(Reprinted)
Learn to rhyme in ten minutes (turn)
Writing this post does not mean that I am an expert in writing metrical poems, on the contrary. I only know a little about the basic format of metrical poems. The ancient people wrote metrical poems in seventeen or eighteen formats. But as modern people, most of them are thinking about poetry. So there is no need to delve into those complicated formats, just know the four most basic formats. A thousand moves are not as good as one move. Learn these four basic forms of metrical poems, and no one will say that your metrical poems are in the wrong format. People who have just written regular poems are afraid. They think the format is too strict and complicated. In fact, metrical poetry is still metrical. I refined and summarized what I learned and compiled this article. It takes only ten minutes to learn it, because people can psychologically eliminate their fear of metrical poetry. Second, within ten minutes, we need to learn only the most basic things, not all. The foundation is laid, and the rest is logical. And ten minutes is enough to learn the basics. If you need to consolidate, you can learn more in the future. This is the most basic purpose of my posting.
Introduction to Rhyme-Ten Minutes to Learn Rhyme
The rhyme of this method is based on the new Chinese rhyme, and the level tone is determined by the four tones of modern pinyin, namely 1 and two levels in pinyin. Three or four sounds are different. If you learn this well, you can browse the smooth clouds handed down from the Song Dynasty to improve your understanding. It depends on whether everyone uses Yun Xin or Pingyunshui. Personally, I still think rhyme should keep pace with the times. An era has its own pronunciation and intonation. Therefore, blindly applying the rhyme of the ancients thousands of years ago is suspected of being antique. No matter what your family says, no matter what you want.
When learning metrical poems, we should start with the five laws before we can understand them. Other metrical poems and quatrains will naturally come.
One or two minutes: forcibly reciting the basic format of these four sentences is the root of poetic changes such as five laws, seven laws, exclusive laws, five sentences and seven sentences. Recite these four sentences, and you will enter the door by learning metrical poems.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
This is actually a neat couplet of two opposites.
The sentence "plain" should be memorized.
Three or four minutes: repeat the format of the above four sentences. It is one of the complete formats of a five-step poem. The five laws have two basic forms; Lift it up, lift it flat.
There are two types: flat expansion and flat expansion. In fact, only the first sentence has been changed, and there are only four formats for a * * *.
Starting form: the first, occasionally,
Flat and light.
Flat and faint,
It is flat. Repeating four sentences at the same time becomes the five laws.
Second, as long as the first sentence of the above format is changed to "plain" and other things remain unchanged, it becomes the five laws of another format. In this pentameter format, the last word of the first sentence is rhyme. It's different from the one above. The full name is "puckered into rhyme".
The fifth minute: the five methods start in parallel.
Standing type: the first type, flat and even,
It is flat.
Even, even,
Flat and light. Repeating four sentences at the same time becomes the five laws.
Second, just change the first sentence of the above format to "plain". Others are the same as the "lifting" principle above.
Take a closer look. The five-rhythm poems are tossed and turned, but the basic format of the four sentences is changing.
Minutes 6 and 7: Review the above.
Learn the seven laws in the eighth minute.
The seven laws are actually the same as the five laws, except that two words are added before each sentence of the five laws. The method of adding is also very simple.
If the word "ping" is preceded by the word "ping", just add two "ping" sounds in front. Become "flat and faint." Similarly, the first sound of each sentence is "Xu", just add two "flat" sounds.
In fact, it is to change the word "sheng" in the five laws into "sheng" in the seven laws and "sheng" in the five laws into "sheng". Everything else is the same.
The ninth minute:
The first and third words of every sentence in the Five Laws can be ignored. But only the sentence "even" can't be changed casually, and the master can change it. You can learn this later. In the same way, the first * * * word of the Seven Laws can be ignored. In the same way, the third word "even, even, even" can't be changed casually, and you can learn to change it later.
Minute 10: Review the methods of the above seven laws.
It's over.
In the future, I will send "Prosodic Poetry Improvement" and "Chinese New Rhyme".
Improvement of Metric Poetry (1)
First, the paste of metrical poems-a way to quickly know whether "metrical" is right or wrong.
