Pusajiang jujube mouth and nose
How many pedestrians shed tears in the middle of Qingjiang River in Yugutai? Looking at Chang 'an in the northwest, there are countless poor mountains.
Castle peak can't cover up, after all, it flows east. In the evening, the river is gloomy and there are partridges in the mountains.
To annotate ...
① stoma: that is, the mouth of soap, the name of the town. 60 miles southwest of wanan county, Jiangxi.
(2) Yugutai: The name of the ancient platform is named after the "Dragon is graceful and isolated from the ground for several feet" on Helan Mountain in the southwest of Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province.
③ Qingjiang River: the confluence of Ganjiang River and Yuanjiang River, formerly known as Qingjiang River.
4 Chang 'an: Xi 'an, Shaanxi; It is the ancient capital of Han and Tang Dynasties. This refers to the capital of the Song Dynasty, which was captured by the enemy.
⑤ pity: What a pity.
⑥ Countless mountains: This refers to the capitulators (which can also be understood as the occupied land in the north).
⑦ After all, it flows eastward: implying that the trend of the times against gold is unstoppable.
Yu Yu: It makes me feel sad.
Pet-name ruby (zhè g ū): the name of a bird. It is said that its cry is like "You can't go without your brother", and its cry is very sad.
translate
How many pedestrians shed tears in the flowing water of Ganjiang River in Yugutai?
I look up at Chang 'an in the northwest, but unfortunately I only see countless green hills.
How can Qingshan stop the river, and the vast river finally flows eastward.
At dusk by the river, I was filled with sadness when I heard the sound of partridges coming from the deep mountains.
background
This word was written by the author when he was imprisoned in Jiangxi and stationed in Ganzhou in 1 176 (Song Xiaozong Xichun three years). Regarding the origin of this word, Luo Dajing has several very important words in He Lin Yu Lu. He said: "At the beginning of Gainandu, Lu people chased the Queen Mother Longyou and quarreled, but they didn't return. You' an is happy from now on. " At that time, Xin Qiji returned to the south for more than ten years, served as an official in Jiangxi's criminal law praise, and often traveled to Hunan and Jiangxi. When I came to the blowhole and overlooked the river that passed day and night, the poet's thoughts were as ups and downs as the river, so he wrote this word.
Make an appreciative comment
Xin Qiji's poem "Bodhisattva Man" is a treasure in ci, which uses a very sharp contrast to enhance the art and writes a very deep patriotic feeling.
The inscription "Building a Wall in Jiangxi" began in Yugutai and Qingjiang. Jujube mouth is a jujube mouth, located 60 miles southwest of wanan county, Jiangxi Province (Wan 'an County annals). The Yugutai in the poem is located in the northwest corner of Ganzhou City (Jiajing's "Ganzhou County Records"), and it is named after "Long Fu is a few tens of feet away from the ground". "When Li Mian stabbed the history of Qianzhou (that is, Ganzhou) in the Tang Dynasty, he traveled to the north and said generously,' Although it is not as good as Zi Mou, my heart is in Wei Que'." Turn loneliness into hope. "("Yu Fang Sheng Lan ") Qingjiang is the Ganjiang River. Zhang and Gong Ershui, with Ganzhou city as their bosom, flows to Yugutai, flows into the north of Ganjiang River, and then flows into Poyang Lake through Koukou, Wan 'an, Taihe, Jizhou (ruling Luling, now Ji 'an) and Longxingfu (namely Hongzhou, now Nanchang) and into the Yangtze River. 1175-176 (in the second or third year of Xichun), the poet named Jiangxi Criminal Prison and stationed in Ganzhou, and wrote this word on the stoma wall.
