In the teaching of ancient poetry, I tried to embody the following points:
First, walk into life and feel the same.
Students' thinking is based on perceptual experience, and what they have experienced and felt will leave a deep impression in their hearts, which will be the basis for them to understand other similar things. So at the beginning of the class, I communicated with the students in the form of dialogue. Are you eager to find a friend to play with, but you can't find a friend? What was your mood at that time? On this topic, the floodgate of students' memory has been opened. Mobilizing students like this is similar to the poet Jia Dao's life experience of finding a hermit, which will soon arouse their resonance with the poet's thoughts, and the effect is very good.
Second, learning status, student-led
Students are the masters of learning, and the new curriculum standard actively advocates independent, cooperative and inquiry learning methods, so the initiative in class should be given to students, who should be explorers and discoverers of knowledge.
Therefore, when I understand the meaning of poetry, I don't instill the meaning of words, words and sentences into students at once, or memorize them by rote, but guide them to mobilize the strength of the group, explore independently and cooperate with notes and reference books. Through active study and inquiry, even if they only learn a word and understand a sentence, it is also the result of their own thinking. The joy after success and the self-confidence that has been established can't be suppressed by any force.
Third, the form is flexible and stimulates innovation.
The genre of this poem is very special, belonging to the question-and-answer style, with questions and answers or questions and no answers, and the questions are obscure. Some students lack the ability of imagination and association, which makes them have a little knowledge of poetry, and the description of poetry is also nuanced, and the preface does not match the latter. If we can enrich the content of ancient poetry through performance and show the process of searching, we can not only let those students understand poetry and appreciate the realm of poetry, but also let active students develop their thinking and innovate their understanding, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone. Sure enough, such a bold idea made the students realize their wishes of writing, directing and performing. The performance made the students who had a little knowledge of poetry suddenly enlightened and excited. This performance made those students who know a little about poetry sincerely sigh: alas, this trip was in vain!
In teaching, there are still some deviations in the interpretation of new ideas, and the understanding is still superficial, but I believe that as long as we continue to learn and explore, rural students' classrooms can also shine.
Reflections on the teaching of absent notes? When I asked your students under a pine tree, "my teacher," he replied, "went to pick herbs." However, through these clouds, how can I know which corner of the mountain it is facing? . ? Jia Dao's Notes on Absence from School is easy to understand, and students can understand its main idea after reading it several times. Therefore, when preparing lessons, I compressed and recompressed the reading and poetic understanding of ancient poetry, in order not to do useless work and try to simplify it as much as possible. So what do you do for the rest of the time? For deeper teaching-enjoy this exquisite poem with students.
There is such a question in the after-class exercise of this lesson, which requires students to understand the scene described in this poem and write it down. This seemingly simple writing problem is actually not easy. If understanding the meaning of ancient poetry is the goal in the teaching process, then many students will turn this practice into translating ancient poetry. Since then, the artistic conception described in ancient poetry has disappeared. What I imagine is to guide students to appreciate this ancient poem together and explore the plot and feelings hidden behind the text with them. Only through such a teaching link can students write their writing exercises well, and I can get the most authentic and effective feedback from such homework. So I set the main teaching goal of this poem as: to understand the artistic conception of ancient poetry, to expand my rich and reasonable imagination, and to rewrite this poem into words.
With this clear goal, then my whole classroom teaching will focus on and serve this goal. The following is my main teaching process:
First, reading ancient poetry for the first time and understanding poetry
As mentioned above, this ancient poem is so simple that almost all students can read it aloud. After teaching this lesson, it also confirmed my expectation. I just need to join. Only? ,? Cloud depth? With a little help from these two places, students can understand this poem completely and accurately.
Second, read the ancient poems again to touch the mood.
This link is divided into two steps. The first step is to guide students to put words into poems. Ask and answer? Read it? Three questions and three answers? . ? Where is your master? He went to get the medicine. ? Where is it? On this mountain. ? Where are you going? How can I tell through these clouds? . .
With this link to concretize the dialogue process, I will lead the students to the second step: touch the author's mood changes in this process. ? When I asked your students under the pine tree. : excited and eager, full of expectations; ? "My teacher," he replied, "went to pick herbs"? : feel disappointed and unwilling; ? But towards which corner of the mountain? A glimmer of hope; ? How can I tell through these clouds? ? I feel very lost and helpless. In this part of the teaching, I put students in their own shoes and combined with the guidance of reading aloud, so that students can quickly master a series of complicated psychological changes of the poet.
Third, read the ancient poems deeply and experience the artistic conception.
Through the first two links, students grasp the plot and understand the emotion, so the teaching progresses to a deeper level-understanding the artistic conception. The artistic conception of this poem is mainly through? Looking for the shadow of a hermit? To achieve it. What kind of person is the hermit Jia Dao is looking for? I guide students to try to find hermits from every word in the poem? Shadow? . The most obvious one was discovered by the students themselves:? Collecting medicine? . First of all, in ancient times, people who knew medical skills, except specialists, were often knowledgeable people. It seems that the hermit is a clever man. Secondly, hermits who live in seclusion in the mountains are often indifferent to the world. And this hermit who collects herbs is probably the people who care about Li and collect herbs for the people. It seems that this is another benevolent person who helps the poor. The other two places need teachers' guidance, namely? Loose? And then what? Cloud? . These two scenes symbolize the hermit's loyalty and noble temperament respectively. Finally, I also guide students to interpret their own personality: what do you think the author was in when he finally left? Some students insist that he got nothing and returned disappointed; However, some students think that although he failed to see the true face of the hermit, he learned a lesson from it. Loose? 、? Cloud? Things, and then what? Collecting medicine? The hermit's temperament was appreciated in this matter, so I came to glad you came. In fact, there is no unified answer, no matter what kind of conclusion, it is based on a more accurate grasp of the artistic conception of ancient poetry. Understanding artistic conception is my goal, so why pursue the final answer?
Fourth, guide the planning and rewrite the text.
When arranging students to rewrite ancient poems, I put forward three requirements: 1, which must be a complete story, with an appropriate beginning and end besides the main plot of the dialogue. 2. In the narrative of the whole story, the poet's mood change process must be written. 3. There must be two descriptions of the scenery. One is the description of the mountain forest where the hermit lives at the beginning, and the other is what the author sees? Cloud depth? Scene description.
The capacity of this instructional design course is still relatively large, so when students start writing, it is only about five minutes before class is over, and most students can only finish a beginning. But I looked at the students' exercise books and found that there were many excellent works among the students. It can be seen that the teaching effect of this course is still relatively real. This class, let me feel more truly: clear goal is the primary task of preparing lessons (teaching design), and service goal is the basic purpose of classroom teaching (teaching process).