Year: Tang Dynasty
Author: Du Fu
Title: Sleeping on the boat with a pillow, presenting a lake. ...
Content:
Xuanyuan Hugh ruled the country, but Yu Shun didn't play the piano.
Blowing the wrong horn is still half-hearted.
Sages have existed since ancient times and have been sick for many years.
Ships often rely on earthquakes, and lakes are flat early.
If you smell Ma Rongxiao, if you lean on the clock.
The old country is sad and cold, and the clouds are gloomy.
The water town is covered with white houses, and the maple bank is covered with green cen.
Gloomy winter, misty rain and stagnation.
Drums greet non-sacrificial ghosts and bounce like owls.
When you are exhausted, you are bored, and you can't help worrying.
Life is gone, komori.
I suspect it's a crossbow, but it's a hairpin crown if I stay for a long time.
Di Wei was surprised by the leading result, and Liu Xin was elected to the cabinet.
Going crazy will eventually make me feel comfortable, and I will thank you for it.
I'm safe. Your precious jade is the first time.
Wu Ji was heavily tied and her clothes were inch by inch.
Sorrow is the same as Yu Xin, and is described as a different Chen Lin.
Kudzu ten summers, Chu anvil three creams.
Where to accompany the brocade tent, play the white-headed song for a long time.
It is difficult to meet in front of the park, and it is easy to sink if you forget the plane.
Eat a few pills and you will get nearly four gold.
Spring grass seals hatred, and the source is alone.
Turn worry into calmness, and illness into medicine.
He chased Pan Yue and looked for Deng Lin in danger.
Take a walk and be grateful to your bosom friend.
However, he pretended to stutter and boasted about Zhou and Song Dynasties.
When you are fascinated by sweat, you will get a good job.
This city is full of talented people, and Song Jun is full of blue invertors.
Wear a face for beauty, run away from it for beauty.
Lang Jian is stupid and straight, and God looks after him.
Sun still relies on risks, but Hou Jing is not captured alive.
The letters are wide and the battle is deep.
Fear people for thousands of miles, ask the vulgar Kyushu for advice.
The blood is still there, and the sound of the army has moved to this day.
Ge Hong's body will be disposed of, while Xu will still serve.
You can't get out when you do housework.
Read Du Fu's last poem "Thirty-six Rhymes of Sleeping on a Boat in a Storm for Friends and Family in Hunan"
"Thirty-six rhymes of a book cup on a stormy boat are presented to relatives and friends in central Hunan", and Zhao Qiu is regarded as Du Fu's last poem. This poem is Du Fu's summary of his wandering life, and it can also be said that it is a poem written by himself. There is a cloud in the poem: "Xuanyuan will not recreate the Dharma, and Yu Shun will stop playing the piano. Blowing the wrong horn is still half-hearted. Sages have existed since ancient times and have been sick for many years. Ships often rely on earthquakes, and the lake sees early. "
The source of the first eight sentences, each of which is unique, is applied to the fairy tales of Huangdi and Yu Shun that are not found elsewhere in the mouth of the Miluo River in Dongting Lake, in order to cut them into poetic places.
Xuanyuan Xiuzhi, a classic from Hanshu Laws and Regulations, says: "The Yellow Emperor made Lingluo, from Xiaxi to Kunlun Shadow, and took twelve bamboo tubes to listen to Fengming, with six males and six females, more than the palace of Huang Zhong, and all of them were born, which is a law book. Governing the world, the qi of heaven and earth is in harmony with the wind; The spirit of heaven and earth is positive, and the twelve laws are statutory. "
Yu Shun stopped playing the piano. In Historical Records: "Shun used to play banjo and sing the south wind". Wang Su was quoted as saying in Xieji: "The south wind is also a nourishing poem." What he said was, "It is possible to solve the worries of our people."
In ancient times, there was a top mountain on the bank of Miluo River, and there was Xuanyuantai on the mountain. According to the Qing Kangxi's "Lotus Pond Spectrum", "Shending Mountain is named after the Yellow Emperor". There are also records in Xiangyin County Records, Yuezhou Records and Dongting Lake Records in the Ming and Qing Dynasties: "Emperor Xuanyuan made a southern tour to Leishiling, Zhang Le (where the Miluo River enters Dongting Lake), and at dusk to Phoenix Terrace (at the mouth of the Miluo River). According to the Ming Dynasty's Records of Places of Interest, "There is a tomb of concubines on Huangling Mountain (near the mouth of Miluo River), which is recorded in ancient biographies. It's Shun's southern tour, and the ancient road is between Hunan and Hunan.
"boating often depends on earthquakes, and seeing ginseng early in the lake" records the poet's journey and returns to the north by boat. The ship is sailing on the lake. The word "truth" in "one truth" is interpreted as "the leaf of the East" according to the Book of Changes. The word "lake" mentioned certainly refers to Dongting Lake. The location of Miluo River is in the southeast of Dongting Lake. That is, the lower reaches of the Miluo River. Because the lake is flat, it is often seen in the morning.
