1. Verses about the process
Verses about the process 1. Verses about the history
1. "Listening to the Flute in Luocheng on a Spring Night" by Li Bai: The sound of someone's jade flute is flying quietly, spreading into the spring breeze and filling Luo City.
Hearing the broken willows in this nocturne, who can't help but feel the love of his hometown? To understand the meaning of "willow" in the title, the key is to understand the image of "willow". The texts that students have learned include some common ancient poems, such as "The dawn wind wanes on the bank of willows" (Liu Yong's "Yulin Ling"), "I heard the broken willows in the flute, but I have never seen the spring scenery" (Li Bai's "Song Xiaqu") "), "Why should the Qiang flute blame the willows? The spring breeze does not pass through Yumen Pass" (Wang Zhihuan's "Liangzhou Ci"), I have passed away in the past, and the willows are still there" ("The Book of Songs: Plucking Wei").
There are also the Northern Dynasties Yuefu's "Drum and Horn Horizontal Blowing Music" includes "Breaking Willow Branches", the lyrics are: "When you mount your horse, you don't catch the whip, but instead bend the willow branches." Dismount and play the flute, worried about killing the guests. "
From this we can understand that the "willow" in ancient poems has a special meaning. "Liu", which is soft and graceful and swings with the wind, is homophonic with "liu". In addition, the ancients also used the word "liu" to break the willow. The custom of seeing off can easily be extended to the level of "willow - stay - say goodbye - reluctant to leave".
It reminds people that when parting people see willow, they will think of it. The scene of reluctant parting when parting will bring out the scene of giving willows to say farewell, and a wisp of sadness will arise in the heart. In this way, the meaning of "parting willows and cherishing the distance" contained in the word "breaking willows" will be easier to understand. Understood.
2. Du Fu and Huang Si’s parents’ house is full of flowers. Thousands of flowers hang low on the branches, and butterflies are dancing all the time. Orioles are chirping freely.
< p> [Brief Analysis] In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (AD 760) by Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, the poet Du Fu lived in Chengdu, Sichuan, and built a thatched cottage on the bank of Huanhua River in the western suburbs. During the blooming season, he walked alone by the river to enjoy the flowers, and wrote a set of seven quatrains called "Looking for Flowers Alone by the River". This is the sixth of the poems.The first line is "Huang Si's natal flowers." "The path is full of flowers", indicating the place to find flowers. "芊" is the path.
"The path is full of flowers" means that the path is covered with flowers and connected into a patch. The second sentence is "Thousands of flowers" The words "press" and "low" in "the branches are low" are used very appropriately, vividly and vividly. It depicts the dense layers of spring flowers, which are so big and numerous that they bend the branches.
This sentence is the embodiment of the word "man" in the previous sentence, "The butterflies dance all the time."
"Linger" describes the way butterflies fly around and are reluctant to leave. This sentence describes the bright fragrance of spring flowers from the side.
In fact, the poet is also attracted by the colorful spring flowers. The fourth sentence is "The oriole is singing at ease"
"Jiao" refers to the soft and mellow song of the oriole. It means that when the poet came to enjoy the flowers, the oriole was also singing. .
Just because the poet is happy in his heart, he takes it for granted that the oriole sings specifically for himself. This is the same as the previous sentence about the butterfly lingering on the spring flowers.
< p> Since the poet successfully used this technique to blend things and myself, and create a harmonious scene, this little poem is more intimate and interesting to read. 3. Looking at the Lushan Waterfall, Li Bai's sun shines on the incense burner, and the purple smoke rises, and the waterfall hangs in front of the river in the distance.Flying down three thousand feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way falls from the sky. The incense burner refers to the incense burner peak of Mount Lu. (History of "Taiping Huanyu").
However, in the writings of the poet Li Bai, it becomes a different scene: a towering incense burner slowly rises into clouds of white smoke, misty in the blue sky of the green mountains. During this time, it turns into a purple cloud under the rays of the red sun. This not only makes Xianglu Peak more beautiful, but also full of romanticism, creating an unusual background for the unusual waterfall.