Luo Dajing's "He Luxin Youan Ci" in the Southern Song Dynasty said: "Its name is Jiangxi Zaokou Ci. At the beginning of Gainandu, the Lu people chased the Queen Mother Longyou (her aunt, Empress Zhezong Meng) and quarreled, but they returned it too late, which made You An happy. " This record is of great significance to understanding the meaning of this word. Biography of Song History Gao Zongji and His Empresses: It was suggested for three years (1 129). In August, Liu Ning was ordered to stop the establishment of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and the Queen Mother went to Hongzhou, Teng Kang and Liu Jue to take charge of the Privy Council. In August, Emperor Gaozong also left Jiankang (now Nanjing) for western Zhejiang. At that time, nomads from the west invaded south in two ways. In October, Jinbing West Road crossed the river from Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) and reached Hongzhou to pursue the Queen Mother Longyou. " Kang and Jue offered the Empress Dowager a tour of Jizhou. The Jin people were in a hurry, and the Empress Dowager took a boat trip at night. "Three Dynasties North Alliance" (suggested on November 23, three years) said: "The quality is clear, go to Taihe County (eight miles to Jizhou. "Taihe County Records"), and to wanan county (to Taihe thyme. "Wan 'an County Records"), there were less than 100 soldiers and guards, and Teng Kang and all fled into the valley. The Jin people chased Taihe County, and the Queen Mother went from wanan county to Zaokou, disembarked from the ship, and luckily arrived in Ganzhou (240 miles away from Wan 'an). Ganzhou Prefecture Records). History of Song Dynasty: "Empress Dowager Cixi and Pan Fei walked side by side with the peasants." Hu Quan Biography of the History of the Song Dynasty: "The Queen Mother was able to enlist rural soldiers to help the government troops guard the Jin Army, in order to eliminate her filial piety. "Nomads from chasing Taihe are recorded in history books, which is slightly different from Roche's records. However, Roche was a native of Luling in the Southern Song Dynasty and once served as a military attache in Fuzhou, Jiangxi. It is doubtful whether his record is true. In addition, it is impossible for nomads to reach Taihe, and their forwards can't chase the south exit of 160 miles. Whether or not the nomads from the land chased the nomads from the air hole, the situation of Longyou Queen was so critical when she was chased to the air hole that she abandoned the ship and walked with the peasants' shoulders. This is irrefutable evidence, and so is history. First of all, we should understand the situation during the years of Long and Jian 'an. A.D. 1 127 (the second year of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty), the nomads from the North went into exile in Qin Hui, and the Northern Song Dynasty perished. Longyou was spared from being abolished, listened to politics, welcomed Kang Wang, and thought of the emperor. Someone asks for the crown prince, but you won't. " "Biography of Empresses in Song Dynasty" said: "How can I rule the world when a woman is holding a three-year-old child? He told the world: "Although this family sympathizes with the North, it has the same heart as the left." "He also said:" The ten Han families are suitable for the revival of martial arts; There are nine sons dedicated to the public, and Zhong Er is the only one. " "He Lu Jian Ji" says: "The incisiveness of words is touching to read, and Gai Zhongxing also helps. "Chen Yinque's On the Destiny of Rebirth also said:" Maintain people's hearts and resist foreign aggression ","so it was recited at that time and later generations. " Therefore, the history is called Longyou: "If there is a state-owned event, this person must handle it. "Suggestions for three years, nomads from west road pursuit longyou, nomads from east road crossing the river, fall into health, Lin' an, the emperor was forced to take the sea. It was a sincere autumn for the Southern Song regime. Therefore, when the author personally makes a mouth, it is inevitable that Longyou will be chased here, "so he is very excited" and there is an inscription on the wall. Roche's notes are generally credible, and the six-character inscription is proof of this.
"There is a Qinghe River in Yugutai." Start writing horizontally. Because of the tangible characteristics of Chinese characters in form, sound and meaning, especially the melancholy implication of Yu Bo and Yu, and the sense of loneliness, Yugutai's three-character split face has raised a lonely platform. The poet's mobilization of these three words is obviously full of majestic spirit, so it is necessary to use this abrupt pen. Then write about Qingjiang River under the stage. "Wan 'an County Records" said: "Ganshui River entered the territory of Wan 'an, initially flat and wide, and it was rushing." Writing the torrent of this river, the boundary word was collected from Yugutai, more than a hundred miles away. Stoma is the core of ci. So he wrote vertically: "How many pedestrians are crying in the middle." Pedestrian tears three words, straight to the pores of the year. In the place where the Empress Dowager Longyou was chased, the poet felt the danger of founding the country, was angered by the rampant nomadic people, and was ashamed of the country, turning grief and indignation into sad sentences. In the poet's heart and soul, this river is full of tears for people who are constantly flowing. Pedestrian tears have profound implications, so I don't need to repeat them. From the Central Plains to Jianghuai and Jiangnan, I don't know how many people shed countless sad tears during the Jian Yan period. From this point of view, I think that the dragon building was chased to stoma, which is a symbol of that key autumn. There is no doubt that the tears of pedestrians in this river also include the sad tears of poets.
