Immersed in the trace, the path is destroyed. I am destined to farm, and I will rest from where I am.
Mulberry and bamboo are shaded, millet is prepared for art, spring silkworm is harvested, and autumn silkworm is taxed.
The deserted road warms the traffic, and chickens and dogs bark at each other. Cowpea is ancient, but clothes are not new.
Children and grandchildren sing, and they are happy in vain. Grass glory knows peace, and wood decay knows strength.
Although there is no Ji Lizhi, he is four years old. Why bother to entangle wisdom when you are happy!
Strange traces hide 500, and once a fairy opens them. Being thin is both a different source and a secluded source.
Excuse me, travel alchemist, how to measure the hubbub? I would like to whisper, hold high, and ask me to make an appointment.
Tao Yuanming wrote the Peach Blossom Garden in prose and poetry. "Peach Blossom Garden" mainly describes the fisherman's access to the Peach Blossom Garden and what he saw and heard there. Poetry of Peach Blossom Garden tells the peace and tranquility of people's lives in Peach Blossom Garden in a poet's tone. Taohuayuan's poems are rich in content, which is very helpful for us to understand Tao Yuanming's intention and ideal of life in describing Taohuayuan, and it is worth reading with Taohuayuan. Now the Peach Blossom Garden Poetry is transcribed as follows:
Get the world, then avoid it. Huang Qi Mountain, Iraqis also died. Immersed in the trace, the path is destroyed.
I am destined to farm, and I will rest when I enter. Mulberry and bamboo are shaded, millet is prepared for art, spring silkworm is harvested, and autumn silkworm is taxed. A deserted road warms the traffic, and chickens and dogs bark at each other. Cowpea is ancient, but clothes are not new. Children and grandchildren sing, and they are happy in vain. Grass tea knows harmony, wood rot knows wind. Although there is no Ji Lizhi, he is four years old. When you are happy, why bother with wisdom?
Strange traces have been hidden for 500 years, once our god. Pure and thin are different sources, rotating or hidden. Excuse me, travel alchemist, how to measure the hubbub? I would like to whisper, hold high, and ask me to make an appointment.
The first paragraph, describing and explaining the origin of Taohuayuan people, has the same meaning as that recorded in "The Story of Taohuayuan", that is, "the ancestors of Ziyun avoided the chaos of the Qin Dynasty and led their wives to this desperate situation, so they were separated from outsiders". However, this poem specifically lists the examples of Huang () and Qi (Qili Chicken) going up the mountain when they avoided Qin, so as to imply that the people in the Peach Blossom Garden have the same interests as these ancient sages, or that these sages took them to the Peach Blossom Garden.
The second paragraph introduces the life scenes of people in the Peach Blossom Garden. First write that people in the Peach Blossom Garden take part in labor, work at sunrise and rest at sunset. "Let's work together" means greeting each other and working hard. "Autumn tax collection" means that when the autumn harvest comes, the fruits of labor belong to the workers and there is no need to pay taxes to the government, indicating that there is no feudal exploitation and oppression. Then write that people live in harmony, still maintaining ancient etiquette, and clothes are also ancient styles. The children sang heartily and the old man played freely. Finally, I wrote that everything there was natural and comfortable. With the natural changes of seasons, we can adjust our life and work, so we don't even need a calendar, let alone try our best to think and disturb.
