Introduction to Shi Naian

Shi Naian (about 1296~1370)

A Chinese writer in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. The name Zi'an means famous. A native of Xinghua (now Xinghua County, Jiangsu Province), originally from Suzhou. It is said that Shi Naian was the author of "Water Margin". In the 19th year of Jiajing's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1540), Gao Ru's "Baichuan Shuzhi" recorded: "100 volumes of "Water Margin of Loyalty and Righteousness". The edition of Shi Naian in Qiantang. Edited by Luo Guanzhong." In the 45th year of Jiajing's reign, Lang Ying wrote in "Seven Revisions" "Lei Manuscript" says: This book is "the original version of Shi Naian in Qiantang". During the Wanli period, Hu Yinglin pointed out in "Shaoshi Shanfang Bi Cong": "The Water Margin compiled by Shi in Wulin was particularly popular." Today, people agree that Shi Naian is the author of "Water Margin".

There are very few materials about Shi Naian's life and deeds, and some of the records collected are also quite contradictory. Since the 1920s, some materials related to Shi Naian have been discovered in the Xinghua area of ??Jiangsu Province, including the Genealogy of the Shi Family, the Genealogy of the Changmen of the Shi Family, and the Supplement to Volume 13 of the Xinghua County Chronicle. One piece of "Shi Naian's Biography" and an addendum to Volume 14 contain one piece of "Shi Naian's Epitaph" written by Wang Daosheng in the early Ming Dynasty. According to the analysis of these materials, Shi Yu was a Jinshi in the second year of Zhishun (1331) of Emperor Mingzong of the Yuan Dynasty. He was an official in Qiantang for the second year. Due to disagreements with those in power, he abandoned his post and returned to his hometown. He returned to Suzhou and wrote "Water Margin" to trace old news and close the book. I can't write my own books, but I can't realize my ambition. There are also legends that he had contact with Zhang Shicheng, the general of the peasant uprising in the late Yuan Dynasty.

Answer: Edogawa_Shinichi - Chief Operating Officer Level 12 3-5 20:04

Ming Er. His ancestral home is Suzhou. A famous novelist in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. He lived during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties and witnessed the darkness of the court, the mediocrity of the rulers, political corruption, and social injustice, so he wrote "Water Margin" to express his indignation.

Answer: pxw123 - Trainee Magician Level 2 3-5 20:06

Outside Changmen of Suzhou City, there is a family named Shi in Shijia Lane, north of Huaixu Bridge. A descendant of Shi Zhichang, one of the seventy-two disciples of Confucius. This branch was passed down to Shi Naian's father who was already the fourteenth generation. In the second year of Yuanzhen (AD 1296) of Emperor Chengzong of Yuan Dynasty, the Shi family had a son. An old scholar named the baby Yanduan, which meant that when the child grew up, he would be a well-behaved scholar. This infant Yan Duan was Shi Naian who later wrote the eternal masterpiece "Water Margin".

When Shi Naian was 7 years old, his family was poor and unable to go to school. But he was smart and studious. He often borrowed books to read, asked his neighbors to teach him, and sometimes went to schools to audit. In this way, he read "The Great Learning", "The Analects of Confucius", "Poetry", "Li" and many other books. At the age of 13, he was able to answer questions fluently and write eloquently in public.

Once, an old neighbor died of illness, and Ji Xiucai, who was studying at the Xushuguan School, was invited to write a memorial. Ji Xiucai failed to arrive in time, so others suggested that Yan Duan give it a try. Nai'an was young and full of energy. He wanted to show off his talents, but he didn't give in. He just walked over and took advantage of him. Later, Ji Xiucai read this memorial poem that was both childish and talented and praised it endlessly. He offered to take Shi Naian to Xushuguan to study without charging tuition. Later, he betrothed his daughter to Shi Naian.

Shi Naian studied very hard in Xushuguan. He not only read hundreds of schools of thought, but also browsed all kinds of books. "The Legacy of Xuanhe of the Song Dynasty" published at that time told stories such as "Chao Gai outsmarted the birthday card", "Song Jiang killed Yan Poxi", and Yang Zhi sold the knife, which aroused Shi Naian's interest, and he often read it after class. I also danced with my friends, danced with swords and sticks, and practiced martial arts. At that time, Suzhou city often sang stories and dramas such as "Stone Sun Li", "Green Faced Beast", "Flower Monk", "Martial Walker", "Tong Le Yuan Yan Qing Fighting Fish", "Li Kui Bearing the Jing" and so on. , Shi Naian also went to have fun sometimes, showing his admiration for these "heroes of righteousness" and "heroes who hold up the sky."

