When the mountain is not high (1), the immortal name (2), the water is not deep, and the dragon has spirituality (3). Si (4) is a simple room, but (5) Wu Dexin (6). On the stage, the moss is green and the grass is blue (7). There are scholars (8), but there is no Ding Bai (9). You can tune the pipa (10) and read Jin Dian (1 1). There are (13) random spikes (14) Phyllostachys pubescens (12), and there are no cases (15). Nanyang (17), Zhuge Lu (18), Xiyunzi. Kong Ziyun: Friends of He Lou (19)?
emphasize
Mountain/not high, there are immortals/names. Water/not deep, dragon/spirit. Si/ is a simple room, but I/Dexin. Moss mark/green, grass color/curtain green. Laughter/University, connections/no Ding Bai. You can/tune the pipa and read/read Jin Dian. No/silk bamboo/disorderly ears, no/case/I-shape. Nanyang/Zhuge Lu, Xishu/Ziyunge. Kong Ziyun: "What is it?"
To annotate ...
(1) in: in, verb. (2) Name: Nouns are famous as verbs. (3) Spirit: Adjectives as verbs are supernatural, magical and have aura. (4) Division for the humble room: Division: demonstrative pronoun, this. Yes: the judgment verb. A humble room: a humble room. (5) only: only, as long as. (6) Wu Weidexin: It's just that I (the person who lives in the house) have a high moral character (so I don't feel humble). Dexin: High moral character. In ancient times, smell and aroma were often used to describe people's noble character. Wu: I, here refers to the author, the owner of the humble room. [7] The moss on the upper steps is green, and the grass in the curtain is green: the moss is green and grows to the upper steps; The grass is green and comes into view. It shows that few people come to visit Liu Yuxi. The grass in the curtain is green, but the grass in the courtyard is not removed, which reflects the host's indifferent mentality of fame and fortune and renders a quiet atmosphere. (8) Scholar: A scholar refers to a person with profound knowledge and noble character. H: it's very big. Confucianism: The past refers to a scholar. (9) Ding Bai: civilians. This refers to people with little knowledge. (10) Dior Su Qin: tune and violin, here refers to playing the piano; Simple piano, unadorned piano. (1 1) Golden Sutra: Buddhist Sutra written in clay gold in ancient times, generally referring to Buddhist Sutra. (12) Silk and bamboo: the general term for Qin, Hu, Xiao, flute and other musical instruments, in which "silk" refers to stringed instruments and "bamboo" refers to wind instruments. This refers to the sound of playing music. (13) 1: auxiliary words, used between subject and predicate, cancel the independence of sentences and have no practical significance. (14) disturbing the ear: disturbing the ear (causative usage). Chaos: creating ... disturbance (15) case (dú): official document. Xie, ① Ancient wooden slips. 2 documents; Letters. (16) Fatigue: Exhausting the body (causative usage). Li: Making ... tired. Form, form, body. (17) Nanyang: Place name, now the west of Nanyang City, Henan Province. Before coming out of the mountain, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Wollongong, Nanyang. (18) Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu: Zhuge Liang Caotang in Nanyang and Yangzi Yunting Pavilion in West Shu. These two sentences mean that Zhuge Lu and Ziyunge are both humble and admired because the people in the places where they live are famous. Zhuge Liang, also known as Kong Ming, was the prime minister of Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms period, a famous politician and strategist, and lived in seclusion in Longzhongshan Middle School in Nanyang County before leaving office. Yang Xiong, Zi Ziyun, a writer in the Western Han Dynasty, was born in Chengdu, Shu County. Lu, a humble little house. (19) Friends of He Lou: What's so simple? Auxiliary words, symbols of preposition objects, have no practical significance. The whole sentence means "What's the matter?" See "The Analects of Confucius Zi Han": "Zi wants to live in Jiuyi, or Yue; So what about ugliness? Confucius said,' How can a gentleman be humble if he lives there? "Confucius believes that although Jiuyi is low, there are gentlemen living in it, and it is not low. This paper only uses the meaning of "what is a humble room" and also includes the meaning of "a gentleman's residence". Here, Confucius is quoted to prove that "a humble room is a gentleman's residence, and a humble room is not humble." Echoing the last article, "I am humble, but I am virtuous." "Turning the word" ugly "over completely and reaching the perfect state of" not ugly "is the crowning touch of the full text. It highlights the author's noble and proud sentiment and poor and happy taste. (20) play: play. Indecency, intimacy and nobility
translate
Mountains are famous not because they are high, but because there are immortals (alive); The water is not in its depth, and the dragon has an aura. This is a humble house, but I (the owner of the house) have a high moral character (so I don't feel humble). Green moss climbed the steps to make them green; The color of the grass reflected in the bamboo curtain makes the whole room green. I talk and laugh with people with knowledge and virtue and people without shallow knowledge. I live here and can play the unpretentious piano and read Buddhist scriptures. No loud music disturbs the ears, and no official documents make the body (mind) tired. My home is like Zhuge Liang Caotang in Nanyang and Yang Ziyun Xuanting in West Shu. Confucius said, "What's so simple?"