In the third paragraph, the poet expressed his views and feelings. "Five hundred people lived in seclusion" means that from the Qin Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty, people in the Peach Blossom Garden lived in seclusion for 500 years (roughly speaking, it was actually about 600 years). "Once upon a time" means that the Peach Blossom Garden was discovered by fishermen, revealing the secrets of this fairytale world. "Seclusion" means that the Peach Blossom Garden was cut off from the outside world as soon as it opened, which is what the Peach Blossom Garden story said. When people read this, they often think that since the fisherman left the Peach Blossom Garden, he has been "full of ambition". How can he never find it again? If you carefully read the poem Peach Blossom Spring, you will find that the poet has answered this question, that is, "thinness and thinness are different sources", which means that the shallowness of secular life in Peach Blossom Spring and the simplicity of folk customs are incompatible and absolutely different. Just imagine, if it is really in such a peach blossom garden, and it is really discovered by Liu Ziji and others, can it still exist independently? At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wars were frequent, corvees were heavy and people fled. The poet's description of people's lives in the Peach Blossom Garden is so peaceful and harmonious, which is a denial of the dark reality. For thousands of years, I don't know how many people have discussed the existence of Peach Blossom Garden. Some people say that when they fled the chaos, many people really went to the deep mountains and wild forests and lived an ideal life in the hinterland. But can this ideal be equated with Peach Blossom Garden? Obviously not, because the life scene in the Peach Blossom Garden is idealized by the poet. "If you ask a wandering alchemist, how can you measure the noise outside?" It means that ordinary people in the world can't really understand the life scenes outside the hubbub (Peach Blossom Garden). "I am willing to whisper, and hands in the air will look for my contract." This is the poet expressing his feelings, which is very romantic. It means that I hope I can take off in the breeze and pursue like-minded people (obviously including ancient sages and people in the Peach Blossom Garden mentioned at the beginning of the poem).
Xiao Tong's Biography of Tao Yuanming said: "Yuan Ming doesn't know the melody, but he is guarding a stringed piano, which is suitable for every wine and needs to be fondled to convey his feelings." You can't play the string piano. You play with it to "convey its meaning" and describe a beautiful paradise. Although it is out of reach in reality, it is just to "convey its meaning."
From the above simple analysis, Peach Blossom Garden Poetry is indeed more specific and detailed than Peach Blossom Garden in some aspects. Peach Blossom Garden is limited to what fishermen have seen and heard. Fishermen have not stayed in Taohuayuan for a long time and have limited knowledge. Peach Blossom Garden poetry is more flexible and free, and it is also convenient for poets to express their feelings directly. Therefore, if you read Peach Blossom Spring, you have to read Peach Blossom Spring Poetry.
It should be noted that some people think that it is a negative retrogression to praise "ancient law" instead of "wisdom" in Taohuayuan's poems. This is not really understanding the original intention of the poet's writing. The so-called "ancient law", although a kind of sustenance, expresses the simple yearning for ancient society, rather than reversing history; The so-called "why use wisdom" is actually an expression of hatred and negation of intrigue and intrigue in secular life. As pointed out by predecessors, Tao Yuanming is a man who is "interested in the world" and "wants to do but not do it". He has his own ideals, which can't be realized. This is the essence of his thought. We must pay attention to this when reading his works.
translate
Qin Shihuang's tyranny disrupted human discipline, so the sages fled the world and lived in seclusion. Huang Qi and others fled from troubled times, and lived in goodness at the end of Qin Dynasty. People in the Peach Blossom Garden are also reclusive. The path into the Peach Blossom Garden gradually disappeared, such as the road leading to the Peach Blossom Garden, which was deserted and abandoned. Taohuayuan people encourage each other, urge each other, join in farming, work at sunrise and rest at sunset. Mulberry trees and bamboo forests are hung in the shade, beans and cereals are planted with seasons, and silk is harvested in spring, but no taxes are paid in autumn. Weeds blocked the traffic with the outside world, and chickens and dogs heard about each other. Sacrifice is still a ritual in the pre-Qin period, and there is no new clothing style. Children sing at will, while old people play happily. The lush vegetation makes people realize that spring is coming and the horizon is warm; The withering of trees lets people know that the cold wind is fierce and autumn and winter are coming. Although there is no record of 18 years old in the almanac, the four seasons naturally change and you get old in one week. Life is very happy, what is there to worry about? The miracle of Taohuayuan has lived in seclusion for more than 500 years. Today, however, it has opened the fairy-like realm of Peach Blossom Garden to the world. The simple atmosphere in the Peach Blossom Garden is different from the source of human feelings, and the Peach Blossom Garden revealed later is hidden. How can a secular person know anything beyond the secular? I want to fly high in the breeze and find like-minded people.