Shi Naian (1296~1370?) was a novelist in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. He was originally from Dongdu, first mentioned in Qiantang. He was a Jinshi and served as an official, but he was not in harmony with the current situation. He gave up his official position and returned home to engage in writing. He and Liu Qingtian were brothers in the same school. Mr. Qingtian once served in Hu Yuan Dynasty. Shi Naian felt ashamed and wrote a letter to criticize him, and the friendship ended. Shi Naian was knowledgeable about ancient and modern times and was extremely talented. He was a master of all the classics, poetry, astronomy, geography, medical divination, and astrology, and was proficient in all techniques. In the early years of Hongwu, he hid in Jiangyin and set up a museum to teach students, and there were many scholars. Every time he diagnoses a problem for a person, the test will be like a sound. If someone is sick nearby, he will go to the doctor and see if he can be cured by the medicine. Everyone is astonished as a god. He said that Liu Bowen of Qingtian was good at politics but bad at military affairs, and he was a good scholar. If I am not an official, it will be over. If I become an official, I will be a prime minister and assistant, and a general with military skills. He can control the world with a hundred thousand soldiers, just like a game of chess. After tasting the story of Liangshanbo, he wrote one hundred and twenty chapters of "Water Margin". The writing is exquisite and the objects are exquisite. The merchants were happy to engrave it, and it became popular far and wide. Jain became rich as a result. This book was later transferred to the ban, and Taizu hated it when he saw it, saying: "This book promotes chaos. There must be a treacherous conspiracy in people's hearts. If it is not eliminated, it will cause great trouble." Secretly ordered the border officials to arrest it. When the soldiers arrived, Nai'an had already fled, and he didn't know where he would end up.

The first half of the book writes about "officials forcing the people to rebel". Heroes such as Lin Chong and Lu Zhishen were "forced to Liangshan" one by one. After Song Jiang went up the mountain, he wrote about several wars against the local tyrants and the government and the army; the second half describes how Song Jiang was recruited and attacked. Liao, fighting against Fangla, ended in tragedy. It reflects the law of occurrence and development of peasant uprisings. The actions of the uprising heroes progressed from small to large, from individual resistance to collective action, from unorganized to organized, and finally formed a mighty uprising army. The author fully affirms and enthusiastically praises the heroes of the uprising, especially those who came from the lower class, such as Li Kui, San Ruan, Wu Song, Shi Xiu, etc., who were the most exploited and oppressed, and had the strongest resistance. For justice In your career, you will go through fire and water without hesitation. These rebellious, so-called "unpardoned" sinners of the imperial court are all respectable, lovely, glorious and moving. It fully exposed the dark forces of the feudal class, from the lowest level Zheng Tu, Ximen Qing, etc., to the upper level Liang Zhongshu, Gao Lian and others, as well as their backers Cai Jing and Gao Qiu, and wrote them as ugly as the heroes of Liangshan. A sharp contrast. The book has a strict structure, with the main line of forcing the people to rebel and doing justice for heaven. Each story is relatively independent, such as chapters such as Lin Chong going up the mountain, Wu Song fighting a tiger, and outsmarting the birthday card. The language is based on spoken language, which is bright, concise, accurate and vivid. The narrative is vivid and extremely expressive. Generally speaking, the artistic level of the book is unbalanced, and the second half is not as good as the first half.

Answer: Xiaoyao HangЖ - Magic Apprentice Level 3-8 17:59

Shi Naian is not a good person!!!

