Base surname
Bottom [bottom, pronounced dǐ(ㄉㄧˇ]
I. Origin of surname:
The first origin: from the surname Ji, from the famous prostitute of the Western Zhou Dynasty, belonging to Juyi.
According to the history book Mao Shizhen's Preface Jian Zheng, "Yin Jifu is a scholar of Zhou Zhiqing. Yin, the official. "
Wang Fu, a famous family name scientist, recorded in On the Family Names of Zhi Family: "Xuanwang's great achievements are poetic,' Yin's family is the bottom'." Bottom "is now called" Di ". Dojo: This poem by Gallus. Di, Di Gutong, loan words. "
The "bottom" in the "end of the Zhou Dynasty" mentioned by ancient scholars refers to the edge mountain of the Western Zhou Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period, that is, the edge mountain of the ancient Shu State, that is, the current Minshan Mountain. "Yin's, the bottom", that is to say, Yin Jifu has always ensured the border control of the Zhou Dynasty to the southwest border Minshan area.
Minshan Mountain, the southwest border of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, is the source of Bailong River, the upstream of Minjiang River, Fujiang River and Jialing River, and the source of Baihe River and Heihe River, tributaries of the Yellow River. It is located between the border of Sichuan and Gansu, winding from north to south for more than 500 kilometers, so it is called "Qianli Minshan". Gansu is the northern part of Minshan Mountain, which consists of Huaergai Mountain, Guanggai Mountain, Dieshan Mountain and Gumashan Mountain. Sichuan is the south-central part of Minshan, including Honggang Mountain, Yanggongchu Mountain, Zhegu Mountain and Xuebaoding Mountain. It is the main part of Minshan, or Longmen Mountain and Qionglai Mountain are considered as the remaining veins of Minshan. Minshan Mountain is a folded mountain range with strong uplift. The north of the mountain is northwest and the south is northeast. The ridge is 4000 ~ 4500 meters above sea level. Xuebaoding, the main peak, is located more than 20 kilometers east of Songpan County, with an altitude of 5588 meters. It is one of the famous peaks in Sichuan Province. Minshan Mountain in Li Qian is the main birthplace of ancient Shu.
Yin Jifu was a ruling official in the period of Ji Jing in Zhou Xuanwang, and played an important role in "Zhongxing in Wang Xuan". He is an important figure in the history of China, a politician, strategist, poet and philosopher of the slavery dynasty in the Western Zhou Dynasty. His theory of "heaven and man have things" has been mentioned by both Confucianism and Taoism, which has become one of the original sources and citations of Confucianism and Taoism's thought of "harmony between heaven and man"
There are five versions of Yin Jifu's birthplace in history: one is the Western Zhou Dynasty, which put Qingfeng (now Shiyan Qingfeng, Hubei Province), and the other is the Western Zhou Dynasty, which was Fengju (now Nanpi, Cangzhou, Hebei Province); One was from Zhongduyi (now Pingyao, Shanxi) in the Western Zhou Dynasty, one was from Jiangyang (now Shidong, Luzhou, Sichuan) and the other was from Suishan (now Minshan, Sichuan).
In the early years of Zhou Xuanwang (820 BC), the ministers assisted were Zhong, Fang Shu and Zhao Bohu. Among them, Yin Jifu is an important official of the State Affairs Center. Zhou Xuanwang is wise and wise, "appointing talented people" makes "Zhou Shi impressive" and people live and work in peace and contentment, which is inseparable from Yin Jifu's contribution.
In June of the fifth year of Zhou Xuanwang (in April of 823 BC), Zhou moved to Jiaohuo and attacked the north bank of Shuijing, endangering the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. "Wang Xuan tried his best to seek medical treatment and ordered Jifu to attack the stubborn family in the north." Yin Jifu led the army to counterattack Taiyuan and won a great victory. He was also ordered to collect the tributes of ethnic groups such as Nanhuaiyi in Chengzhou (now Luoyang, Henan). His outstanding achievements are highly valued by Zhou Xuanwang. According to the historical book "History of Eastern Zhou Dynasty", "When Wang Xuan was seriously ill and dying in his later years, he summoned Yin Jifu, an old minister, and called the tiger to the couch, saying,' Thanks to Zhu Qing's strength, I have been in office for 46 years, fighting in the south and fighting in the north, and the four seas are peaceful, and cure a disease can't afford it! My uterus is yellow. Although I am old, my nature is quite dark. Your family and others should help me together, so don't replace the world! Cao Cao said, "When Zhou Xuanwang died, he made his sons Zhou Youwang and Yin Jifu prime ministers, and he soon died.
Yin Jifu once wrote "elegance, sublimity". Jifu is eulogizing, and the silence is like the breeze. There are also poems such as Daiya Takamatsu, Daiya Jianghan and Daiya Hanyi. His poems mainly praise and eulogize Zhou Xuanwang's achievements, but also criticize Zhou Xuanwang's faults, such as alienating other virtuous ministers. For example, "Daya Yimin" records: "There is a flaw in the post, and Zhongshan just fills it." "Wang Xuanjun's virtue is also lost, and Zhongshan House can make up for it." Another example is Zhou Xuanwang's satire in "Daya Takamatsu". His poems truly reflect Zhou Xuanwang's "merits and demerits" and make a correct evaluation. Yin Jifu's poems have a great influence on progressive poets in past dynasties.
