Appreciation of the whole poem:
This poem is a masterpiece of farewell poetry, which comforts you not to be sad when you leave. The whole poem is full of ups and downs, the atmosphere is flowing, and the artistic conception is broad-minded, sweeping away the bitterness in the farewell poem. The tone is bright and clear, the language is fresh and lofty, and the content is unique, which embodies the poet's lofty ambition, open-minded interest and open-minded mind.
First, be strict with yourself. This poem was written in the farewell place, "across the wall of the Three Qin Dynasties, across a layer of fog, the five rivers merged into one river". Standing on the outskirts of Beijing, the poet saw that the majestic Chang 'an was guarded by the vast land of Sanqin. Looking into the distance, convenience is Sichuan's "Five Tianjin" in the misty land, and points out the place where Du Shaofu is going to work. Because friends are going to Sichuan from Chang 'an, the two places are naturally linked with the poet's feelings. The poem did not say goodbye at the beginning, but only described the situation and style of these two places. The feeling of farewell is very comfortable inside. The poet is in Chang 'an, even the land of Sanqin is hard to see at a glance, and Wujin, thousands of miles away, is even more invisible. Beyond ordinary people's field of vision, we look at the world with imaginary eyes, and with exaggerated methods, we have launched a magnificent realm at the beginning, which is different from ordinary farewell poems that only focus on Yan Yu, Yang Zhi, tears and wine lamps. The first couplet belongs to the "place name pair" in the "work pair", which is extremely magnificent and exquisite.
Couplets are connected by prose sentences, the syntax has changed, the expression mode has changed from scenery description to lyricism, from reality to ethereal, and the context has fluctuated. "We are reluctant to say goodbye, and the two of us run counter to each other as officials", that is to say, the meaning of parting also has the affection of wandering officials. After leaving home, I had a heavy parting, said goodbye to each other in the guest house, and had another heavy parting, which included infinite sadness. Here, the poet arranged two ties: the unity of feelings (we said goodbye to each other sadly) and the unity of situations (we two officials who went in opposite directions), which brought his heart closer to Du Shaofu and shortened the distance of thousands of miles. The antithesis of these two sentences does not seek neatness or evacuation. Although there were no strict rules at that time, rhythmic poetry had its unique beauty, which made the poem ups and downs and made people feel unable to stop.
The two sentences of the neck couplet, starting from the peak, highly summarize the scene of "deep friendship, mountains and rivers are hard to resist", the realm has changed from narrow to grand, and the mood has changed from sad to heroic. "However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven is still our neighbor." It is inseparable to stay away from friends. As long as you are in the four seas, even the ends of the earth are just like neighbors. Showing friendship is not limited by time and space, it is eternal and ubiquitous, and the feelings expressed are optimistic and open-minded. So these two sentences have become immortal words to express deep affection and friendship among friends in Qianshan. The upper and lower sentences of this couplet are mutually causal, so we should read them one by one. Song people call it "flowing water pair", which is very artistic. Although they are from Cao Zhi's poem A White Horse for Wang Biao, they are more concise, vivid and full of rhythm.
The couplet pointed out the theme of "seeing off" to comfort Du Shaofu. The first six sentences of the poem have broad artistic conception, cheerful artistic conception and deep feelings. Naturally, at the end, the poem "Why wander at the fork in the road, children * * * get towels" is written, which completely sweeps away the habit of "tears" and "sadness" in farewell poems, contrary to the usual tone of parting from sorrow and not hating. The word "wrong method" points out the word "send" on the topic. This is the poet's exhortation to his friends when he left, and it is also his own feeling.
The whole poem is as follows:
Across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, across a river.
We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions.
After all, the world is just a small place.
Why are you wandering at the fork in the road? The child is holding a towel.
The literal meaning of the whole poem:
The land of Sanqin guards Chang 'an and sees Shu through the confused smoke.
I have a lot of feelings for you, because we are all officials who leave home.
As long as there are close friends in the four seas, even if they are far apart, they are just like neighbors.
So we don't need to imitate those young men and women who burst into tears when they parted at the fork in the road.