Li Bai's poem "Fire shines on the heavens and the earth, and the red star is in chaos" is related to smelting workers. Smelters work very hard, and their work involves many dangers and challenges. Smelters need to work in high temperature, high pressure and chemical corrosion environment.
They should not only overcome the threat of high temperature and chemical mixture to the surrounding environment, but also carefully operate and operate the equipment to prevent accidents. Although the work of smelting workers can bring huge economic returns, it is very harmful to physical and mental health.
Data expansion:
Metal smelting is the process of changing metal from chemical state to free state. The common method is to use carbon, carbon monoxide, hydrogen and other reducing agents to react with metal oxides at high temperature to obtain simple metal.
There are more than 200 enterprises engaged in the mining, smelting and separation of rare earth minerals in China, which have been able to produce more than 400 kinds of rare earth products with nearly 1,000 specifications, such as single rare earth oxide, single rare earth metal, rare earth salt, rare earth alloy and rare earth functional materials.
But also extended to high added value, refined, deep-processed products and downstream application products. With the rapid development of new materials, military industry, aerospace, new energy vehicles and other industries in China, the development prospect of rare earth metal smelting industry is promising.
Hydrometallurgy is a preparation method for extracting the required metal components from ores, which takes the aqueous solution of acid, alkali and salt as the main reaction. This method is mainly suitable for low-grade, refractory or ultrafine ores.
75% of zinc and cadmium in the world are made by roasting-leaching-aqueous solution electrolysis. This method has largely replaced the past pyrometallurgical zinc smelting. Other metals that are difficult to separate, such as nickel-cobalt, zirconium-hafnium, tantalum-niobium and rare earth metals, are separated by hydrometallurgical techniques such as solvent extraction or ion exchange, and remarkable results have been achieved.
Electrolysis is suitable for active metals such as sodium, calcium, potassium and magnesium. ) and metals that need purification and refining.