Moonlight/light,
Shrouded in the village/outside the village/in the pine forest.
White clouds/clouds,
Missing/when/the stars.
Tianhe/where?
Distant/foggy/hazy.
Afraid that there will be/Jiao Ren/ashore,
On the moon/beads?
I. Background note
Silent Night is selected from the poet's second collection of poems, Starry Sky. Starry Sky was written in the most depressed period after the May 4th Movement. At that time, the poet was studying in Japan, during which he returned to China twice in April of192/kloc-0 and the following summer vacation. Facing the reality of China at that time, the poet felt disappointed and miserable. He hates the dark reality and looks forward to a bright future. However, the fierce fighting spirit and fiery enthusiasm during the May 4th Movement have faded, leaving only "some microwaves after the tide recedes, even silence" (Guo Moruo's words). Therefore, in Starry Sky, the poet reveals strong disappointment and sadness. Although he expressed his desire to fly, to be reborn and to be free, on the other hand, he also contained negative emotions of escapism and loneliness. This is the overall reading impression of Starry Sky. When reading Silent Night, we must contact the above specific background of the times.
Second, the interpretation of poetry.
This little poem has two sections.
The first section, write the moonlight and night scene on earth. This is the poet standing on the ground writing the scenery. What is displayed in front of the readers is the faint moonlight, which covers the pine trees outside the village; A few stars loomed between the clouds in the sky. In just four sentences, it depicts an extremely quiet and beautiful moonlit scene, bringing people into a surreal dream world. This created an atmosphere for the poet to develop the following associations.
The second section, write the story of Jiao Ren in the sky. The poet spread the wings of imagination and flew to the vast starry sky, describing a sad story. The poet looked up and saw a foggy Tianhe, which aroused the association of countless people in ancient and modern times, and the poet thought of legends and stories. But this time the poet is no longer writing about the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, but about the legendary Jiao Ren. The story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Maid may be a household name, but the legend of Jiao Ren's pearl work may not be well known. Facing the endless Tianhe River, the poet really can't see anything, just by imagination, guessing that there will be Jiao Ren floating on the moon on the shore. This is a very sad scene. At this moment of moonlight, the poet thinks that Jiao Ren in the sky is throwing pearls at the moon. In fact, the poet himself is thinking deeply about the moon. The poet's sadness, helplessness and melancholy at this time have turned into lines of poems in such a bleak moonlight, which can also be regarded as the poet's "flowing clouds".
This poem, written by the poet during his study in Japan, contains his personal disappointment with the times, and also vaguely reveals his yearning for his motherland, hometown and relatives. Poetry is elegant and has the artistic conception and charm of classical poetry, such as a serenade, which flows in people's hearts and gives people beautiful enjoyment.
Three. Brief introduction of poet
Guo Moruo (1892— 1978) is a poet, playwright, historian, archaeologist, archaeologist and social activist. Her original name is Guo Kaizhen, her original name is Bao Wen, and her name is Wu Shang. Her pen names are Moro, Maiang, Guo,, Gao Ruhong and. People from Leshan, Sichuan. When I was a child, I was educated at home and read a lot of classical literature. In primary and secondary school, I read Zhuangzi, Songs of the South, Historical Records and other books, read Liang Qichao's and Zhang Taiyan's political comments, Yan Fu translated The Theory of Evolution, and Lin Shu translated novels, which were inspired and influenced by democratic thoughts. 19 14 went to Japan to study, and was successively exposed to the works of Tagore, Goethe, Heine, Schiller, Shakespeare, Shelley, Whitman and progressive writers from northern Europe, France and Russia, and was influenced by pantheism in philosophy. 19 19 took an active part in the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal new culture movement after the May 4th Movement broke out. At the turn of1919-1920, he finished the creation of the first poetry collection Goddess and became the founder of China's new poetry. 192 1 returned to China, and initiated the establishment of "Creation Society" with Cheng and Yu Dafu to engage in new literary activities. From 65438 to 0924, he began to accept Marxist thought and advocated "revolutionary literature". /kloc-at the beginning of 0/926, he went south to Guangzhou and became the dean of the College of Literature of Sun Yat-sen University. During the Northern Expedition, he successively served as Secretary-General, Deputy Director and Acting Director of the Political Department of the Northern Expedition Revolutionary Army. 1March, 927, wrote "Seeing Chiang Kai-shek Today" for Chiang Kai-shek, exposing his counter-revolutionary conspiracy. In August of the same year, he participated in the Nanchang Uprising and joined the China Producers' Party. Persecuted by the Kuomintang reactionaries, he went into exile in China from 65438 to 0928 and devoted himself to the study of ancient history and ancient philology in China. He is the author of Studies on Ancient Society in China, Studies on Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Two Weeks, Studies on Bronzes in Yin and Zhou Dynasties, Textual Research on Bronzes, etc. China became one of the pioneers who used historical materialism to study history. