The format and writing method of sonnets

Four-character poems, also known as "Shanglai style", are neat, short and pithy, with rigorous meter and rich musical effects. It originated in Italy, and later spread to Britain, France, Germany and the West, and adapted to the characteristics of various languages, resulting in different variants. For example, the rhyme of Italian sonnets is: ABBA, ABBA, CDE, CDE; The British are: Ababou, CDCD, EFEF, GG; In addition, there are rhyme formats, such as ABBA, ABBA, CDC, DCD or ABBA, ABBA, CDC and EDE. Iacobo, a medieval Italian Sicilian poet? 6? 1? 6? 1 liantini was the first poet to adopt this poetic style, and the Renaissance poet Petrarch was the main representative of this poetic style. /kloc-at the end of 0/6, sonnets became one of the most popular poetic styles in Britain, resulting in famous sonnets such as Sidney and Spencer. Shakespeare further enriched and developed this poetic style, and his poems broke the routine of the original poetic style and were unique, which was called "Shakespeare style". Sonnets, known as "love bible", mainly recite lingering love and occupy an important position in Shakespeare's works. Like his plays, it is an eternal treasure in world literature. Here, the magic of love is fermented in the poet's magnificent imagination. He is happy, sad, jealous, cheerful, thoughtful and disappointed. The poet's feelings are condensed in singing, chanting and attacking a series of things. By praising friendship and love, the poet put forward the highest principle of life he advocated: truth, goodness and beauty! From then on, Milton, Wordsworth, Shelley, Keats and elizabeth barret browning were also famous for their excellent sonnets.

The first climax of China's sonnet creation was initiated by Wen Yiduo. Later, some practitioners of new metrical poems, such as Xu Zhimo, Liang and Sun Dayu, tried to create sonnets in New Moon and other publications. 1942, Feng Zhi published China's first collection of China's sonnets. Bian also wrote a certain number of sonnets. The sonnets of different poets in this period are very different, and each poet has no fixed pattern. In the late 1940s, the creation of China's sonnets gradually fell silent. It was not until 65438+65438+ 1980 10 that Lin Zi's sonnets were published in Poetry magazine, and China's sonnets were brought back to readers by the surging China poetry circle. Later, Huacheng Publishing House published Tang Shu's "King of Hailing", "Journey of Fantasy Beauty", Lin Zi's "For Him" and Tu An's Sonnets of Tu An. After entering the 1990s, China's sonnets are very rare in various media. Since the new century, with the rise of the Internet, the birth of Oriental Poetry Forum, China Metric New Poetry Network and China Modern Poetry Network, and the establishment of new national style and world Chinese poetry, China's sonnets have re-emerged, and a group of energetic sonnets writers who love the art of metrical poetry have emerged. Among them, the poet Zhou Yongjun is one of the representatives.

Zhou Yongjun's new sonnet? 6? 1 Taihang Mountain has borrowed from Shakespeare's sonnet form, which consists of three verses and a pair of antitheses, but it has broken through Shakespeare's forms of Ababou, CDCD, EFEF and GG. The last word of each line in the same paragraph rhymes. Except for the second paragraph, the other three paragraphs all rhyme with "O", and each line has eleven words, which are composed of five words respectively. But the total number is exactly the same, and it keeps neat in the change. Rugged and rhythmic, catchy to read, strong in rhythm, and beautiful in music. The poet is like "dancing in chains", but it is amazing that he dances so easily and harmoniously!

What is particularly commendable is the dignified, profound and atmospheric content of the poem. At the beginning of the poem, it says: "A folk song grows out of the stone/spreads all over the loess plateau in the form of blood" and "grows out of the stone", and the tenacious, tenacious and upward spirit of "folk song" is fully manifested; Not only that, she also "spread all over the loess plateau in the form of blood". This kind of "folk song" is no longer a folk song in the ordinary sense. She is the soul of the Chinese nation! The sunshine is "in droves" and "dancing with tenderness", and the wind is a bit "lonely". The use of personification makes the verses of poetry vivid, showing an artistic effect of turning stone into gold and turning plain into magic. The poet went on to write: "The ups and downs of Taihang Canyon are proud/as dry and serious as time", and the description of Taihang Mountain is novel and vivid; The intimate and warm picture of "old cow and frolicking calf/loneliness easily abandoned" is full of rich life breath, which not only makes people feel the sacredness and greatness of maternal love, but also forms a sharp contrast with the "dry and serious" Taihang Canyon, resulting in an unforgettable strong contrast impact. What's even more shocking is: "The ravines criss-crossed after the knife is cut/that's a pair of huge palm prints/that's a soul full of scars/but flowers are still blooming in the mountains". The Taihang Mountain here is no longer Taihang Mountain, but has become a symbol of hard-working and great national suffering history and optimism! Isn't it? Although they were "cut by a knife" and left "scarred souls", they still refused to sink, "but they still bloomed in the mountains"! Isn't such a beautiful spirit the hope of the Chinese nation? ! Let's "gently remove the shell of the soul" and "let the soul fall into this mountain". I believe that with the encouragement of nature, the human mind can be reshaped!

Generally speaking, this poem is novel and vivid in image, ingenious in structure, strong in musicality and freely connected. In the final antithesis, it summarizes the content, points out the theme and expresses the author's ideals and feelings, so it can be regarded as an excellent China sonnet.