Li Wei? [five generations]
When is the moon in spring and autumn? How much do you know about the past? The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the bright moon.
Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. How much sadness can you have? Like a river flowing eastward.
translate
When did the beautiful time of spring flowers and autumn moon end? How much do you remember from before? Last night, there was a spring breeze blowing in the small building. On this bright night, how can I bear the pain of thinking of my hometown?
Carefully carved railings and jade steps should still be there, but the people I miss are aging. Ask me how much sadness I have in my heart, just like the endless flow of water from the spring river to the east.
To annotate ...
This piece of music was originally Tang's. Yu Meiren, Xiang Yu's favorite concubine, had a flower in the ground after her death, which was named after her. Also known as "One River Spring Water", "Yuhu Water" and "Twelve Peaks in Wushan". Two tones, fifty-six words, four sentences in the upper and lower parts, all with two rhymes and two flat rhymes.
Spring flowers and autumn moon: refers to the change of seasons.
End: end, end.
Old Country: A Guide to Jinling (now Nanjing), the Old Capital of the Tang Dynasty.
Masonry: steps.
Jade carving railings: jade carving railings and steps, a general guide to Tang Palace. Stop, a lever. Step building
It should be static: a "static".
Zhu Yan 'ai: It means that the person you miss is old.
Jun: The author calls himself.
Capable: or "all", "that", "return" and "deny"
How much: How much.
Distinguish and appreciate
Yu Meiren is Li Yu's masterpiece and Li Houzhu's desperate words. According to legend, on the night of his birthday (July 7th) ("Chinese Valentine's Day"), he ordered a geisha to have fun in his apartment and sang a well-known new work "Yu Meiren". Song Taizong was furious after hearing this, so he ordered people to poison his medicinal liquor. This word shows the endless sadness of a king who has died in the country in a way that contrasts the past with the present.
"When is the moon in spring flowers? How much do you know about the past! " In the third spring of bloom, the Mid-Autumn Festival is full, and the years are constantly changing. How wonderful life is. But when will my painful years as a prisoner end? "When is the spring flower and autumn moon?" It indicates that the poet, as a prisoner, is afraid that the spring flowers and the autumn moon will remind him of the past and make him sad. Looking back, as a monarch, how did you do so many things in the past and how did you get to today? According to historical records, when Li Yu was a monarch, he indulged in debauchery every day, ignored the state affairs and killed the admonishers in vain ... Through this poem, we can easily see that the ruler of Weah became a prisoner in the Southern Tang Dynasty. At this moment, his heart is not only bitter and indignant, but also somewhat regretful. "The small building was easterly again last night, and the country could not bear to look back at the middle of next month." The spring breeze in the small building is blowing again, and the spring flowers are in full bloom again. Recalling the Southern Tang Dynasty and Li's hometown-the old country died early. The poet lives in a prison house, listening to the spring breeze, watching the bright moon, touching the scenery, feeling sad and unable to sleep at night. The word "you" shows that this situation has happened many times, and this mental pain is really unbearable. "You" points out the time series changes of "Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon", and the poet lived in the Song Dynasty for another year, which aggravated the sadness revealed in the last two sentences and also led to the poet's memories of the past of the motherland.
"The jade fence should still be there, but Zhu Yan changed it." Although "the old country is unbearable to look back", we still can't help looking back. These two sentences are dedicated to "looking back" and "old country"-the magnificent palace in Jinling, the old capital, is probably still there, but Zhu Yan, the maid-in-waiting who lost her country, has changed. This implies that Li Houzhu's country has a surname, and the mountains and rivers change color! The word "Zhu Yan" here refers to the pink girl in the former palace, but at the same time it is a symbol of all the good things and good life in the past. In the above six sentences, the poet tried his best to integrate beauty and sadness, past and present, scenery and personnel, especially through the strong contrast between the eternity of nature and the vicissitudes of personnel, and poured out the sadness and regret contained in his chest in a tortuous way, condensing it into the last eternal swan song-"How much sadness can you have?" Like a river flowing eastward. The poet first pointed out the abstract noumenon "sorrow" with thought-provoking questions, and then answered it with a vivid metaphor of the running river "water". It is very appropriate to use the spring water of the whole river as a metaphor for being full of sorrow and hate. It not only shows the long and far-reaching sorrow and hate, but also shows the turbulent turmoil of sorrow and hate, which fully reflects the strength and depth of feelings in the Pentium. The whole poem uses clear, concise, beautiful and fresh language, and uses various rhetorical devices such as metaphor, comparison and questioning to highly summarize and incisively express the poet's true feelings. No wonder the predecessors praised Li Yu's words as "songs of blood and tears" and "one word and one bead". The whole word is answered in white. In the question and answer, I look back at the past closely, feeling that the past and the present are written naturally, and I finished it in one breath, and finally entered the realm of the word, making the word look vast and majestic.
Creation background
This word and "Waves and Sand Rain Outside the Curtain" were written before Li Yu was poisoned, that is, in the third year of the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 978), Li Yu returned to the Song Dynasty for nearly three years. In the eighth year of Song Taizu Kaibao (AD 975), Song Jun attacked Jinling, the capital of Nantang, Li Yufeng surrendered and Nantang perished. Three years later, that is, three years of peaceful rejuvenation, Xu Xuan was ordered by Song Taizong to visit Li Yu, and Li Yu sighed at Xu Xuan: "I regret killing Pan You and Li Ping by mistake!" It is probably in this state of mind that Li Yu wrote the word "Yu Meiren".
Brief introduction of the author
Li Yu (August, 93715-August, 978 13), the sixth son of Li Jing, was born in Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and his ancestral home was Pengcheng (now tongshan district, Xuzhou, Jiangsu). Li Yu is proficient in calligraphy, painting, melody and poetry, especially in ci. Li Yu's ci has inherited the tradition of Huajian poets such as Wen and Wei Zhuang since the late Tang Dynasty, and has been influenced by Li Jing and Feng Yansi. Its language is bright, vivid, sincere and distinctive. After the national subjugation, his ci was characterized by a wide range of themes and profound meanings, and it was unique among the five pronouns in the late Tang Dynasty, which had a far-reaching influence on the later ci circles.