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he returned to China alone, engaged in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement, and served as the director of the Third Hall of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the National Government and the director of the Cultural Work Committee. Before and after the Southern Anhui Incident, he wrote six historical dramas, such as Tang Dihua and Qu Yuan, which played a very good role in educating the people and attacking the enemy. 1in March, 944, in order to commemorate the three hundredth anniversary of the peasant uprising led by Li Zicheng in the late Ming Dynasty, he wrote a long article, The Three Centennial Festival of Shen Jia, which summarized the historical experience and lessons and was praised by Comrade Mao Zedong. During the War of Liberation, he bravely stood in the forefront of the democratic struggle and led the struggle between the cultural circles and the Kuomintang rulers. After 1949, he successively served as Vice Premier of the State Council and Director of Culture and Education Committee, President of China Academy of Sciences, Chairman of All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Vice Chairman of National People's Congress and Vice Chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. His major literary works in his life include: Goddess of Poetry, Starry Sky, Aquarius, Thousand Cats, Restoration, Collection of Strings, Collection of Wars, etc. Prose My Childhood, Before and After Anyway, Ten Years of Creation, The Road to the Northern Expedition, Boiling Soup Collection, etc. Such as Three Rebellious Women, Qu Yuan, Tiger Elephant, Flower of Tang Di, Gao Jianli, Cai Wenji and Wu Zetian. There are also translations of Selected Poems of Morrow and Goethe's Faust. The Complete Works of Guo Moruo was published by People's Literature Publishing House.
Four. Appreciation of Silent Night
This poem is quiet and elegant, with words and sentences, and the poetry organization is full of the charm of classical poetry. In this ethereal painting, there are deep reverie of the poet. On a quiet night at a foreign seaside, there was an illusion of Jiao Ren "floating on the moon". Isn't this the projection of the poet's soul who cares about the motherland and the world as soon as possible?
The title of the poem is Silent Night, and most of the pen and ink are used to describe the quiet night scene. Section 1 of the poem depicts a very ordinary picture: the moonlight is faint, and the pine forest outside the village is bathed in the moonlight; Clouds and stars are scattered in the sky, which is easy to see in people's daily life. Through poetry, readers seem to see the poet walking alone outside the house in the dead of night, casually looking at the faint moonlight, the dim forest shadow in the moonlight and the sparse stars leaking from the clouds. If we continue to write with this plain idea of scenery writing, it will be only a good poem of scenery writing at best, but at the beginning of the second section, the poet asks, "Where is Tianhe?" This problem broadens and promotes the realm of the whole poem and brings the reader's vision and mind to the vast universe. The author seems to want to lead the reader's thoughts to "concentrating octupole" and "wandering around Wan Ren", and seems to want the reader's eyes to see the infinite depths of the starry night through the boundless darkness, but the following sentence "The sea fog in the distance is very vague" brings back the thoughts that the reader just put down. Fuzzy sea fog can block people's sight, but it can't stop the imagination like a runaway wild horse. At this point, the flying heart couldn't stop thinking for a long time-"I'm afraid there is Jiao Ren on the shore/on the moon?" This sentence perfectly proves that the poet's imagination has indeed crossed the vast sea fog, imagining that there is a "Jiao Ren" standing on the shore, silently shedding a string of pearl-like tears at the moon ... Is "Jiao Ren" crying with joy or sadness? Or endless yearning? This left readers with endless aftertaste. This is a poem, this is Guo Moruo's poem! This is imagination, this is Guo Moruo's imagination! Without the imagination of the latter paragraph, the scenery of the former paragraph is dull and lifeless. With the imagination of the latter paragraph, the common scenery becomes ethereal and beautiful. What is particularly commendable is that although there are differences between realism and imagination in the first and second sections, they all write the word "quiet", and the atmosphere of the whole poem is harmonious and unified.