Then the poet moved his sight to the waterfall on the mountain wall. "Looking at the waterfall from a distance, Guaqianchuan", the first four characters are the title; "Guaqianchuan", this is the first image of "looking", the waterfall is like a huge white chain hanging high between the mountains and rivers.
The word "hang" is very wonderful. It turns movement into stillness, vividly showing the image of the pouring waterfall in "distant viewing". Who can "hang" this giant thing? "What a great creation!" Therefore, the word "hang" also contains the poet's praise of the magical power of nature.
The third sentence also describes the dynamics of the waterfall. "Flying down three thousand feet", each stroke is swaying and every word is sonorous and powerful.
The word "fly" describes the scene of the waterfall gushing out very vividly; "straight down" not only describes the height and steepness of the mountain, but also shows the rapidity of the water flow, and the unstoppable plummet from the high altitude. It's as if it's in front of you. However, the poet still felt that it was not enough, and then wrote another sentence: "It is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen into the sky." It really wants to fall outside the sky, which is shocking to the soul.
"Suspected" is worth savoring. The poet clearly said it in a trance, and the readers knew it was not the case, but they all felt that only writing in this way would be more vivid and realistic. The mystery lies in the poet's previous words. This image has been nurtured in the description.
Look! The towering Xianglu Peak is hidden in the clouds and mist. Looking at the waterfall from a distance, it looks like it is flying down from the clouds and falling in the sky. This naturally reminds us that it looks like a Milky Way falling from the sky.
It can be seen that although the metaphor "suspected of the Milky Way falling into the sky" is strange, it does not come out of thin air in the poem, but arises naturally from the depiction of the image. It is exaggerated yet natural, novel yet real, thus inspiring the whole article and making the whole image more colorful, majestic and magnificent. It not only leaves a deep impression on people, but also leaves room for imagination and shows that It shows Li Bai's artistic style of "a sudden drop of thousands of miles, but still strong at the end".
4. Spring Cannage Weng Hong It is Spring Cannage again, how to produce green curtains. The fallen flower man is independent, and the tiny swift swallows fly together.
The soul of watching is about to die, and the dream after years is no longer there. It's worthy of looking forward to the sad evening, and the cicadas shine at dusk.
The poem is about a woman who is pregnant in late spring. The first sentence question is written in an eclectic way.
In a sentence, it starts with the word "you" and ends with the word "ye", and uses an adverb and a modal particle together, which is rare in poetry. However, the author used it very naturally, making the sentence abrupt, strengthening the tone, intensifying the sadness of the heroine in the poem, and covering the whole poem, which can be regarded as a novel writing method.
The word "you" also corresponds to the word "Jian Nian" below, implying that the woman parted with her lover at this time last year, so she is particularly sensitive to phenological changes. The second sentence "How to get out of the green curtain", "How", has an unbearable meaning.
Judging from the first sentence, this woman was experiencing the pain of separation at this very place last year. A year later, the memory is still fresh. Moreover, it is still at this time and place. How dare she be there again, again.
2. What are the ancient poems that describe "historical changes"
1. The rolling Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves wash away the heroes.
Success or failure turns into nothing.
From: Ming Dynasty Yang Shen's "Linjiang Immortal: The Rolling Water of the Yangtze River Passing East".
Translation: The rolling Yangtze River flows eastward, never looking back, and how many heroes disappear like flying waves. Fighting over what is right and wrong, success and failure, is short-lived and will not last long.
2. Looking at the Western Capital, I hesitate.
It is sad that wherever the Qin and Han Dynasties traveled, thousands of palaces and palaces were turned into dirt.
From: Yuan Zhang Yanghao's "Sheep on the Hillside·Tongguan Nostalgia for the Past".
Translation: I look at the ancient capital Chang'an from a distance, and I have a lot of thoughts in my heart. What is sad is that after passing the ruins of the Qin and Han palaces, I saw countless palaces turned into mud. When a feudal dynasty is established, the people suffer; when a feudal dynasty is destroyed, the people still suffer.
