancients said that "stones from other mountains can attack jade." When you appreciate poetry, you can also borrow "stones from other mountains" For example, when we first enjoyed The Book of Wrath of Heaven, we borrowed Xin Qiji's Broken Array, Yue Fei's Hill and so on, so that we can effectively understand the new knowledge with the old knowledge and deepen the old knowledge with the new knowledge, and get twice the result with half the effort.
Feeling after class:
China is a country of poetry. China's poetry has a very long history, which has been more than 3,000 years since the first book of poetry, The Book of Songs. Since the Warring States Period, "the Sao of Chu, the Fu of Han, the Parallel Prose of Six Dynasties, the Poems of Tang, the Ci of Song and the Song of Yuan are all called a generation of literature." "A generation of literature" represents the literary tendency and mainstream of an era. Before the emergence of novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties, in a sense, a history of China literature can be said to be a history of the development of China poetry. It truly records the colorful emotional world of the Chinese nation and shows our nation's long-standing cultural tradition and profound aesthetic taste. Although the times are changing with each passing day, we are entering the high-tech era and the network era, as one of the carriers of China's traditional culture, classical poetry is not out of date. It is like the bright star last night, which still shines tonight and tomorrow, and has eternal charm beyond time and space. Excellent poems created by folk writers and scholars in past dynasties not only play a very important role in the construction of modern spiritual civilization today, but also are rich cultural and artistic resources for our humanistic quality education for primary and secondary school students and even college students.
Chinese classical poetry has made great achievements in thought and art, and those works that express the author's personality charm, noble sentiment, wisdom and rationality have profound ideological enlightenment and moral edification for students; Those wonderful poems with harmonious scenes and beautiful artistic conception have a subtle emotional influence on cultivating students' healthy aesthetic taste and improving their cultural and artistic accomplishment.