Looking at Yaochi in the west, the Empress Dowager 3 descends, and the purple gas is full of customs 4 in the east.
The cloud moves to the tail and opens the palace mountain 5, and the sun circles the dragon forest to know the holy face 6.
A dormitory in Cangjiang was 7 years late and went back to work in Class 8 of Qingsuo several times.
This comment is one of the contents of Reflections on the Peaceful Settlement of the Old Country, which describes the prosperity of imperial etiquette in Que Palace and Du Fu's own experience of entering the DPRK that year.
1 Nanshan: Zhong Nanshan, south of Xi, Shaanxi Province. One of the peaks in the Qinling Mountains, the main peak is 2604 meters above sea level. Beautiful scenery. Penglai Palace, the Daming Palace, can be found in Volume 30 of Tang Yao Hui: In the second year of Longshuo, the old Daming Palace was rebuilt and renamed Penglai Palace, and it knew the northern plateau and southern Zhong Nanshan like the back of its hand.
2. The story of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is used to reveal the golden stems, that is, Han Xiao, Xiao Yun and Tianhe used by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to describe the height of copper columns. Ban Gu's "Ode to the West": Anti-immortal palm bearing dew, "double golden stem".
Yaochi, the legendary place where the Empress Dowager lived, is in the west, so it faces west. Because Yaochi is in a high place, the word "Xia" is used here.
Laozi entered the Han Pass from Luoyang, so he was called Donglai. Hanguan, namely Hangukou. A famous pass built during the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is located in the east of Xin 'an County in Luoyang today. "Biography of Guan Ling Yin": Guan Ling Yin Xi often went upstairs and saw the purple gas in the east pole and west, saying, "There must be a saint passing by." If you see this old gentleman coming in a green ox cart.
Complaint note: Yaochi is in the west and Hanguan is in the east. It is said that the weather is magnificent and the space is spacious.
5 pheasant tail: pheasant tail fan. The clouds move, describing "Miyayama". The outline of Zhao in Ming Dynasty: When the pheasant fan is opened, it looks like a cloud.
Book of the New Tang Dynasty Yi Wei Zhi: There were pheasant-tailed obstacle fans in the Tang Dynasty. Cui Bao notes ancient and modern times: pheasant fan, which originated in Yin. When Emperor Gaozong was in the reign of Emperor Gaozong, there were pheasants, and the pheasant feathers were often used as service seals to keep out dust.
"Tang Yao Hui" Volume 24: In the middle of Kaiyuan, Xiao Song played: Every month, the emperor looked at the Zheng Xuan Hall, and the ceremony was solemn, rising and falling, and people could not get along. Please prepare a feather fan in the hatchback of the hall, put it out and fan it together. Sit down, but fan it.
6 Xiao Note: Long Lin, the dragon pattern embroidered on the emperor's clothes. Feast, the spokesman of the son of heaven, refers to Xuanzong. The Tang dynasty went to court long ago, and the emperor's face could not be recognized until sunrise.
Five, six, running water. Yes
Lying down implies that you can't afford to get sick, saying that you are very ill. Cangjiang River, generally referred to as the Yangtze River, is called Cangjiang River because of its blue and pale water surface. This refers to the Wuxia Gorge. There are two meanings, one is late autumn, and the other is sighing for one's old age.
Ye Jiaying: Today, one of them is lying on the Cangjiang River, which is several times far away from the past. Strong and healthy, it is really unparalleled.
Chen Tingjing's Note: The first six sentences of this poem are about the current events of the Ming emperors. Lying in Cangjiang River is the current affairs of several generations, and the current affairs of Qing Suo Ban Chao are the current affairs of Su Zong. Foreword Tianbao Shengshi comes to an abrupt end and meets the end steeply. To this end, the middle made a big fuss. Lying in Cangjiang River, sick in Kuizhou. It's too late to be surprised, and autumn is deep. A few times, I turned blue, hesitated, and stood a few times. This chapter uses the opposite knot, as do the other two chapters.
Clear lock: blue chain pattern decoration on the doors and windows of the palace. In Du Fu's Poems, Qing Suo (or Qing Suo Men) generally refers to the province where he worked as a left gleaner. See "Han Shu's Notes": green lock, carved as a chain, painted blue.