3. The mist and sorrow, the roaring rain and the roar of the wind, the palace, the palace, the hairpin, and the old imperial city.
If you want to ask about the prosperity and failure of ancient and modern times, please just look at Luoyang City.
From: "Passing the Ancient City of Luoyang" by Sima Guang of the Song Dynasty.
Translation: The smoke is hanging across the sky, the wind and rain are howling, and now only a few palace ruins remain in the former imperial capital. If people want to know the laws of rise and fall through the ages, just look at Luoyang City.
4. There are wild grasses and flowers beside Zhuque Bridge, and the setting sun is setting at the entrance of Wuyi Alley.
In the old days, the king Xietang Qianyan flew into the homes of ordinary people.
From: "Wo Yi Xiang" by Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty.
Translation: The side of Zhuque Bridge is covered with clumps of weeds and dots of wild flowers, and the ruins of the Wuyi Alley are ruined as the sun sets in the west. The swallows that once built their nests in front of the King's Hall are now flying into the homes of ordinary people.
5. Looking around Lishan, Afang lit up a torch. Where was the luxury then?
Only the grass is sparse and the water is lingering. I still hate the Smokey Tree.
From: Yuan·Zhang Yanghao's "Sheep on the Hillside·Lishan Nostalgia".
Translation: Looking around on Lishan Mountain, Afang Palace has been burned down by a fire. Where is the prosperity and beauty of that time now? Only the decaying grass and sparse grass were seen, and the water was swirling. The regrets left till now are like fireworks.
3. What are the poems about history?
1. "Ode to History"
Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty
The Dai River in the north and south of Hunan is long,
A flag is lowered and a hundred-foot pole is lowered.
Three hundred years of dreaming together,
Where is the dragon plate in Zhongshan?
2. "Passing Chen Lin's Tomb"
Wen Tingyun of the Tang Dynasty
I once saw a posthumous inscription in the Qing Dynasty, and I passed by this tomb today.
The poet has a spirit and should know me. I will take pity on you when I have no master.
The stone lin hides the spring grass, and the bronze sparrow faces the dusk clouds desolately.
Don’t blame me for feeling melancholy in the face of the wind and wanting to learn calligraphy and swordsmanship and join the army.
3. "Ti Wujiang Pavilion"
Du Mu, Tang Dynasty
The victorious and defeated soldiers have unexpected family affairs, and it is a man to bear shame.
The children of Jiangdong are so talented that their comeback is unknown.
For example, Du Fu's "Ode to Ancient Relics" (the fifth of five poems):
Zhuge's fame is immortalized in the universe, and the portraits of his ancestors and ministers are highly respected.
Three divisions are planned, and a feather in the sky will last forever.
When brothers and sisters meet Yi Lv, the commander will definitely lose Xiao Cao.
It is difficult to move Han Zuo back, and he is determined to annihilate the military service.
4. "The Sound of Flower Selling Nostalgia"
Zhang Kejiu of the Yuan Dynasty
The beauty committed suicide on the bank of Wujiang River, the war burned Chibi Mountain, and the general was empty at Yumen Pass.
The Qin and Han Dynasties were saddened by the devastation of the people, and the scholars let out a long sigh.
5. "Red Cliff Nostalgia"
Su Shi of the Song Dynasty
The great river goes eastward, and the waves are washed away, and there are romantic figures throughout the ages.
To the west of the fortress, the humane way is, Chibi, Zhou Lang of the Three Kingdoms.
Rocks pierced through the sky, stormy waves crashed onto the shore, and thousands of piles of snow were rolled up.
The country is picturesque, and there are so many heroes at one time.
I think back to Gong Jin’s time, when Xiao Qiao got married for the first time and looked majestic and handsome.
Feather fans and silk scarves, while talking and laughing, the boats and oars disappeared into ashes.
My motherland wanders in my mind, my passion should laugh at me, and I will be born early.
Life is like a dream, a statue returns to the moon.
4. Ancient poems about process
Leaving Jingci Temple at dawn to see off Lin Zifang Yang Wanli. After all, in the middle of June, the scenery of West Lake is different from that of the four seasons.
