Night berth near Fengqiao
Tang zhangji
Crows fell on the moon, crowed coldly, slept on maple trees, and slept in fishing lanes by the river.
In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
Translation:
The moon sets in the west, the autumn frost is all over the sky, and there are several cries in front of Wutai Mountain;
The fishing fire on the river reflects the red maple tree, which provokes me with melancholy.
Oh, the famous Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou;
The midnight bell floated to my boat.
Poetic:
One autumn night, the poet anchored at Fengqiao outside Suzhou. The beautiful scenery of autumn night in Jiangnan water town attracted this traveler with travel worries, which made him appreciate a poetic beauty with meaningful feelings and wrote this poem with clear artistic conception. The title is "Sleeping at Night", but actually it only writes about the sights and feelings in the middle of the night. The first sentence of the poem describes three closely related scenes at midnight: the setting of the moon, crows and frost all over the sky. The first quarter moon rose early and sank in the middle of the night, leaving only a gray light and shadow in the whole sky. The tree perches probably because of the change of light and shade before and after the setting of the moon, and after being awakened, it makes several crows. The moon sets in the middle of the night, and the frost is black. In the dark and quiet environment, people's feeling of cold at night becomes particularly acute. The description of frosty days does not conform to the reality of natural landscape (frost is on the ground but not in the sky), but it completely conforms to the poet's feelings: the chill that attacks the bones and muscles in the middle of the night and surrounds the poet's boat moored at night from all directions makes him feel that the vast night sky outside him is filled with frosty days. The whole sentence, written by the setting moon, written by crows and written by frost all over the sky, clearly reflects a continuous process of time and feeling. And all this is harmoniously unified in the cold and cheerless atmosphere of autumn night in the water town and the lonely feeling of travelers. From here we can see the poet's meticulous thinking.
The second sentence of this poem goes on to describe the characteristic landscape of night parking near Fengqiao and the feelings of travelers. In the dim night, the trees by the river can only see a vague outline. Perhaps the reason why it is called Jiang Feng is a guess caused by the name Qiao Feng, or the image of Jiang Feng is chosen to give readers a hint of autumn. There are maple trees on the water of Zhanjiang River, which are thousands of miles away, hurting the heart of spring, and the green maple is hard to worry about. These predecessors' poems can explain the emotional content precipitated by the word Jiang Feng and its association. Through the misty river, you can see several fishing fires, which are particularly eye-catching and charming because of the hazy mist background around them. Jiang Feng and fishing fire, one static and one dynamic, one dark and one bright, one river and one river, the combination of scenery is quite intentional. When I wrote this article, I pointed out the passengers moored at Qiao Feng Bridge. Sad sleep refers to a traveler lying on a boat with sadness. The opposite of sad sleep contains the meaning of companionship, but it is not as exposed as companionship. There are indeed lonely travelers here, who are haunted by lingering light worries when fishing on frosty nights, but at the same time they imply a fresh feeling for the beautiful scenery of the journey. From that seemingly objective confrontation, it seems that we can feel a silent blend and fit between the passengers inside the ship and the scenery outside the ship.
The scenery in front of the poem is very dense, and six scenes are written in fourteen words, but the pictures behind it are particularly sparse. The two poems only wrote one thing: sleeping in the night clock of the mountain temple. This is because the midnight bell of Hanshan Temple is the most vivid, profound and poetic impression the poet got in a night-mooring near maple bridge. Moonsetting, Frosty Night, Fishing by the River, Lonely Boat and other scenes. It shows the characteristics of night parking near Fengqiao in all aspects, but it is not enough to convey its charm. In the dark, people's hearing rises to the first place in the feeling of external things. And the silent night bell gives people a particularly strong impression. In this way, the midnight bell not only sets off the silence of the night, but also reveals the depth and clarity of the night, not to mention the unspeakable feelings of the poet when he lies listening to the bell.
It seems that Hanshan Temple outside Gusu can't be ignored here. Hanshan Temple, located in the west of Qiao Feng, was founded in the Liang Dynasty. Hanshan, a poet and monk in the early Tang Dynasty, once lived here, hence the name. The poetic beauty of Qiao Feng, together with this ancient temple, has brought the color of history and culture, making it more rich and moving. Therefore, the midnight bell of Hanshan Temple seems to echo the echo of history, permeated with religious feelings, giving people a quaint and solemn feeling. It seems that the poet pointed out the source of the bell with a poem. As the midnight bell of Hanshan Temple rings, the charm of a night-mooring near maple bridge is perfectly expressed. This poem no longer stays at the level of pure landscape painting on autumn nights in Qiao Feng, but creates a typical artistic conception of blending scenes. Although the custom of midnight was recorded as early as in heather, it was Zhang Ji's creation to write it into poetry and become the eye of poetic artistic conception. At the same time or after Zhang Ji, although many poets described midnight, they did not reach Zhang Ji's level, let alone create a complete artistic conception.