All these fully show that Du Fu's poem "Riding the Wind and Breaking the Boat" was written on the way back to the North, focusing on the intersection of Xiangshui, Dongting Lake and Miluo River. After arriving at Leishiling, Phoenix Terrace, Huangling Mountain, Feier Dusk and other places, I felt that it was because of the thought of "supreme governance" of Huangdi and Yu Shun, not just because the poet himself mourned the past and hurt the present.
"The old country is sad and cold, and the clouds are miserable. The water town has a white roof and a clear maple bank. Gloomy winter inflammation, misty rain stagnation. "
The poet further pointed out the boat trip to Hunan and Zeguo and what he saw on the boat. The boat sailed near the shore of the lake, and the green hills and maple forests on the shore overlapped vividly. It is the end of winter (five years of Dali), and we dare to wait in Xiangyin and Pingjiang mountainous areas along the Miluo River.
"Spring grass roots, source alone. Turn worry into calmness, and illness into medicine. He chased Pan Yue and looked for Deng Lin in danger. Take a walk and be grateful to your bosom friend. It's just a fake tongue of Su Shou, praising Zhou Song. "
Du Fu originally returned to the north with confidence, but in the end, because he couldn't stand the blow of the cold wind, his family was poor and his old illness recurred, he had to change his mind and stop going north. "Turn the tent" and "take medicine", this is Du Pu's feeling that she can't return to the plan. Her long journey is over, and her young girl is attacked by the disease and dies prematurely on the side of the road (people in Hengzhou's poems once mentioned that this woman is still nursing, and there is a saying called "a woman who is still nursing in her room"). She is very ill and very sad. However, he did not forget the disaster that happened in his own country. Instead, he borrowed Tao Yuanming's words of "seeking the source alone and paying for it" and gave him illusions about Zhongxing in the Tang Dynasty, idealized the rule of Zhenguan, and imagined that Emperor Taizong would rescue the people from the quagmire. As a result, we are congenial friends in different places. With the golden mouth of "fake Su Qin's tongue, praising Zhou and Song", we look for Deng Lin, find a mountain to rest and send patients.
The main reason for "loosening" is "getting sick from practicing medicine" and "being tied up by several black feet, quail clothes are inch by inch." Gratitude lies in bosom friends. By this time, the poet's illness was explosive and he was sweating profusely, so he couldn't tell. At that time, the Dongting Lake area was very desolate and there was nowhere to seek medical treatment. The wind on the lake is very strong, which is not good for the patient's health. Where's the family? A poor family wore a quail coat inch by inch, and a table was so worn that it needed to be tied with a rope. Therefore, he had to visit his distant relatives, Changjiang county magistrate and bosom friend. In the spring of the fourth year of Dali, the poet left Yueyang for Tanzhou and Chenzhou, and started from Peiyin's former residence (now Xiangyin). He once wrote the poem "Accompany Pei Deng Yueyang Tower", "Courtesy to Xu Ruzi, Poetry meets Xie Xuancheng". It is written that Du Fu compared himself to Xu Zhi, a famous person in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and compared Pei to Chen Fan, a corporal of the Ministry of Rites. It can be seen that Du Fu was treated very well in Yueyang for several months. Xie Xuan refers to Xie Tiao, a poet of the Southern and Northern Dynasties. He writes beautifully and is good at five-character poems. He used to be the magistrate of Xuancheng, so he is also known as Xie Xuancheng. Here, Du Fu compared Pei to Xie Tiao and praised him. "Poetry follows" is Du Fu's correct way of singing Pei's poems. With such courtesy and enthusiasm, Mr. Pei went upstairs to enjoy the lakes and mountains together. At this moment, Du Fu was so excited. Du Fu told Pei in Yueyang that he was also very happy. When you see an old friend who is hungry and cold, so lonely, it is inevitable to give him warm hospitality. Therefore, when Du Fu was in Yueyang, he took spiritual and material comfort. So there is "snow covers plums, and spring mud is full of grass." Dare to disobey the fisherman's question and go south from now on Pei also has a thatched cottage in Changjiang. Li Bai mentioned in many places in his poems that he made a special trip to Baimaji (now Xiangyin County) to visit Pei Yin (once lived in Baimaji and had a thatched cottage in Changjiang). Jia Vegetation also had contacts with him when he was exiled to Yuezhou. According to his poem "Giving Pei Jiu to Unload the Yangtze River Caotang to Play the Piano", he has been to the Yangtze River Grass and personally listened to Pei Yin playing the piano. Li Bai, Jia Zhi, Pei Yin and Du Fu are all poets who are friendly and intimate friends. According to Records of Pingjiang County in Ming and Qing Dynasties and genealogy of surnames such as Xu, Liu, Bai, Chen and Li in this county, "After the Anshi Rebellion in Tianbao 14th year (A.D. 75), Xu, the minister of the Ministry of Industry and assistant minister of the Ministry of War, was once Dr. Rong Yinqing Guanglu, assistant ministers Liu Guangqian, Bai Qi, Chen Xilie and Lu. Xu Ju abdicated and built a temple in Sandun, 50 miles north of the county seat. Liu Ju came to power and built Changqing Temple at the foot of the Shogun Mountain, 90 miles north of the county seat. Baiju Jutai, building Baishui Temple in Baishui, 60 miles south of the county; Chen Ju went to Taiwan and built a returning temple in Changshouling, east of the county seat. Lu built an octagonal temple in Bajiao Village, 60 miles west of the county seat. Li thought about sitting next to his brother, changing his surname to Meng Anfu, living in Xixiang and building Jiufeng Temple. After death, there were tombs and towers in all six places. This is the historical story of the Tang Dynasty. Six countries hid Pingjiang River and four townships built six temples. Du Fu and Liu Xiang are both colleagues. They used to work together with North Korea in Beijing. As the illness worsened, they went to Changjiang to vote for his distant relative, Peiyin, the magistrate of Changjiang County, and these intimate friends. It is this kind of mood and truth of "turning worries into calmness and taking medicine to get sick".