Writing characteristics
Bixing, the most prominent artistic technique. At the beginning of the article, the metaphor of "mountain" and "water" leads to the humble room and points out the main idea. Compare the humble room to a mountain and a dragon.
Theme of the work
Starting from the theme, Humble Room Ming expresses the humble room by describing the life interests of people who communicate in the humble room. "Humble Room Inscription" shows the author's life attitude of not colluding with the secular, leading an honest and clean life and not pursuing music and entertainment. It expresses the author's noble and proud moral integrity and reveals the author's poverty and happiness. "Ming" is a kind of writing carved on objects in ancient times, which is used to warn oneself or state achievements, and later developed into a style with rhyme characteristics. Liu Yuxi's prose is concise, profound and unique. Humble Room Inscription is one of his masterpieces. Judging from the title, the author is praising the humble room and writing an inscription for it. Actually, it's not. The author is lyrical by borrowing things. Through the description of the humble room, it expresses the author's thoughts and feelings of being willing to humble room and being poor and happy, and shows the author's noble integrity of not being greedy for wealth and not colluding with the secular.
conceive
Viewed from the conception, Humble Room Inscription expresses its ambition by way of contrast. On the other hand, he never mentioned the ugliness of the humble room, but only wrote the ugly side of the humble room. The ugliness was because of virtue, which naturally achieved the purpose of expressing feelings. Expressed the author's noble and proud moral integrity and poor and happy taste.
theme
The full text of 8 1 word can be said to be poor in writing and revealing. The opening words 16 set the tone for the full text. "The mountain is not high, there is a fairy by this name. The water is not deep, and the dragon has spirit. " On the surface, "fairy" and "dragon" add color to the landscape, but in fact they are the masters of my humble abode. The Master of the Humble Room lives in a humble room, but his spiritual thoughts are so rich: The Scholars, The Book of Jin and Su Qin not only describe the ugliness appreciation pursued by the Master of the Humble Room from the aspects of making friends, learning and enjoying, but also the richness of the words Hong, Jin and Su, which are also out of touch with ugliness appreciation. As he himself said, "I am humble, but I am virtuous." He described his noble thoughts and morality with a fragrant aroma, highlighting that the owner of a humble room is not pursuing wealth (no fuss), nor fame and fortune (nothing for nothing), but a clean heart, elegant taste and virtue. The author compares his humble room to Zhuge Lu and Ziyunge, and sets an example to encourage himself. It also shows the author's heart of being poor and happy, so he says, "Why is there inferiority?" By praising the humble room, this inscription expresses the author's attitude towards life, his desire to maintain noble moral integrity, and his interest in life without seeking Wen Da. From this article, we can see that the author pursues elegance and spirit, which makes people feel that the humble room is not simple, that is, the words that directly describe the humble room are "moss marks on the top, grass is green in the curtain", which also makes people feel a little "simple" and gives people more of a hut covered by lush grass, full of vitality. Really, the full text of the humble room is only 8 1, which has three meanings. The first floor (1~3 sentences) points out the main idea by analogy: "I am a humble room, but I am virtuous." Taking "mountain" and "water" as metaphors of "house" and "fairy" and "dragon" as metaphors of "owner", it is pointed out that the theme of the article is "only I am fragrant", and the humble room is not humble. The second floor (sentences 4~7) describes the living environment, guests coming and going, and daily life, revealing the connotation of "Dexin": the environment is beautiful and elegant, reflecting the quiet and indifferent mood of the room owner; A knowledgeable visitor shows the owner's elegant and refined feelings; The natural and comfortable life shows the owner's interest in poverty and happiness and his aversion to secular life, thus pointing out that "virtue and fragrance" are the reasons for "ignorance in humble rooms" The third layer (8~9 sentences) compares my humble room with Zhuge Lu and Ziyunge, and ends the whole article with Confucius' words, implicitly expressing the author's elegance as a gentleman, echoing the beginning "I am the only one who is fragrant".