Answer Author: mlsxy123 - Magic Apprentice Level 3-10 20:04

Shi Naian, originally from Xinghua, Jiangsu. He was born into a boat family and his family was poor. When he was a child, he went to Suzhou with his father. At the age of 13, he studied in Xushuguan near Suzhou. At the age of 29, he passed the imperial examination. At the age of 30, he went to the Yuan Dynasty to take the exam, but failed. Recommended by a friend, I went to Yuncheng, Shandong Province to teach. In Shandong, he searched for heroic deeds of Song Jiang and others near Liangshanbo, and became familiar with the customs and customs of Shandong. Shi Naian passed the Jinshi examination at the age of 35 and went to Qiantang to serve as county governor. However, he only served for two years before he angrily returned to Suzhou due to disagreements with the powerful officials. After Zhang Shicheng's peasant uprising troops occupied Suzhou, Shi Naian joined the army and became Zhang Shicheng's staff. This made him familiar with the camp life of the peasant uprising army and many leaders of the uprising army. Later, he discovered that Zhang Shicheng and other leaders were becoming increasingly arrogant and expected to be defeated in the future. He then left Zhang Shicheng's tribe and lived in the Heyang Mountain area of ??Changshu and Zhutang Jiangyin to make a living by teaching and devoted himself to writing "Water Margin". Zhang Shicheng failed, and Zhu Yuanzhang searched for relevant personnel in Suzhou. Shi Naian had no choice but to return to Suzhou to avoid disaster, settled in Baiju Town, now Dafeng City, and continued writing "Water Margin".

Shi Naian was originally from Xinghua, Jiangsu. He was born into a boat family and his family was poor. When he was a child, he went to Suzhou with his father. At the age of 13, he studied in Xushuguan near Suzhou. At the age of 29, he passed the imperial examination. At the age of 30, he went to the Yuan Dynasty to take the exam, but failed. Recommended by a friend, I went to Yuncheng, Shandong Province to teach. In Shandong, he searched for heroic deeds of Song Jiang and others near Liangshanbo, and became familiar with the customs and customs of Shandong. Shi Naian passed the Jinshi examination at the age of 35 and went to Qiantang to serve as county governor. However, he only served for two years before he angrily returned to Suzhou due to disagreements with the powerful officials. After Zhang Shicheng's peasant uprising troops occupied Suzhou, Shi Naian joined the army and became Zhang Shicheng's staff. This made him familiar with the camp life of the peasant uprising army and many leaders of the uprising army. Later, he discovered that Zhang Shicheng and other leaders were becoming increasingly arrogant and expected to be defeated in the future. He then left Zhang Shicheng's tribe and lived in the Heyang Mountain area of ??Changshu and Zhutang Jiangyin to make a living by teaching, and devoted himself to writing "Water Margin". Zhang Shicheng failed, and Zhu Yuanzhang searched for relevant personnel in Suzhou. Shi Naian had no choice but to return to Suzhou to avoid disaster, settled in Baiju Town, now Dafeng City, and continued writing "Water Margin".

Answer: 601059258 - Magic Apprentice Level 3-11 18:43

Yuanchengzong Yuanzhen 2nd year Bingshen (1296) 1 year old

He was born on the second day of October in Baiju Chang, Hailing County, Taizhou (now part of Baiju Town, Dafeng City, Jiangsu Province), named Yanduan, with the courtesy name Zian. Zodiac sign: Monkey. His father, Shi Yuande, also had the courtesy name Changqing; his mother, Bian Shuzhen, was from the same branch as the Bian family from Fengqiao, Suzhou, who moved to Yancheng, Biancang.

Wushen was 13 years old in the first year of Emperor Wuzong's reign in the Yuan Dynasty (1308).

Student at Ji's family school in Hushuguan outside Suzhou.

In the third year of Yuan Dynasty, Gengxu (1310) was 15 years old.

Continued to study in Ji's family school.

Yin was 19 years old in the first year of Yanyou (1314).

The imperial examination was implemented, which was known as the "Yanyou Imperial Examination" in history. The previous imperial examination in the Yuan Dynasty was abolished. This year he passed the examination to become a scholar. Because he had studied in Ji's family school for a long time and had a strong friendship, he married Ji's daughter Ji Danhong.

In the seventh year of Yanyou (1320), Gengshen was 25 years old.

He was specially recommended by Suzhou officials in various households for his filial piety and trustworthiness.

Emperor Taiding of the Yuan Dynasty was 29 years old in Jiazi (1324), the first year of Taiding.

Goed to Hangzhou to take part in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provincial Examinations and passed the examination.

From the third year of Tianli to the first year of Shun (1330), he was 35 years old.

On the way to Dadu (Beijing) for the examination, he inspected Liangshanbo and failed in the examination.

In the second year of Zhishun (1331), Xinwei was 36 years old.