Point: Pass the point, that is, call the roll. Morning shift: arrange morning shift according to the size of official position. The structure of this poem is still the first six sentences recalling the past, and the seventh sentence returning to reality. At the end of the couplet, I mean that I can't afford to get sick in martial arts now, and it's old age. I think I taught in the province and took part in politics for a while.
(6) Qiuqiu 1 Qutangxiakou Qujiangtou, Yanji City, Wan Lifeng.
Calyx clip into the city to control the air 2, Furong Xiao Yuan into the side worry 3.
Julian embroidered column encircles Yellow Crane 4, and brocade cable teeth mark Bai Ou 5.
Looking back at those poor singing and dancing places, Qin Zhong has been an emperor since ancient times.
To annotate ...
This poem describes Qujiang and is the second part of "homesickness".
1 Qutangxia was in Kuizhou, where Du Fu was at that time. Qujiang, or Qujiang Pool, located in the southeast of Xi 'an today, was named after the winding water in the pool, and it was the first resort in Chang 'an, Kyoto at that time. The wind and smoke are like clouds, such as "to surround the wall of the third district of Qin, and to make the five rivers one by one fog." This usually means war. Money Note: Smoke is the so-called "traffic jam".
Plain autumn, that is, autumn, is called golden autumn in the ancient yin-yang and five elements, because its color is white.
Qutangxia and Qujiang are separated from Wan Li, and are always connected in my heart through the same autumn scenery. The implication is that I am at the mouth of Qutang Gorge and my mind is at Qujiangtou.
Huang Sheng: One, two, obviously, I miss you everywhere, but I only write about scenery. Du Fu's poems are harmonious, and the scenery is also love.
2 Calyx: Calyx Building. Biography of the Old Tang Dynasty: Xuanzong set up a building in the southwest of Xingqing Palace, with the title "Xihua Building" and the title "Work-study Program Building" in the south.
Jiacheng, from Daming Palace to Furong Garden, is surrounded by high-wall passages on both sides. Chronology of Chang 'an: In the 20th year of Kaiyuan, Jiacheng was built, and it entered Furong Garden. It recovered from Daming Palace and Luocheng Road, passed Tonghua Gate, went to Xingqing Palace in Nannei, and passed Yanximen in the following spring to Qujiang Furong Garden, which is unknown to outsiders. Biography of Xuanzong in the Old Tang Dynasty: In June of the twentieth year of Kaiyuan, Fan 'an and Guange Building in Chang 'an were sent to build a city and go to Furong Garden.
Imperial qi: the so-called imperial qi. Yu Qi refers to Xuanzong's coming to Qujiang from Jiacheng, Calyx Building. See "Youth Waves in Furong Garden, Daylight Fight City" (Paradise Song).
Three, three and four sentences recall the grand occasion of Qujiang that day.
Huang Sheng: The four sentences "LULU falls in Chang 'an" are excellent. A little roughness is the fatigue of the whole poem. Three, four, the first four words, morning and evening.
Qian Note: Lushan reported to the Emperor that he wanted to move his wealth, and went to the calyx building of Xingqing Palace to buy wine and care for his grief. This so-called small garden was also sad when it entered the customs.
Jin Shengtan: How strange it is to use one word to control qi, and how harmonious it is to use one word to control qi. Mr. Wang's spelling is not exquisite, but it is impressive.
Yellow crane, also known as oriole, or swan. Swan is white. The reason why it was called "Yellow Crane" in ancient times may be partly because the swan's mouth base is yellow and its head and chest are lemon yellow.
5. For the brocade tooth marks, please refer to "Although the spring breeze is confident and teeth move, it is to watch the brocade cable pull in the evening" (boating in the west of the city). Get up and start. Du Lv Yijian by Yan Tingyi: ivory sail, a luxury word in Yuefu; Brocade is a boat and cable, a luxury thing in Ningxia, Gansu Province, which belongs to figurative language.
Gu note: the palace is densely packed, but if the orioles move, there will be more boats, and the tour will suddenly take place, which is really a scene. It is wrong to embroider the old cloud column curtain into an oriole.