means of expression
The author quoted He Lou's intention of "humble room is not humble" and "being honest only", which dominated the whole article. In terms of expression, Humble Room Inscription integrates description, lyricism and discussion. By describing the elegant environment of the "humble room" and the elegant demeanor of the master, I express my noble and quiet feelings. The writing techniques of Humble Room Inscription are complicated, including comparison, sketch, suggestion, allusions, metonymy and analogy. Rhyme, strong sense of rhythm. It reads naturally and smoothly, and the song is full of echoes, which makes people memorable. Judging from the sentence pattern, Humble Room Ming is mainly parallel prose, with neat sentence pattern, clear rhythm and harmonious phonology, giving people a visual aesthetic feeling. However, the sentence "What is humble?" The inscription in my humble room is also a loose sentence. Therefore, in the sentence structure, "Humble Room Ming" is a combination of parallel prose, which makes the article have a bright rhythm, patchwork language, cadence, harmonious and pleasant feeling to read, and gives people the aesthetic feeling of music. At the same time, the article is mainly composed of five words, with four words and six words in the middle, so the sentence patterns are uneven and the article rhymes to the end. Judging from the clues, the concept of "only I am fragrant" runs through the whole paper: at the beginning, it leads to "only I am fragrant", then it expresses "only I am fragrant" from the aspects of room environment, communication and daily life, and finally sets off "only I am fragrant" with "Zhuge Lu" and "Zi". This is the author's subjective feeling.
Writing method
With the help of humble reasoning, the article expresses the noble character of the author with lyrical style. He sees reason in everything and shows emotion in the scene. It can be said that "love is born of scenery, and scenery is born of love." In this way, the author's leisure and the beautiful scenery of the room are written implicitly and vividly. This article skillfully uses allusions. Take Zhuge Lu and Ziyun Pavilion for example, and quote Confucius: "What's wrong?" Explain that the humble room is not humble, thus enhancing the credibility and persuasiveness of the article's reasoning. In short, the author does not flaunt himself as a "gentleman" in the article, but respects morality and studies law as a gentleman, showing a detached and optimistic attitude towards life setbacks and career bumps. Only in this way, we regard it as a lyric poem praising the humble room, to show the host's indifferent and elegant life interest, rather than an essay explaining that the humble room is not humble.
first part
(1-3 sentence): The Book of Humble Rooms begins with mountains and rivers, which leads to the topic, which not only appears extraordinary, but also lays the foundation for the Book of Humble Rooms to praise merits in the future. The mountain may not be high or low, and the water may not be deep. As long as there is a dragon, you can be famous. Therefore, although you live in a humble place, you are "fragrant" because of your master's virtue. In other words, of course, the humble room can be famous because of the existence of people with high moral quality, and its reputation can be spread far and wide, and a stone can be carved to commemorate it. Ordinary landscapes give birth to dragons, and humble rooms can of course spread incense through people with high moral quality. This skill of using force is really wonderful, and it can also be described as the author's original creation. In particular, the fairy dragon is the crowning touch of the landscape, and the conception is wonderful. "I am a humble room, but I am virtuous and fragrant", which begins with a fairy tale of mountains and rivers. The author turned his pen and went straight to the subject, which seemed abrupt, but when I looked back, it was seamless, because the comparative sentence above just paved the way for the introduction of this sentence. It also points out the reason why the humble room is not humble, which is the word "good faith" From this point of view, the author wrote this essay after repeated thinking, which is definitely not a temporary inspiration. A quatrain can be an epiphany, but the seamless connection is the accumulation and repeated deliberation of usual skills.