"Liu Na fan Hao Han, Qinshan of Junzhi. This city is full of talented people, and Song Jun is full of blue invertors.
"Liu Na" contains a trickle, "Hao Han", which is deep and wide; "Junzhi" has a higher terrain. This further points out that Du Fu entered a tributary of East Dongting Lake by boat. Which tributary did Du Fu enter? The sentence "Junzhi" in the poem shows that there are continuous mountains and rivers along the tributary, a beautiful city and a yamen. This "smart city" has the beautiful scenery of "Song Yunqi Bixun". In East Dongting Lake, there are no continuous mountains, and Xiangjiang River is the mainstream, not a tributary. So Du Fu's boating place is not Xiangyin County. Baling is in the north of Dongting Lake, not a mountainous area, and there are no tributaries. Only the Yangtze River (Pingjiang) has tributaries in East Dongting Lake. So Du Fu went up the Miluo River in the late autumn of the fifth year of Dali and arrived near Changjiang City at the end of the year. Changjiang County was in Zhongxianping at that time. Located in the middle and upper reaches of Miluo River. There is shogunate mountain in the north, and the main peak is more than 1500 meters above sea level, which is connected with Huanglong Mountain in Jiangxi. On the top of the mountain, there is the site of the immortal altar of Ge Hong. There is Li Anyun Mountain in the southeast, and the main peak is 1600 meters above sea level. From the East Dongting Lake to the Miluo River, it reaches the Yangtze River, with undulating mountains, green peaks and beautiful scenery. Du Fu came to this paradise full of talent and wisdom to recuperate. However, his illness is getting worse and worse, and he knows that he will not be able to bear it, and it is difficult to prolong his life. Wounded and dying, I accomplished nothing but tears.
Finally, "it is easy to get away from wearing a face for beauty." Lang Jian is stupid and straight, and God looks after him. Gongsun still relies on risks and has not been captured alive. His letters are extensive and his battles are profound. Fear people thousands of miles, and ask for advice from Jiuzhou. The blood flow is still the same, and the sound of the military has been moved to this day. Ge Hong's body is determined, but Xu is difficult to serve. Family affairs must be solved, and nothing can be done. Among them, words such as "Xu Jing" and "housework" mean that you can't settle down like Xu Jing, and your family can't be safe. You can't help but express the helpless pain and dying life in your chest, which is still closely related to the misfortune of the country and the disaster of the people. Still warning the people: "Lang Jian is stupid and loyal, and the emperor is really glorious. Gongsun is still in danger and has not been captured alive. " "The blood flow is still there, and the military voice has been moved to this day." Express the poet's sincere feelings of worrying about the country and the people and caring about the national economy and people's livelihood wholeheartedly. The purpose of giving gifts to relatives and friends in Hunan is to entrust orphans to write poems for burial. After this poem, it was buried in Tianjing Lake, Ota, not far from the county seat. His son Wen zong died young, and two cases of Wu were only seventeen years old and had not yet got married. Because of his poor family and wartime, he had to stay in Pingjiang, get married and reproduce from generation to generation. There are still spies in Dujiadong area, which can be used for reference.
Chen Shi, a courtier in the Song Dynasty, said, "When Yu Xining first started to pay attention to Hongzhi (in the first year of Xi Ning, AD 1068), Xu Xiucai, a fellow courtier of Yang Zhai, wrote a poem written by his father, the name of which was forgotten. Seeing that it is unremarkable, the ancients could not copy it. " He passed by the grave of the Ministry of Industry and wrote a poem: "When the water meets Miluo, the heart of heaven is deep. Waiting for death in the Ministry of Industry to accompany the doctor's soul. A lasting legacy, coquettish * * * a source. Jiangshan does not hang, cold comes and summer goes. "