6 Xiao Note: The last two sentences show a sharp turn, but the words used are extremely heavy, which means they are hidden in the words and need to be carefully studied. Song and dance venues, namely Qujiang, Du Fu's "Song of Happy Garden" said: "Qujiang is full of silver arms, splashing water and singing, and the clouds are light and the wind is clear." It can also prove. Looking back on pity means looking back on the original prosperity, which makes people feel sorry for the desolation and loneliness now. Looking back, before the word "poor" Fu Zi, the word "poor" had no landing, because the author didn't say that Huang Sheng called this sentence "patrol" and was quite right. The release of the last sentence, from Qujiang to the whole Qin Dynasty, from contemporary to ancient times, is intended to inspire the rulers to strive for self-improvement and warn them to be bohemian. How pitiful it is to regard a place like "the land of emperors since ancient times" as a place of victory. What a pity!
(7) Han Shigong 1 in Chishui, Kunming, Liang Wudi standard 2 in his eyes.
Weaver silk moonlit night 3, stone whale scales moving autumn wind 4.
Wave floating rice Shen Yun black 5, dew cold lotus room falling powder 6.
Guansai Bird Road 7, Jianghu is full of fishermen 8.
To annotate ...
This poem recalls the Kunming Pool in Chang 'an, which is the third part of the thoughtful content. This poem is a typical example of desolation written in beautiful sentences.
1 Kunming Pool is located 20 miles southwest of Chang 'an and 40 miles southwest of Fiona Fang. Built in the period of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, it is called "Han Shigong". "Wu Han Diji": I sent an official to wear Kunming Pool.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, referring to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, inherited the previous sentence "Han Shigong". According to Liu Xin's Miscellaneous Notes on Xijing in Han Dynasty, there are hundreds of Gechuan and Louchuan in Kunming Pool, on which the floor sculls are built. Gechuan is built with spears, and its four corners are covered and shone on the cliff.
Standard, here refers to the flag on the warship. According to records, there were warships in Kunming Pool in the Tang Dynasty, so it seems that the signs on the warships of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty are still in sight.
3 Cao Pi's "Zhi Guai": The Chiershi people in Kunming, facing east and west, are like cowherd and weaver girl.
4 "Miscellanies of Xijing": Carving jade in Kunming Pool is a whale. Whenever there is a thunderstorm, it often screams and the tail moves.
Xiao Note: Although it is clear and not woven, it is called "virtual". Virtual jathyapple, the shape of the Weaver Girl is quiet, the autumn wind is moving, and the shape of the stone whale is vivid. Du Fu often gives life to the dead. Ye Jiaying: However, these two sentences of Du Fu not only express his nostalgia for the statues of the Weaver Girl and the Stone Whale in Chi Pan, Kunming, but also express the vague and turbulent images of "moonlit night" and "scales moving in the autumn wind" expressed by the Weaver Girl and the Stone Whale.
5 Zizania latifolia, which is what we usually eat. The cooked rice can be eaten as a meal, and the ancients regarded it as one of the five meals.
Zhao Cigong: The clouds are dark and there are many words. At first glance, they are as black as clouds. Cai Yong's Moon Order Chapters: Cloudy, Miyun and Heavy Clouds.
6 Lotus House, namely Lotus. Falling powder refers to the red lotus falling in autumn. Shao note: the lotus seeds first set, and the pedicels withered, so it fell into powder.
The word "cloud" in the previous sentence and the word "powder" in the next sentence are nouns and used as metaphors. Powder is powder.
Revenge Notes: Weaver Girl, remember the magnificence of Chi Jing; Wandering around the world, I think of the desolation of the pool view.
7 Xiao Note: The structure of this poem is most similar to that of Penglai Palace Que, because the first six sentences all say that Chang 'an said the past: the last two sentences only go back to Kuizhou and now, so the sixth sentence should be divided. There are many misunderstandings about the statement that four sentences in metrical poems are the only solution. Close the plug, which is the plug of the first song. Extreme days, high words. Du Fu's poem "Tianchi" said: "The horse in Tianchi is not there, but the bird in the blue wall has passed." The so-called bird path. Extremely dangerous. Kuizhou is surrounded by mountains, so it is said that there is only one bird road. The word "Wei" swept away the above banners, weaver girls, stone whales, wild rice, lotus houses and so on. And what we see is that those things only exist in our personal imagination, and what we see in front of us is only the bird paths and mountains that are "high in the sky". Why not be sad! But without the first six sentences, it is difficult to show the desolation of the last two sentences. Zhuangzi once said: "The water is not thick, and the big ship can't bear it." I think the first six sentences of this poem are water, and the last two sentences are boats.