It is said that Yin Jifu was the basis for the release of Qingfeng (now Shiyan Qingfeng, Hubei Province) in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It was Zhou Xuanwang who ordered the poet Li Sunfu's "The Book of Songs Xiaoya in June" to say: "Che An is as light as a porch; The four horses strode with great strides and were very docile. As for Taiyuan, Wuwenji Prefecture and Wanbang are the constitutions. " "Said zhongxing's life minister, bing bing's collection, Wu Weizhi's classics, giving up Ji Fu inside and outside, stealing the poet's heart. Zhou Shi zhongxing, covered with Shi Gongxun mostly ". The precious cultural relic "Xi Jia Pan" unearthed in the Song Dynasty in Yin Jifu, also known as "Xi Ji Bo Fu Pan", has the inscription 133, which describes the deeds of Ji Fu's conquest of Nan Huaiyi and collection of tributes. Yin Jifu was buried in Qingfeng Mountain in Shiyan after his death, and the inscription still exists today. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, Xia Weining, a magistrate of a county, specially set up a workshop for it, calling it "the hometown of loyalty and filial piety". In the 23rd year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1487), Zhoufang County in Shiyan was rebuilt, and the word "loyalty and filial piety" was engraved in the stone and embedded in the East Gate Tower. It is recorded in Yunyang Fu Zhi, a local chronicle of Shiyan in Qing Dynasty that Yin Jifu was a native of Qingfeng, Hubei Province, and there are still historical relics. Zhang Kaiyin, a tribute student in the Qing Dynasty, once sang the beautiful scenery rhyme of Zhou Fang's cool breeze: "I remember the ancient state of Fangling, and the cool breeze was more secluded. Surrounded by mountains and peaks, temples have clear springs and flowing water. During the Tongzhi period, the immortal Buddha was there, and the Yin cemetery left a monument. " Shu Xincheng's 1947 edition of Ci Hai reads: "Yin Jifu: a man, cultivated the great cause of civil and military affairs, entered Beijing, was ordered to make the Northern Expedition, and returned to Taiyuan one by one." Up to now, there are still poems in the Book of Songs widely read in Qingfeng Mountain, Hubei Province. The Qingfeng Valley was once the place where Marshal He Long led the Red Army. According to folklore, He Long also heard of Yin Jifu in Qingfeng Mountain, Hubei Province.
The basis for saying that Yin Jifu was a tycoon in the Western Zhou Dynasty (now Nanpi, Cangzhou, Hebei) is that there are inscriptions in Nanpi, Cangzhou. Yin Jifu's Tomb is located three kilometers east of Nanpi County, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province. The tomb is now sealed with small earth, and the tombstone is now in the county cultural protection office. He was a famous sage in Zhou Dynasty, and was buried here after his death. 1982 was announced by the people's government of Hebei Province as a key cultural relics protection unit in Hebei Province.
Yin Jifu is the basis of Jiangyang people in ancient Shu (now Shidong, Luzhou, Sichuan), and there is a site of Fuqintai in Yin Jifu, Luzhou, Sichuan. The local chronicles of some places in Shanxi also recorded that Yin Jifu was from Luzhou, Sichuan. The view of the ancient Shu people (now Minshan, Sichuan) is basically the same as before.
Yin Jifu is said to be a native of Zhongduyi (now Pingyao, Shanxi) in the Western Zhou Dynasty on the basis that there are Yin Jifu's desks, tombs, tombstones and other sites in Pingyao, Shanxi. Yin Jifu died and was buried here. His tomb faces south and still exists today. In the 25th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1597), the magistrate Zhou erected a monument in front of the tomb and wrote the book "Zhou Qingshi and Tombstone". This monument was once buried and unearthed at the south of 1983 tomb 100 meters before it was erected in its original position again.
Today, in Hubei, Hebei, Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces, there are historical records and relics of Yin Jifu, and Yin Jifu has a historical reputation in their respective places, and they all think that they belong to their respective places, but no one disputes, which fundamentally demonstrates the birthplace of Yin Jifu.
Yin Jifu's fame has exerted a great influence on China's military, philosophical and cultural fields. Confucius and Laozi admired Yin Jifu very much, but Yin Jifu's fame in modern times was not as great as Zhuge Liang's. For example, Xiangfan in Hubei, Nanyang in Henan, and Zhuge Liang's "Wollongong" during the Three Kingdoms period were fiercely contested. From mayors, cultural celebrities, officials and scholars to ordinary people, they all fight for "celebrity culture". However, Shiyan in Hubei, Cangzhou in Hebei, Luzhou in Sichuan and Pingyao in Shanxi. , never compete for "Yin Jifu celebrity cultural resources".