He was recommended as a "Rural Tribute Jinshi" or "Given Jinshi" by the local government. Recommended by Liu Benshan, Secretary of the Imperial College, he was appointed as a tutor in Yuncheng County.

In the third year of Zhishun reign of Emperor Ningzong of the Yuan Dynasty, Renshen (1332) was 37 years old.

Continuing to serve as a tutor in Yuncheng County, he advocated mulberry farming and collected anecdotes about the heroes of the Water Margin.

In the fourth year of Zhishun, the first year of Huizong and Yuantong, Guiyou (1333) was 38 years old.

I went to Dadu (Beijing) for the examination again, but failed. Liu Bowen, a native of Qingtian (now Wencheng), Zhejiang, wrote "Ode to Dragon and Tiger Terrace" and won the second place among the top three in the imperial examination. Because

we are both from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and took the joint examination together, we are called classmates.

In the second year of Yuan Tong (1334), he was 39 years old.

He was appointed as the Prime Minister of Qiantang County and wanted to make a difference, but the power was in the hands of Daru Huachi.

From the third year of Yuantong to the first year of Yihai (1335), he was 40 years old.

Continued to serve as the prime minister of Qiantang County. From the middle of the Yuan Dynasty, the center of Yuan dramas moved south from Dadu to Hangzhou to collect and organize Water Margin operas.

In the second year of the Yuan Dynasty (1336), Bingzi was 41 years old.

After "official Qiantang for two years", he resigned and returned to his hometown in Suzhou. There is Shijia Alley in the north of Huaixu Bridge in Suzhou, and there is Shizi Temple outside Changmen. The ancestor is a descendant of Shi Zhichang, a master of Confucius. He moved from Wuxing (Huzhou) to Suzhou in the Tang Dynasty and was passed down to Shi Naian for the fifteenth generation. In this year, Liu Bowen was appointed as the magistrate of Gao'an County, Ruizhou Road, Jiangxi.

In the third year of the Yuan Dynasty (1337), Ding Chou was 42 years old.

He set up a private school to teach in Suzhou. and roamed far and wide.

In the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Gengchen (1340) was 45 years old

Liu Bowen resigned from Jiangxi and went to teach in Dantu. Shi Naian, who was teaching in Suzhou, was invited by Ouyang Xiu's descendant and the prefect of Dantu. , met Liu Bowen.

In the first year of Zhengyuan (1340), Xin was 46 years old

At the invitation of Liu Bowen, he went to Wenzhou (Lucheng) to visit Jiangxin Island and went to Wuyang Village, Nantian Mountain, Qingtian County, Chuzhou (now part of Wencheng County) visited Liu Bowen's hometown. Liu

Bo Wen lived in seclusion in mechanics for three years and wrote "A Hundred Battles and Strange Strategies".

In the seventh year of Zhizheng (1347), Ding Hai was 52 years old.

He set up a museum in Suzhou and accepted Luo Guanzhong, a native of Xu in the Qing Dynasty in Taiyuan, as his disciple. Luo Guanzhong was about 18 years old and was "a man who aspired to be king."

In the eighth year of Zhizheng period (1348), Wuzi was 53 years old.

Fang Guozhen of Taizhou rebelled against the Yuan Dynasty.

In the eleventh year of Zhizheng (1351), Xinmao was 56 years old.

In April, Jialu controlled the Yellow River.

In May, Han Shantong and Liu Futong revolted in Yingzhou.

In August, Xu Shouhui revolted in Qizhou, the country was named Tianwan, and the country was changed to Yuan Dynasty.

Zhima Li occupied Xuzhou and was suppressed by the Yuan army the following year.

Liu Bowen returned to Qingtian from Hangzhou due to a mild illness, and Shi Naian traveled between Suzhou and Baijuchang, Taizhou. (Part 1)

Yuan Chengzong was 1 year old in Bingshen, the second year of Yuanzhen (1296)

Born on the second day of October in Baijuchang, Hailing County, Taizhou (now Dafeng City, Jiangsu Province) Baiju Town), named Yanduan, with the courtesy name Zian. Zodiac sign: Monkey. His father, Shi Yuande, also had the courtesy name Changqing; his mother, Bian Shuzhen, was from the same branch as the Bian family from Fengqiao, Suzhou, who moved to Yancheng, Biancang.