8 Fisherman, Du Fu calls himself.
General Note: Rivers and lakes are everywhere, and there are still floating clouds everywhere. Jathyapple's autumn wind, waves floating and dew cold, is the color of missing. When this chapter is covered with autumn, it is reflected in another place, so it ends in Kuifu, and autumn is no longer brought. Shen Deqian in Qing Dynasty: It's better to block a bird's road than a fisherman, and never see Beijing again.
Materia Medica: Zizania latifolia, that is, Zizania latifolia, has black people in its period, that is, Zizania latifolia, and then bears fruit and carves rice.
(8) Kunwu Yusu meanders 1, and Zige Peak sinks into the pool 2.
The fragrant rice pecks at the parrot, and the old phoenix branch in Biwu habitat 3.
The beauty asked Cui Chun four times, and the fairy moved with the boat five times later.
Crayons used to swim around in dry weather, and the white head sang and looked down.
To annotate ...
Xiao note: this song is about the joy of old travel, which is the fourth thought. The first three songs about Penglai, Qujiang and Kunming belong to the imperial court, so this is a solo tour, so the ending is over.
1 Su Yu Kunwu, place name. Biography of Han Yi Wen Zhi Yang Xiong: Liang Wudi went to Shanglin, to Dinghu Lake in Yichun in the southeast, and stayed in Kunwu. Du Fu's Shi Dishi: Kunwu, in the west of Lantian County, Shaanxi Province. The imperial palace refers to the imperial palace Suchuan, which is located in the south of Xi City, Shaanxi Province.
Winding: winding. Wang Siyuan: Belin is in the forest, and Kunwu lives in Shanglinyuan. Say it and it will be extended.
2 peak shade, hidden peak shadow. "Shaanxi Tongzhi" Volume 9 quotes "A Brief Introduction to Yongsheng Road": Zige Peak is in the east of Guifeng, and the rising sun shines on it, rotten and purple, and it looks like a pavilion.
Pit (sound sad), pond. Behring, that is, Behring Lake. A lake consisting of water from Zhong Nanshan Valley and Hugong Spring flows back 14 mile per week. There are two opinions about the word "zhong" in its name. Ten stories: The original five flavors are vicious, and the vicious fish is beautiful, so it is not worthy of the name. And Zhu Zhu's note: Huanbei is named because of its delicious water. Annals of Chang 'an: Around the north, in the west five miles of Yinhu County.
"The Romance of Dulu": Starting from Chang 'an, you must pass through Kunwu Royal Mansion. When you arrive, you will see Zige Peak and enter the north of Luanhe River. The so-called "pure immersion in the mountains south of half a skin" is also true.
Wu Bi refers to the lush buttonwood.
Chen Gu: Looking at poetry today, it is not true that fragrant rice is the grain left by parrots and Wu Bi is the branch of the phoenix. It is not true to describe the beauty of these two things with a parrot phoenix. The point is rice and Wu, not parrots and phoenixes. If the cloud parrot pecks at Xu Xiang's rice, and the phoenix perches on the old green branches, there must be a parrot phoenix.
Wang Li: Once I stood on my head, I felt very novel and unusual. The beauty of "Ying Ge pattern" and "Phoenix branch" is that they are insoluble.
Here, Du Fu put the most important words at the beginning of the sentence, thus deepening the reader's impression.
4 picking up Cui means picking up Cui Yu. From Cao Zhi's Luo Shen Fu: "Pick pearls or jade feathers." Cui Yu can be used as a decoration. For details, see Notes 4 of Five Commanders.
Asking refers to asking about the inheritance (sound wèi), that is, giving gifts to each other. Yan Tingyi's Du Lv Yijian in Ming Dynasty: If you ask, you will return it. Legacy, with sound.