Extrapoetic words
Since the end of the Han Dynasty, the Central Plains has been in turmoil and wars have continued. There are many records in the history books that people fled to the deep mountains and forests to seek a stable life. Poets are familiar with history, have experienced disasters and disasters, and have personally experienced the disasters brought by war to the people. At the same time, the ups and downs of officialdom, look on coldly, but also know that the officialdom is dark and the people are suffering. Therefore, he yearned for a stable life in a peaceful environment without wars and wars, dynasty changes, respect and taxes. All kinds of legends and stories, all kinds of beautiful fantasies, together with * * *, gave birth to the yearning poetry prose: Peach Blossom Spring Story and Peach Blossom Spring Poetry.
the Peach Garden
During the Jin-Tai-Yuan period, Wu Lingren took fishing as his occupation. Walk along the stream and forget the distance. Suddenly I met the peach blossom forest and grabbed the shore for hundreds of steps. There are no miscellaneous trees in it, and the grass is delicious and colorful. Fishermen are very different. If you go any further, you will want to be poor.
If there is no water in the forest, make a mountain. The mountain has a small mouth and seems to have light. Leave the ship and enter through the mouth. Only by being narrow at first can we understand people. Take a few steps and you will be suddenly enlightened. The land is flat and spacious, so is the house. There are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboo. The traffic in the building is so busy that chickens and dogs hear each other. Some men and women dressed like strangers. Yellow hair, happy.
Seeing the fisherman, he was shocked and asked him what he had not done. Answer with "all". I will (yāo, through the "invitation") return to China and put wine to kill the chicken for food. When the village heard about this man, Xian came to inquire. Since Master Yun avoided the chaos of the Qin Dynasty and led his wife to this desperate situation, he never came back, so he was isolated from the outside world (Jian). You ask what this world is, and I don't know if there are any Han Chinese, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. The man is full of regret for what he said and heard. The others went home, eating and drinking. Stop for a few days and resign. China has a saying: "It is not enough to be a humanitarian."
Help the road when you get off the boat, and you are determined everywhere. And the county, Yi Taishou, said so. The satrap means to send someone with him to find what he wants, get lost, get lost.
Liu Ziji, a noble family, heard about it and gladly did it. If you fail, you will find the disease. Nobody took care of it after that. Taohuayuan translation
In the first year of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a Wuling man who took fishing as his profession. One day, he rowed along the stream and forgot how far it was. Suddenly I met a peach blossom forest. Peach trees have grown hundreds of steps close to both sides of the stream (the steps here are ancient units of calculation, not modern steps). There are no other trees in the middle, wild flowers and weeds are bright and beautiful, and there are many fallen flowers on the ground. The fisherman was surprised by this. Go further and want to go to the end of Taolin.
Taolin ended where the stream originated, so a mountain appeared. There was a small hole in the mountain, and there seemed to be light in the hole. The fisherman left the boat and got in through the hole. At first, the hole was very narrow, and only one person could pass through. After dozens of steps, it suddenly became open and bright. The land here is flat and open, the houses are neat, and there are fertile fields, beautiful ponds and mulberry and bamboo scenery. The fields are criss-crossed, and the crowing of chickens and dogs can be heard from village to village. People there come and go to farm and work, and men and women dress exactly like the world outside the Peach Blossom Garden. Old people and children are carefree and have a good time.
People in Taoyuan were surprised to see the fisherman and asked him where he came from. The fishermen answered them one by one. They invited fishermen to their homes and cooked with wine to kill chickens. When people in the village heard that there was such a person, they all came to ask for information. They themselves said that the ancestors of the previous generation came to this isolated place with their wives, children and fellow villagers in order to avoid the war in the Qin Dynasty, and never went out again, and finally they were isolated from the world outside the Peach Blossom Garden. They asked what dynasty it was, but they didn't know that there had been the Han Dynasty, let alone the Wei and Jin Dynasties. One by one, the fisherman told them what he knew in detail, and these people all sighed and regretted it. Others invited fishermen to their homes, and they all served them wine and food. The fisherman stayed here for a few days and then left. People here told him, "Please don't tell people outside the Peach Blossom Garden."
After the fisherman left the Peach Blossom Garden, he found his boat, walked back along the way he came, and made marks everywhere. Back in Wuling county, I went to visit the satrap and reported these situations. The satrap immediately sent someone to follow him, looking for the mark he had made before, but he got lost and couldn't find the mark left by the fisherman any more.
Liu Ziji, Nanyang people, nobles and celebrities. When he heard this, he happily planned to go. I didn't find the target and soon died of illness. Since then, no one has explored the road to the Peach Blossom Garden.