the second part
(4-7 sentences): These sentences describe the simple room environment and colorful daily life. "The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green. There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university. You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian. There is no confusion of bamboo and bamboo, and the case has nothing to do. " It is the author's summary of the life of people with high moral quality. After the author's interest was clarified in the previous words, the reader's thoughts also entered a good situation. At this time, readers are more likely to accept the author's ideas. He hinted at the author's quiet mind with the elegant color of green on the moss scar, and immediately pointed out the life state of immortal life full of vitality in peace with the vitality of cyan, using metonymy rhetoric. Make friends, know friends, are noble people, study classics on the piano, and live a leisurely life. Away from noisy music and depressing official duties, such a leisurely life is really enviable. This kind of life style, which is both like a hermit and a secular life, is envied by nobles and yearned for by ordinary people. Through these descriptions, we can see a picture of a fairy's life and express the elegant life interest of the humble owner. Note: the sixth sentence is a positive description, indicating that the author is calm and calm; The seventh sentence is a negative description, which shows the author's rejection of secular life.
the third part
(8-9 sentences): The conclusion quotes "Kong Ziyun: What's the matter?" Quote the words of the ancients, wrap up the whole article, and explain that the humble room is "not ugly" Expressed his pursuit of the highest moral quality of feudal ethics at that time. Perhaps Liu Yuxi's highest requirement for his moral quality is to use the ethical norms affirmed by saints and demand himself. This conclusion, no matter what the content means, combined with the meaning of the question, is ingenious. Because feudal ethics takes Confucian moral standards as the highest moral standards, the affirmation of Confucius saints also gives the best conclusion for his moral quality theory. The thesis should have arguments, and quoting Confucius' sacred words as arguments is undoubtedly the best argument at that time, which is sufficient and irrefutable. "Nanyang Zhuge Lu, West Shu Zi Ting Yun". The author compares Zhuge Liang's thatched cottage in Nanyang with the Xuanting in Yang Zi Yun of Xishu, which leads to his humble abode and the meaning that Zhuge Liang and Yang Xiong are his companions. It also shows that the author regards these two as his role models and hopes that he can have noble moral conduct like them, which embodies his thought of taking the ancient sages as his own responsibility, and also implies that burrow is not humble. In fact, there is another meaning in Liu Yuxi's writing, that is, Zhuge Liang is waiting for the sage to come out in the hut in the middle of the country. What about Yang Xiong? But he is a scholar with fame and fortune and devoted himself to reading. Although he is a top official, his indifference to the ups and downs of official positions and money is a model for future generations. Liu Yuxi quoted the meaning of these two people. What he wants to express is: don't be chaotic in times of crisis, don't be afraid in times of crisis, stick to moral integrity, and don't be surprised by honor or disgrace. I don't want to go with the flow, but I want to show my ambition when I meet the wise Lord of SHEN WOO. If I don't have a wise Lord, I would like to be plain. This combination with the ups and downs of Liu Yuxi's officialdom is more in line with the actual situation. It can be said that the theme of this essay is to express the author's noble sentiment of being indifferent and not serving through the description and praise of the humble room, and to reflect his noble character of not colluding with the powerful.
Key verse
I am a humble room, but I am virtuous. Sentences reflecting the quiet environment of the humble room: the moss on the stage is green, and the curtain is green. A sentence that reflects the author's elegant communication: There are great scholars in laughter, but there is no Ding Bai in communication. Sentences reflecting the author's interest in activities: You can tune the piano and read Jin Dian. There is no confusion, and there is no complicated form. The author compares himself to ancient celebrities: Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu. A finishing touch in the full text: Kong Ziyun: What's the matter?