5. Fairy couples are in the same boat, or Du Fu once traveled with Cen Can brothers. The book "The History of the Later Han Dynasty: The Biography of Guo Tai (Thailand)": Thailand is in the same boat, and all the guests look forward to it and think it is immortal. Complaint note: spring asks each other and asks each other's legacy. If you move in the future, you will forget to come back.
6 colored pens, that is, "carved five-color pens" (send 40 rhymes to Ambassador Bohua in Xiazhou). There is an allusion to "five-colored pen" in Zhong Rong's poems in the Northern and Southern Dynasties: (Jiang) flooded Xuancheng County, so he went to the pavilion and dreamed of a beautiful woman who called herself Guo Pu and said, "I have a pen in your place for many years, so I can see it again." Immerse yourself in your arms and pick up a five-color pen to teach it. Later, it became a poem, and idioms were no longer used, so it spread to Jiang Lang.
Qian Note: The public poem (left, the second bachelor of Jixian College) says: "I am angry with the house, and my words feel royal." The so-called "crayons to swim dry" is also called (finger-pointing gift). Puzhu: Gong: Ci feels like an emperor, and Yun: Fu poetry is divided into two aspects. According to these two sentences, it is agreed that "the past was colorful and touched by the Lord, and today it is the best way to solve the problem."
7 Xiao Note: The first six songs are all about Chang 'an, and the last two sentences are autistic, so eight songs are summarized. Look at the word "Wang Jinghua" in the second song. Fuck rush. "Wang Yin" looks upward. "Low-spirited" means bowing, and "bitter drooping" means just hanging up and hanging up blindly, agreeing with bitter words such as "bitter words taste thin", "you told me the dangers of adventure" and "bitter words of Jingzhou".
Later generations praised Qiu Xing's eight poems:
Zhang Wan: Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity is vigorous, rich, calm and painful. They have feelings for Chang 'an, but they are extremely vivid and heartfelt. However, the smell of Xu is that anyone who is nostalgic for his hometown, deeply hurts the present, is confused with his husband, is sick at home, and has old customs and ups and downs is looking for each other. The so-called sad, not beyond words. Zhuo's words at home are above the eternal life that Du Zi thinks poets admire.
Hao Jing in Ming Dynasty: Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity, rich in words, heavy in muddy spirit, strong in supporting Jiuding, superior to the three armed forces, really generous. Wang Yuanmei said that his algae embroidery was too much, his skin was too fat, his calligraphy and painting came out but his feelings were not connected, his words were harmonious but his meaning was not tuned, and so on. Because of its thick atmosphere, high and loud, like a stone clock, it can't be precise, and the river is Wan Li, so it is not thousands of miles away. The beauty of the son lies in poetry, which is not only a thread, but also a palace merchant. Eight poems, with smooth rhymes, high-profile words and the best weather, are truly eye-catching and unique.
Chen Tingjing in the Qing Dynasty: "Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity", the sentence meaning is wonderful, based on the composition: like a rhinoceros that scares a chicken, it can be seen everywhere; The combination is like the array of long mountains, and the head and tail correspond. The predecessors all called Marotta Historical Records and Du Ru Hanshu, but Du Chang was the forerunner.
However, there are also different opinions:
Hu Shi: "Eight Poems of Autumn Prosperity", which was handed down by later generations, are actually some difficult poems. This kind of poetry has no literary value at all, just some failed poetry stuff. (History of Vernacular Literature)
Zheng: Carving too much is not a good poem. (The Evolutionary History of China Literature)
Lu Kanru and Feng: Du Fu's poems are "straight into the magic" and "simply unreasonable" (History of China's Poetry) and there is a third opinion. In The Formation of Tang Poetry, Qu Fu in Qing Dynasty pointed out: As many scholars said, the overall situation hangs in the balance. Some people call it wonderful and unique, while others call it useless. Stupidly, if the first argument is not unique in the Tang Dynasty, it is not extreme in this episode; Read one of the eight poems, changing vertically and horizontally, depressed and frustrated, well organized, and excellent in composition and syntax.
My opinion is that although Eight Poems in Autumn is a poem, its level is still slightly different. In my humble opinion, I think the first three songs are the best, the last two are the second, and the last three are the third. The last few songs do have the problem of excessive carving.