Sticking to correctness is not only the rule of metrical poetry, but also a quick way to know whether metrical poetry is right or wrong. As we know, metrical poetry is actually composed of four kinds of antithesis;
One, two, three, four, five.
Even number, even number,-1
Flat and light. ——2
Flat and even, -3
It is flat. ——4
Even number, even number, -5
Flat and light. ——6
Flat and even, -7
It is flat. ——8
One, two, three, four, five.
We know; Every dual, such as 1 and 2. 3 and 4 ... their second and fourth words are all right, that is, they are completely right (needless to say, the last word is the law of rhyme), which is called "right"
Look at sentences 2 and 3, 4 and 5 ... Similarly, you will find that their second and fourth words are the same. This is called "sticky".
The main function of "pasting right" is to "diversify the tone …" Understanding its pasting principle can help us recite the format. .
In other words, as long as you know the level of the first sentence of each poem, you can recite the level of the whole article. Press the principle of "sticking to the right" and you can cover it.
Understanding the truth of "sticking to the right" can also help us understand the level of dragon method. No matter how long the law is, it is only in accordance with the principle of "adhering to the right" to arrange leveling.
* * * * * violates the "jam" rule, which is called "losing jam"; Violation of the rule of "right" is called "wrong".
Second, the taboo of regular poetry-"loneliness"
In the first and second minutes of An Introduction to Metric Poetry, it is particularly pointed out that; The sentence "flat and flat" in the Five Laws should be memorized. "... by the same token; In the Seven Laws, it is the phrase "flat and flat, flat and flat". Why?
Because according to the point of view of "1, 3,5" in the metrical poem, the sentence "flat" may be written as "flat", that is, except that the last word is a flat word that must rhyme, only the front is left. This is called "lonely ping", a kind of lonely "ping" sound.
This is not allowed by law. But it can be remedied by "difficult to save" methods. Let's say "hard to save" first.
Third, the change of the law of poetry-"difficult to survive"
Any flat and irregular sentence is called "embarrassing sentence" If there are too many awkward sentences in the rhyme, it becomes an ancient rhyme. Generally, there is a word used in the front, followed by "rescue", which means * * * * compensation. In other words, if there is a word in front that should be erased, it should be filled in in the appropriate position.
1. In the sentence pattern of "pingdui", you can use another format, namely "pingdui", that is, the third and fourth word pingdui. In the same way, the word "Pingping" has become "Pingping", which is the flat exchange of the fifth and sixth words.
It should be noted that in this case, the first word of five words, that is, the third word of seven words, must be flat, not even.
2. In the sentence pattern of "flat", the first word is flat, and the third word is filled with a flat, so as to avoid "loneliness" and become "flat". These seven words are the same, called "this sentence saved yourself."
3. In the "flat" sentence pattern, the fourth word is flat, or the third and fourth words are flat, so the third word of the sentence is changed to a flat voice to remedy it. So it becomes "@ 亮亮亮亮亮亮亮亮亮亮亮亮亮亮亮" (@ stands for fairness and justice). Seven words are the same. This is called "difficult sentence". Actually, I'm a little confused about this, and I don't quite understand its meaning. I've never been so difficult to save, think for yourself)
4. In the last sentence, only the third word was used. The fifth word uses seven words. This is called "semi-depression", which can be saved or not.
When the ancients used 2, they generally used 3,4 sentences. This not only constitutes self-help in this sentence, but also constitutes self-help in this sentence.
Regarding the above methods of "difficult to save", we can consider the usage of "difficult to save" after mastering the four basic formats, otherwise our confidence in learning metrical poems will be undermined. Because it's too complicated. I only used it once myself. According to my personal understanding, on the basis of not committing "isolation", if the flat place is used, the flat place will be filled. Fill in the back when the flat one is used up. We can discuss it together.
Fourth, a little bit of other knowledge.
1. Generally speaking, a metrical poem must have at least two sentences. You can also write eight sentences in rhyme as quadruplicate, 1, 2 is called the first couplet, the third and fourth couplets are called parallel couplets, the fifth and sixth couplets are called neck couplets, and the last two couplets are called tail couplets. When writing metrical poems, parallel prose and neck couplets are the most important, so the two antitheses in metrical poems generally refer to parallel prose and neck couplets.