Yin Jifu's thought of "being a man by nature, having rules and regulations" has been studied and verified by Zhang Dainian, a famous philosopher and scholar of Peking University. He thought it was a philosopher before the times of Confucius and Laozi, and the original origin of China's thought of "the unity of man and nature".
If Yin Jifu was indeed born in the mountain near the ancient Shu kingdom, then from the perspective of Bian Tong and Di Gu Tong, the source of the land country has a clear source. It is reasonable for people in the border mountains of ancient Shu to take Juyi as their surname and call it Di or Di.
According to the ancient book "China Surname Dictionary", "The mother of Lu Gongjuan in the Western Han Dynasty was Di; Downing has a bottom; Ming has the background of governor of Gansu.
The second origin: from the Hui nationality, the last sound of the ancestral surname belongs to the sinicization with the pronunciation of Yi language as the surname.
According to China Hui Dictionary, Di is one of the Hui surnames.
According to the research of Chinese and foreign historians, most Hui surnames come from the transliteration of Arabic common names. For example, in the history of Quanzhou, because of Pu's Hui surname, the Arabic real name abll was taken as the surname, and the Chinese pronunciation was "Pu".
Most Arab men's surnames end with the sound of "den", which is pronounced as "di" or "ni" in Chinese, or confused with "Ni Di", meaning "religious belief". Taking the Chinese ending of ancestors' surnames as surnames is one of the important sources of Hui surnames.
Di's surname of the Hui nationality originated from the ending sound "Ni Di" of the ancestors' surnames, which was translated into "Di" in Chinese, so it was called Di's surname.
The third origin: it originated from Manchu, from the general He Sujia, the Hershu tribe of the Jurchen nationality in the Jin Dynasty, and belonged to the homonym sinicization of the ancestral name, or took refuge and changed its name to Stone.
According to the historical book Yuzhi, A Brief History of Clans and Manchu Eight Banners Surnames, Manchu and Shuoshi are one of the oldest surnames of Manchu, and they are the old surnames of Su and Jia in the State of Jin. The Heshibi tribe lived in Yehe and Wula, Jilin Province, and later changed China's single surname to Heshibi and Shushi.
Among the many generals in the late Jin Dynasty, there was a famous general named He Sujia Emperor Wu. During the reign of Jin Aizong Ning, Shi Zhan and Nu Wa returned to the magistrate's office (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and served as the deputy envoys of the Senate, having the right to participate in politics. Later, he was killed by Pu Cha and government slaves, and Emperor He Sujia replaced Shi Zhan and Nu Wa Huan as the general of Jin State. After the mutiny, Puchaguanu asked the second soldier to call Vosu Wu Jia Di and explained that he meant well and would not hurt him. Emperor He Sujia was very happy to hear this, so he gave each of the two messengers ten gold stars and went to see the census slaves together. Who knows that these two pawns were afraid of being leaked by gold, so they simply killed Wu Sujia on the road.
Shortly after A.D. 1234, Tuo Lei, the Mongolian khanate, joined forces with the Song Dynasty to attack Jin, and Jin Aizong hanged himself, and the State of Jin perished. The descendants of Emperor Wu of He Sujia took the homophonic Chinese character "Emperor" as their surname when they fled, so as not to be hurt by the Mongolian and Song allied forces.
Two. Migration distribution:
Di surname belongs to the national distribution, and various local chronicles and historical sites are scattered. Today, there are Di Han and Hui nationalities in northwest China, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, Gaotou Village and Tanxia Village, Wuji County, Hebei Province, Gancun Village, Monguzzi, Jiumen Village, Gaocheng City, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia, and eastern Hunan Province.
Three. Historical celebrities:
Di Jiaqing: (A.D. 1953 ~ present), Hui nationality; Hanzhong, Shaanxi Famous stamp collector.
Main philatelic products; It also collects sparks and cigarette labels.
Di Jie: (A.D. 1956 ~ present), Hui nationality; People from Haocheng, Hebei. Famous police officer, criminal technical expert.
Senior engineer.
1986 graduated from Hebei College of Political Science and Law Management, and now he is the detachment leader of Zhangjiakou Interpol Detachment, the director of Zhangjiakou Institute of Criminal Technology, and an adjunct professor of China Medical University.
Over the past 20 years, he has participated in directing and solving a series of major criminal cases, and has led the establishment of Zhangjiakou Institute of Criminal Technology, China Medical University's forensic teaching base and forensic identification center.
1992 cooperated with Hacken Lee to complete the development of BC25 micro-comparison measuring instrument. In the same year, he won the second prize of scientific and technological progress of Hebei Provincial Public Security Bureau, declared the national patent, and 1993 won the third prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Public Security.
His main works include the explosion of a TV set, two new methods and tools for on-the-spot investigation and inspection, discussion on developing sweat fingerprints with fluorescent powder, methods and special tools for developing fingerprints with fluorescent powder, etc.
Di Jianping: (AD 1977 ~ present), born in Zhangjiakou, Hebei. Currently working in Beijing.
Di Ruijun: (A.D. 198 1 ~ present), a native of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. The editor of a famous newspaper.