The lotus leaves touching the sky are infinitely green, and the lotus flowers reflecting the sun are uniquely red. Appreciation of Yang Wanli's song has been passed down through the ages with its unique technique and is worth savoring.
"After all, the scenery of the West Lake in June is different from that of the four seasons." This sentence seems to blurt out. It is the most intuitive feeling after being surprised and overjoyed, which further strengthens the beauty of the West Lake. Sure enough, "The lotus leaves touching the sky are infinitely green, and the lotus reflecting the sun is uniquely red." The poet uses "blue" and "red" to highlight the strong visual impact of lotus leaves and lotus flowers. The lotus leaves are endless. It seems to be connected to the sky and the sky, and the atmosphere is grand. It not only depicts the boundless lotus leaves, but also renders the magnificence of the heaven and earth, and has an extremely rich sense of spatial modeling.
The "reflecting sun" and the "lotus" complement each other, making the whole picture gorgeous and vivid. The whole poem is clear and concise, and what is outstanding is that it first writes feelings and then describes the actual scene, thus creating an effect of first virtuality and then reality. After reading it, I can really feel the beauty of West Lake in June that "is different from the four seasons" scenery.
Guan Qianmai Bai Juyi Tian family has a few free months, but in May people are twice as busy. At night, the south wind blows, and the wheat is covered with yellow.
The women carry baskets of food, and the children carry pots of pulp. When I went to the salary field, Ding Zhuang was in Nangang.
The feet are full of heat and rustic, and the back is scorching with the light of the sky. I’m exhausted and don’t know how hot it is, but I’m glad the summer is long.
There is a poor woman with her baby next to her. The right hand holds the earrings, and the left arm hangs a basket.
Hearing his words of care makes those who hear them feel sad. When all the taxes on the family fields are exhausted, this is left to satisfy the hunger.
What merit do I have now? I have never been involved in farming. The official salary is three hundred stones, and Yan has more than enough food every year.
I feel ashamed when I think of this, and I will never forget it. Appreciating the perfect unity of writing about things and writing about the heart in poetry is more shocking than the general unity of narrative and lyricism.
Bai Juyi is also an expert in using contrast techniques. In his poetry creation, he not only contrasted the poverty and kindness of the working people with the luxury and tyranny of the landlord class, but also contrasted his own comfort with the poverty of the working people.
In this poem, after writing about the labor and pain of farmers in the hot summer, the poet also thought of himself, feeling that he had no "merit" and "did not work in farming", but he took " With a salary of three hundred stones, there would still be "surplus food" at the end of the year, so "I feel ashamed thinking about this and will never forget it." It was very rare for a poet to take the initiative to compare with farmers in that era.
Such a comparison is really novel, valuable and thought-provoking, which further demonstrates the ideological height of this poem. It's sunny in the evening. Li Shangyin lives deep in Foujia City, and spring is gone and summer is still clear.
God takes pity on the quiet grass, and the world is clear at night. And add high pavilions and small windows.
After the bird's nest is dry, its body becomes lighter when it returns. [Note] Jiacheng: the curved city outside the city gate.
Secret grass: a grass that grows unnoticed in dark places. Gaogejiong: Gaoge, the pavilion where the poet lives.
Far, far away. Micro Note: Because it is an evening scene with slanting light, the light appears weak and soft, so it is called "Micro Note".
Appreciation of Li Shangyin Since he was appointed as Wang Maoyuan (regarded as Li Dang) in the third year of Kaicheng (838), he has fallen into the narrow valley of party struggle and has always been hated by the Niu party. and exclusion. After Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty succeeded to the throne, the Niu Party controlled the government, and the situation became even more unfavorable to him.
He had no choice but to leave Chang'an and follow Zheng Ya to work as an aide in Guilin. Zheng Ya trusts him more and can feel some warmth of human kindness in the scene. At the same time, leaving Chang'an, the whirlpool of party struggle, can temporarily avoid being looked down upon by the Niu Party, which is also a kind of spiritual liberation.