2. The last three words together, that is, the last three words of each sentence, are not allowed to be flat or flat. Only the fifth word of sentence 2.5.6 is left. In the absence of triple, it is best to be the same as the sixth word, but the requirements are not strict. The rest, even.
Writing quatrains is actually peeling off the format of metrical poems. Such as; Take the head-tail format, the first half format, the second half format, the Zhonglian format and the neck format. It became a four-line quatrain format.
Finally, by the way, writing metrical poems pays attention to the neatness of antithesis and the standard format. So countless people are tired of its complexity and afraid of its difficulties. In fact, the formation of metrical poetry is not to increase the difficulty of writing poetry, but to enhance the sense of rhythm and beauty of poetry. After the appearance of metrical poems, because of its uniform structure, cadence, twists and turns, and smooth melody, it embodies a kind of musical beauty, and at the same time, its duality and technical characteristics make it popular with ancient literati. In the more than 1000 years after the Tang Dynasty, metrical poetry has always occupied a major position in the poetry world. Du Fu's metrical poems are famous for their neat antithesis and rigorous meter. However, regardless of poetry, artistic conception comes first. If there is a good artistic conception, the requirements for format are not so harsh. For example, the first half of the famous poem Yellow Crane Tower written by Cui Hao in the Tang Dynasty is completely unqualified. However, winning by artistic conception was rated as the first of regular poems by Li Bai, but even if he boarded the Yellow Crane Tower, he was unwilling to write poems. As a beginner, we should still pay attention to the meter, and then consider the artistic conception on the basis of knowing the meter, instead of aiming too high and talking about the artistic conception, which will damage the aesthetics of the meter poem, because the artistic conception beauty in the meter poem is a sublimation and supplement to the meter beauty.
Knowing this, I think people should not be so afraid of metrical poetry. I hope you can correct me if my writing is inaccurate. Tang Poetry and Song Poetry Forum thanks "Five Hundred Years Later". I would also like to thank Comrade Meng Chuang, who basically forced me to learn the knowledge of metrical poetry.
Improvement of Metric Poetry (2)
The new version of poetic rhyme-that is, what we often call "new rhyme"
And China's new rhyme, which means the same thing. According to the pronunciation of Putonghua. This new rhyme book is published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House. Divided into eighteen parts, the basic principle is that "any vowel with the same or similar vowel suffix constitutes a homophone".
In modern Chinese, Rusheng characters have disappeared. However, some Rusheng words are retained in the new rhyme, mainly for the needs of the old-style poems, which can be selected according to your own habits.
I usually distinguish flat tones according to 1 in pinyin, in which two tones belong to flat tones and three or four tones belong to flat tones, which is convenient and quick. And it is in line with the principle of leveling (the reason why regular poems strictly require leveling is mainly to make sentences catchy and rhythmic, so it is more scientific to divide leveling according to 1, 2,3,4).
In the old-style poems, Rusheng characters can be linked, that is, they can be linked even. This point is not very strict in the new rhyme, so you can use it according to your own habits. I don't separate sounds from words myself.
Below I list the vowels of eighteen new rhymes. Words will not be entered. Too many.
One. Mada
Two. Boao (Tongge Department)
Three. Song 'e (Tongbo Department)
Four. Ieue
Five. Zhiyi (children's second and seventh departments)
Six. Children * (Tongzhi, Starting)
Seven. Qi I (Buer Tongzhi)
Eight. Miniature eiui
Nine. Kai ai
With Tenuto Gu U (Fish Department)
Eleven. Fish u (bronze drum cloth)
Twelve. Ou Hou
Thirteen. Hao ao
Fourteen Han' an
Fifteen. (note: eng's rhyme only exists in the first sound of the fifteenth rhyme. 2, 3, 4 words that don't rhyme. )
Sixteen years old. Tang ang
Seventeen. Geng Enqing (Tong Dong)
Eighteen. Dong Ang (Department of Farming)
Note: The so-called * part means that two rhyming words can be used together.