"Looking at Chang 'an in the northwest, there are countless mountains. "Chang' an refers to Bianjing, looking north in the northwest. Because the poet recalled the pursuit of Longyou, he remembered that the land of China was sinking, and it was better for him to see Bianjing independently than for Kuizhou to see Chang 'an independently. Looking up at Chang 'an, the realm is infinitely high. But unfortunately, there are countless green hills that can't be seen, and the realm has become closed, which is very powerful. Although Xie Pai secretly used the story of Li Mian's visit to Yugutai, he wrote his own loyalty. Zhuo Renyue's Ci Tong says, "Loyalty and anger blow fingers." Absolutely.
"The castle peak can't be covered, after all, it flows eastward." The Ganjiang River flows north, but this word flows east. The poet writes from the heart, so there is no need to stick to it. Numerous green hills can cover Chang 'an, but after all, they can't cover the east water. A makeover is to write about the future. If words have sustenance, it seems difficult to refer to reality. If words are not pinned, they can't cover up the second language after all, which is obviously emotional. Zhou Ji's Selected Poems of Song Sijia says, "Water complains about mountains." It can be said that it has eyes. This sentence cannot be separated from mountains and rivers. Try to appreciate three words and push away the feeling of being surrounded by green mountains. After all, the two characters are deeper and more powerful. Looking back, Qingjiang River is a metaphor for pedestrians' tears, while the river flowing eastward is a metaphor for the motherland. Numerous green hills, the poet sighed to cover Chang 'an, and said that he could not cover the East, so it was a metaphor for the enemy. In the poet's subconscious, it refers to the capitulators. The word "east flow" is particularly delicious. "Shang Yu Shu Gong" says: "Jianghan Dynasty lived at sea." In China's cultural tradition, rivers, the sun and the moon are the embodiment of "health", so "a gentleman strives for self-improvement" (Xi Ci). Du Lao's "Two Poems on the Yangtze River" says: "Who respects thieves and loyalists?" "Vast, but deep in the east. Many people return to the sea, and all countries serve your heart. " So, if you have to say anything, just change your head and ask for it. The river flows eastward, which means the direction of justice. However, the situation is not optimistic, and the poet's mood is not easy.
"The river is worried at night, and the mountains are deeply heard." Ci's situation was once again greatly frustrated. The mountains at the end of the Yangtze River are deep, and this twilight is a closed realm, which is no different from the lonely portrayal of the poet's depression, and the darkness should be combined with the image of the fishing drum platform at the beginning. I'm worried. My eyes are embarrassed in the language book "Songs of the South, Nine Songs and Lady Xiang". Chu Sao's melancholy tone adds to the gloomy atmosphere of artistic conception. What's more, I can hear the voice of a partridge deep in the chaotic mountain: "I can't go too far." "Bird Classic" Zhang Hua's note: "The partridge will fly south, and its ambition is in the south, not in the north." Bai Juyi's "Partridge on the Mountain": "Crying till dawn can only worry about northerners, and southerners are used to it." The partridge calls on the poet not to forget to return to the embrace of the south. Suppress the loyalty of hooking up with his ambitions? Or is it the cry of the elders in the Central Plains on the other side of the mountain? It's really hard to explain. But it can be asserted that writing a pen is worrying. However, it can also be asserted that the real court blindly compromised and the Central Plains has not been recovered for a long time. A sad knot disappeared.
Liang Qichao said: "Bodhisattva Man has never been so loud." (Selected Poems of the Art Museum) This word expresses the deep yearning for the national crisis during the period of making suggestions and the lost land since Jingkang. As a result, Tao's well-known Love for Children became the swan song of the patriotic spirit in the Southern Song Dynasty. The application of metaphor in ci pays attention to things from the perspective of eyes, reaching a very high level of metaphor tradition. Its landscape is nothing more than clear rivers and countless mountains. Its mind contains all kinds of sad thoughts about the country, the past and the present, and all kinds of thoughts are written with the landscape. Obviously there are sustenance, but it is difficult to mention them one by one. But its main implication can be realized and its mind can be understood. This artistic accomplishment of writing the whole mind in an all-round artistic conception and entrusting the use of metaphor to people is not necessarily one by one, which is one of China's aesthetic ideals. The whole poem is full of spiritual activities and latent qi, which has both the beauty of smart logic and melancholy, and can be compared with Li Taibai's homophonic poems in the history of Ci.