It is precisely because of this that the poem has the feeling that the grass is lucky enough to meet the night sky, and the flying bird is happy to return to its nest. The first couplet writes about the evening sunshine seen from a high view in early summer, and the chin couplet is written in a clear and concise way, with a deep allusion (to express the poet's sense of life experience).
The neck couplet depicts Wan Qing in a delicate way. The last couplet describes the flying birds returning to their nests, their bodies are light and agile, and they can still be seen from a high altitude.
The whole poem is written naturally and without any trace. When I wake up in early summer (Yang Wanli), the plums drip with sourness and splash on my teeth, and the banana leaves turn green and cover the window screens.
After a long sleep, I wake up without thoughts and watch the children catching willow flowers. Appreciation of this poem describes the scenery of early summer, which is very interesting.
The early summer is long and it is easy to feel sleepy. The poet lies up, but feels bored. He can only "watch the children catching willow flowers" to relieve his boredom. This sentence is particularly wonderful and expresses the poet's mood. The mood is peaceful and tranquil, yet so full of interest. The word "capture" is used very accurately and cannot be replaced by other words.
An Appointment [Song Dynasty] Zhao Shixiu It rains every house during the yellow plum season, and frogs are everywhere in the grassy ponds. I didn't come over at midnight because I had an appointment, so I knocked on the chess pieces and let the lanterns fall.
Appreciation of the whole poem, through the rendering of the provocative environment and the detailed action of "knocking chess pieces leisurely", not only describes the scene of the poet waiting for the guests to visit on a rainy night, but also writes about the scene when the guests have not yet arrived. This melancholy mood can be described as both physical and spiritual. The whole poem has a strong flavor of life, and is free from the habit of carving. It is clear and beautiful and can be recited.
Summer Pavilion in the Mountain Pavilion [Tang Dynasty] The tall green trees are shaded and the summer is long, and the tower is reflected in the pond. The crystal curtain moves and the breeze rises, and the roses on the shelves fill the courtyard with incense.
Appreciate the green trees reflecting the sun and the dense shade, and the balcony reflecting the pond, how quiet and peaceful it is. And when the breeze jingles the crystal-like curtains, the roses on the shelves are also filling the courtyard with fragrance, which is so refreshing and charming.
Bright language and delicate description vividly express the scene of this summer mountain pavilion. In early summer in Kezhong (Sima Guang) April is clear and rainy, and the weather in Nanshan is clear.
There are no catkins blowing up in the wind, only sunflowers leaning towards the sun. Appreciation of the April day, it suddenly cleared up after the rain, it was clear and warm; in the rain, the Nanshan Mountain facing the door could only be seen in the mist. At this moment, after the rain, the sky cleared, and it was clear. Spring is over and summer is coming, and the wind is no longer visible. Among the dancing catkins, only the sunflower is open to the sun. The first two sentences describe the scene: the weather in April is clear and warm, the sky is sunny after the rain, and the Nanshan Mountain opposite the door is even more green.
The last two sentences are lyrical: Look at those little people who turn with the wind like catkins, only the sunflowers blooming in the sun are worthy of respect. What needs to be understood here is that the author Sima Guang was not on good terms with Wang Anshi at the time. This poem was written when he retired to Luoyang. He compared Wang Anshi and others to "catkins" and compared himself with "sunflowers" to express his loyalty to the king.
Li Bai, who heard the flute at the Yellow Crane Tower, went to Changsha to move to Changsha. Looking west to Chang'an, he could not see his home. The jade flute is played in the Yellow Crane Tower, and the plum blossoms fall in May in Jiangcheng.
Appreciate the poet's skillful use of the sound of the flute to exaggerate his sadness. Wang Qi annotated Guo Maoqian's "Yuefu Poetry Anthology" to explain the title of this tune: ""Plum Blossoms Fall" is also the song in this flute."
In May in Jiangcheng, it is the beginning of summer. Of course, there are no plum blossoms, but because of "Plum Blossoms Falling" The flute music was playing very beautifully, and it was as if I could see plum blossoms falling all over the sky. Plum blossoms bloom in the cold winter. Although the scene is beautiful, it is inevitable.