Introduction of works
Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple is a seven-character quatrain written by Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, when he went to Dalin Temple in Lushan Mountain in Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang) in the early summer of the twelfth year of Yuanhe (8 17).
This poem tells that the author came to Dalin Temple in early summer and April. At this time, the grass at the foot of the mountain was exhausted, but he accidentally met a peach blossom that had just bloomed in the mountain temple. This poem describes the author's amazing feelings and highlights the surprise and unexpected joy of discovery. The whole poem vividly, concretely, naively and vividly describes the scenery in spring. Novel, ingenious and full of fun, it is a treasure in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty.
original work
Peach blossoms in Dalin Temple
Bai Juyi
In the world of April, the flowers have withered, and the peach blossoms in the ancient temples have just bloomed.
I want to find a place where my life is dying, but I don't know that it has been moved here.
Sentence annotation
⑴ Dalin Temple: It is said that it was built by Tan E, a monk in Jin Dynasty, and it is one of the Buddhist resorts in China.
(2) Human: refers to the flat village under Lushan Mountain. Fang Fei: A blooming flower can also refer to the beautiful spring scenery of flowers and plants. Exhaustion: refers to the withering of flowers.
(3) Mountain Temple: refers to Dalin Temple. Start: only; Just now.
(4) Long-term hatred: frequent regret. Chungui: Spring is back. Looking: looking.
5] I don't know: unexpected, unexpected. Turn: reverse. Among them: in this temple in the deep mountains.
Vernacular translation
In April, the flowers have withered, and the peach blossoms in the ancient temple in the mountains have just opened.
I often regret that spring has gone nowhere to look, but I don't know that it has come here.
Creation background
This poem was written in April of the 12th year of Tang Xianzong Yuanhe (8 17). Bai Juyi was Sima of Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) at the age of 46.
Regarding the writing of this poem, Bai Juyi has a Preface to You Dalin Temple for reference: "People, Yuanjixu, Henan, Middle School, Nanyang Zhi, Yu, An Dingliang, Zhang Shi, Tuolin Temple Shaman, Zhi Man, Shi Jian, Li Bian, Dao Shen, Dao Jian, Shen Zhao, Yun Gao, En Ci, Yan Fan seventeen. The forest is far away and inaccessible. Around the temple, there are many clean Cang Shi, short pine and thin bamboo. There are only wooden houses in the temple, and its monks are all Haidong people. The mountains are deep, the season is never late, and it is in Xia Yue. For example, in February, the peach blossoms are in early bloom, the grass is still short, and the personality climate is different from that of the flat settlements. If you didn't build a world when you first came here. Because of the slogan "Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple". Looking around the walls, I saw the names of Xiao Langzhong Village, Wei Langzhong Hong Jian and Li Bubu Bo, and Ji lamented,' This place is really the best in the world.' There is no half way from the post road to the mountain gate. Since Xiao, Wei and Li You traveled for 20 years, there has been no successor. Ha ha! So is the temptation of fame and fortune. On April 9th, in the 12th year of the reign of Yuan Dynasty, Bai Letian, Taiyuan made a preface. "
Bai Juyi, who was born as a scholar during the Tang Zhenyuan period, was awarded the post of secretary of the provincial school, and later went to collect the remains, which is a spring breeze. Who knows that during his career as a Beijing official for several years, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima by the court because of his outspoken suggestions. Bai Juyi, as Jiangzhou Sima, once faced with vicissitudes of life, we were all unhappy-to the ends of the earth, a pipa girl, in his poem Pipa Xing. This feeling of vicissitudes of life is naturally integrated into the artistic conception of this little poem, which gives the poem Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple a metaphorical color of vicissitudes of life.
works appreciation
There are only four short sentences in this poem, and there seems to be nothing profound and amazing in terms of content and language. It is only a narrative and description of seasons and climate, and it is a kind of scenery that "the mountains are deep and the seasons are not late" and "different from the flat settlements". It is this simple and natural poem, but it is far-reaching and interesting.
