Guan Xiu and Chu Mo were monks of the same age who became monks in Lanxi and An Temple at the same time more than 1170 years ago. They studied poetry and calligraphy when they were young, and after they entered Buddhism, they became apprentices and studied the Lotus Sutra together. Later, Guanxiu (832-913) became a great monk with excellent poetry, calligraphy and painting, and passed away in Longhua Temple in Chengdu; Chumo (832-899) left his hometown when Emperor Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty exterminated Buddhism and traveled to Hangzhou, Ganzhou, Suzhou and Shezhou. , Runzhou and other places, famous for their poems in the world, and finally finally the Da Ci'an Temple in Chang'an. The two eminent monks from Lanxi also had a good friend, Luo Yin, a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty.
Luo Yin (833-909), also known as Zhaojian, was a newcomer to Qiantang (now Hangzhou) and was known as "Jiangdong Talent". Xin Fangwen of the Yuan Dynasty commented on him in "The Biography of Talented Scholars of the Tang Dynasty": Luo Yin was "young and intelligent, good at writing, and his poetry is particularly handsome, and he has a majestic spirit." More than a thousand years have passed, and many of his poems are still recited. Unfortunately, some famous couplets and aphorisms still serve as a warning to the world. For example, "Bee": "Whether it's on the flat land or on the top of the mountain, the infinite scenery is occupied. After gathering hundreds of flowers to turn into honey, who works hard for whom and who enjoys it?"; Another example is "Self-dispatch": "Sing high when you get it and rest when you lose it, there are many There is a lot of sorrow and a long time. If you are drunk now, you will be worried tomorrow. "; Another example is "Qian": "A person with lofty ideals dares not to do anything, and he will be a misfortune. When you are worried, you can open your sleepy eyes. The wolf and tiger nature of a wealthy family will drive you back." As for the famous couplets, such as: "When the time comes, the heaven and the earth will work together, and the heroes will not be free" ("Choubiyi"); "The fragrant grass and affection are all in the way of the horse, and the good clouds cover the buildings everywhere." ("Meeting an Old Friend in Weicheng"); "I am looking for poems with my pen in the cold window, and a piece of it flies to the paper and is sold." ("Snow"); "Only knows things. "Looking ahead, I don't realize how old I am." ("Odd Titles by the Waterside"); "The birds do not scatter with the mountains after the rain, leaning against the wind like the words of passers-by" ("Plum Blossoms") and so on. But despite his outstanding talent, his fame was not as good as expected. I took the exam ten times in my life, but failed in all of them. It was not until he was fifty-five years old that he despaired of his fame in the field, returned eastward to his hometown, and joined the tent of King Qian Liu of Wuyue, where he was able to show off his skills and made many achievements that have been recorded in history. In the spring of the third year of Kaiping (909), Luo Yin fell ill. Qian Liu came to greet him in person, and praised his talents with a poem that said, "The letter of the Yellow River will be clarified one day, and future generations will not be able to inherit this talent." Luo Yin was so moved that he dragged his sick body to make up a couplet, saying: "The flags outside the door are guarding tigers and leopards, and the chapters on the wall are stirring wind and thunder." He wrote about Qian Liu's heroic spirit, literary talent, and the kindness he had to himself. , and soon died suddenly.
When Luo Yin was still alive, he sang and discussed Taoism in many places in Qiantang, Jiuhua, Lushan and Runzhou, and became close friends with Guanxiu and Chumo. Especially when Luo Yin failed in many exams, Guan Xiu, who was already well-known, gave him many condolences and encouragements, which enabled Luo Yin to cheer up after receiving the warmth of friendship. During the fifth and sixth years of Xiantong's reign, and when he was suffering from family misfortunes such as the death of his wife and father, Guan Xiu sent him another seven-character poem to comfort him in the language of Buddhist classics. Luo Yin was very moved after reading it and wrote a poem about it. The poem goes: "The eminent monk gave me a seven-character poem, which made my heart clear from the dust and spread my white eyebrows. It is as beautiful as the flowers in the valley and the sun is shining brightly, and as clear as the full moon at the bottom of the pond. You should look at the thousand leaves of the lotus in the Dharma Realm. "I am willing to break a branch of cinnamon in the world. I have been wandering in the Qin and Wu Dynasties for more than ten years, and I still hate to know my teacher late." In the poem, Guan Xiu is called "the eminent monk" and treats him as a teacher. He also recalls the scene of singing together in Lushan. The feeling of regretting meeting each other too late. Later, Guanxiu entered Shu from Jingmen, and he still never forgot his brother who settled in Hangzhou. He sent a poem with five rhymes of "Huai Qiantang Luo Yin" as a gift. The poem goes: "The blue clouds are bitter, and there is no white hair. The wind is astringent and the tide is astringent." The sound is evil, the sky is cold and the rhyme is lonely. How can I comfort myself after being separated for thousands of miles?" Translated into vernacular, it means: You have experienced ten bad ordeals, and your hair is already gray, right? But Xishu and Jiangsu and Zhejiang are thousands of miles apart, so how can I fulfill my promise of meeting each other in life and death, prosperity and prosperity! Expressing his sincere longing for Luo Yin and his helplessness at parting.
Luo Yin and Chu Mo are both teachers and friends, and they are brothers. When Chu Mo was in Hangzhou, he wrote a poem entitled "Shengguo Temple". One of the couplets goes: "To the end of Jiangwu, there are many mountains on the other side." It was highly praised by many poetry friends. Luo Yin was shocked when he saw it and thought: "Isn't this exactly the sentence I want to write?" So the two hit it off and became close friends from then on. After that, we went to Mount Lu together, visited Runzhou, and passed Yangzhou. The more we made friends and sang, the deeper our friendship became. Luo Yin's "Jiangdong Jiayi Collection" contains many of his poems for Chu Mo, such as "Sending Master Mo to Chu", "Looking East at Beigu Pavilion to Send Master Mo", "Meeting Master Mo in Qiantang and Reminiscing about His Old Tour in Runzhou". ” and so on, recalling their interactions and friendship. Among them are the following: "In the twilight of Gao Pavilion, who is more familiar with the past", "Shiyang Miaoshan Street, nectar flat spring monument", "Sick pity Jingkou wine, old but Haimen style", "Cense burner smoke mist, tiger stream moon, the end of the iron "The boat is looking for benefits and rest", "The nectar rolls up the curtain to watch the rain, and Zhangting leans on the pillar to watch the tide. I have been drunk for ten years, traveling with my teacher to the two places" Runzhou Beigu Pavilion, Lushan Xianglu Peak, Jiujiang Tiger. Decades have passed in Xiyue, Ganlu Miaoshan Street and Jingkou Haimen Feng, but the scene at that time is still vivid in my mind. He also has a poem about Lanxi, Guanxiu's hometown, which goes like this: "How many miles east of the Qijiang River, every solitary boat is full of emotion. The mountains have followed the wanderer far away, and the water patterns still recognize the owner's emotions." It can be said that touching the scenery arouses emotion. do. Yes, more than a thousand years have passed, and the long water of Lanjiang River still reflects the deep friendship between Lanxi eminent monks Guanxiu and Chumo and Jiangdong talented man Luo Yin.
(Note: The contribution of this article is not only to reveal the friendship between Luo Yin, Guan Xiu and Chu Mo, but also to verify the whereabouts and dates of birth and death of Chu Mo. Therefore, it is copied and republished in order to attract the attention of the historians. .
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On January 10, 2019, Shi Fushan lived in Huanglong Cave