At the beginning of the poem, the words "the world is full of wheatgrass in April, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple" mean that when the poet climbs the mountain, he has already arrived in Xia Meng, and it is time for spring to return to the earth and the wheatgrass to fall. But unexpectedly, in the ancient temple in the mountains, I met an unexpected spring scene-a peach blossom that began to bloom. From the sentence "I hate spring for a long time, but I can't find a place to go", we can know that the poet is resentful, angry and disappointed for the hasty absence of spring before boarding the ship. Therefore, when this unexpected spring scene comes into view, it should make people feel how surprised and happy. The first sentence of this poem, "Fang Fei is exhausted" and the second sentence, "It begins to bloom", complement each other. Literally, they wrote stories and scenes, but in fact, they also wrote a leap in feelings and thoughts-from sighing for the melancholy of passing away to surprise, joy and even joy. Moreover, at the beginning of the first sentence, the poet deliberately used the word "person", which means that this adventure and this scenic spot have brought a special feeling to the poet, that is, it seems that he suddenly stepped into a fairyland from the real world of human beings and was in another non-human world.
It is under the trigger of this feeling that the wings of the poet's imagination soar. "I hate that spring is nowhere to be found and I don't know where to go." The poet thought that he hated the ruthlessness of spring because he cherished it and fell in love with it, but he was wrong. It turns out that spring didn't come back, but just sneaked into this place like children and people playing hide-and-seek.
In this poem, peach blossoms are used instead of abstract spring scenery to make spring scenery concrete and beautiful; Moreover, it personifies the spring scenery and writes it as if it really has feet, so you can hide it around. It doesn't just have feet, it just has a naughty and provocative character. In this short poem, the description of spring scenery in nature is so vivid and concrete, innocent and lovely, which can not be separated from the poet's infinite nostalgia and love for spring and childlike innocence. The beauty of this poem lies in its novel conception, ingenious conception, elegant and interesting playful language, which is also inspiring and pleasing to the eye. It can be described as another treasure in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty.
Famous comments
Shen Kuo's "Meng Qian Bi Tan": Bai Letian's "You Dalin Temple" says: "In April, the beauty of the world is exhausted, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple begin to bloom." Gai Changli also. The terrain is different.
Song Changbai Liu Ting's poems: Bai Xiangshan and Yuanyou Lushan Dalin Temple. When they arrived in Xiameng, they saw the peach blossoms in full bloom, so they wrote a poem: "The world in April is full of beauty ..." When Meihua came home, there was a poem saying: "I want to look for spring, but I can't see it, and straw sandals break the clouds. When I came back, I smiled and sniffed the plum blossom, which had ten branches. " Two unique skills can be described as samadhi
Huang's Three Hundred Tang Poems: I'm afraid "this" can't stay long. What should I do?
Liu Yongji's Essence of Tang Poetry: This poem is also about how poets feel different from ordinary people. In Su Shi's poem Looking at the South of the Yangtze River, there is a saying that "all the tongues are silent, the peaches and plums are exhausted, the deep forest is full of water, and the spring scenery belongs to the weeds". In Xin Qiji's poem "Partridge Sky", there is also a saying that "the peaches and plums in the city are worried about the wind and rain, and the spring is warm in bloom", all of which are the same as Bai's poems.
Brief introduction of the author
Bai Juyi (772 ~ 846) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word Lotte,No. Xiangshan lay. Xinzheng, Henan, was born in Taiyuan (now Shanxi) and later moved to Xiatuo (now northeast Weinan, Shaanxi). Zhenyuan Jinshi, awarded the secretary provincial school book lang. During the Yuanhe period, he served as Zuo Shiyi and Zuo Zanshan. Later, due to the above requirements, the murderer who stabbed Prime Minister Wu was severely arrested, offended powerful people and was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. In the early years of Changqing, he was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou, and Bao Li was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou in the early years, and later served as the minister of punishments. In literature, he advocated that "articles should be written in time, and songs and poems should be written for things", and he was an advocate of the New Yuefu Movement. His poetic language is well-known, and he is praised as "the poet's magic" and "the poet's king". And Yuan Zhen were called "Bai Yuan" and Liu Yuxi was called "Bai Liu". There is a collection of Bai Changqing handed down from generation to generation.