Lu You's life is full of heroism and the spirit of dying for his country. His poems are full of high-spirited fighting spirit, grief and indignation, and are desolate and gloomy. Let's enjoy this patriotic heart sound.
In the winter of the eighth year of Avenue (1 172), Lu You was transferred back to Chengdu from Nanzheng, riding a donkey over Jianmen Mountain, and his body and situation evoked the association of a series of poems, so he wrote this poetic poem. Nanzheng was then a military town on the front line of the Anti-Gold War, where poets often "slept in the pommel horse house". Chengdu is the most prosperous city outside the capital Lin 'an (Hangzhou). Li Bai's poem "Difficult Road to Shu" says "Although the sword gate is indestructible, it is difficult for ten thousand people to enter if one person guards it"; Du Fu entered Shu from Qin Dynasty, crossed Jianmen, and wrote the poem "Jianmen": "Heaven is in danger, Jianmen is better than the world". The realm in poetry is not only provided by life itself, but also supplemented and enriched by the poetic realm of the ancients. The poet's journey is from the front to the rear, from the battlefield to the metropolis, to go to danger and rest. However, what does the poet think?
First of all, as far as clothes are concerned, I don't talk about rain wetting clothes, but about "dust and wine marks", which shows the author's skillful writing. If you only write that it is raining and wet clothes, it means that the journey is hard, the capacity is not large, and it is repeated. "Dust mixed with wine stains" is an unfulfilled ambition and sadness everywhere ("the soul disappears everywhere"), which profoundly summarizes the poet's situation and mood. Vacuum, first of all, comes from running all the way, and at the same time it can be regarded as the vacuum of "Ma Tie Qiu Feng Guan" on the front line of Nanzheng. The two kinds of vacuum are in contrast. The author likes front dust removal rather than rear dust removal, but his favorite dust removal is gone forever. This caused the author's feelings. The only way is to drink and drown your sorrows. Poets don't drink at ordinary times, so they drink with grief and indignation. At this time, the author is not a travel-stained drinker image, but an angry and depressed patriot image.
The word "nowhere" in "A Journey to the Soul" includes both the places I have experienced in the past and the sword gate I have been to when I wrote this poem. In other words, when he traveled far and crossed the sword gate, he was "stained with dust and wine on his clothes". What about his heart? I was shocked again. What caused the "ecstasy" was the drizzle in autumn and winter, not the "Iron Horse Glacier", but riding a donkey back to Shu. I can't help feeling sad about Lu You, who is immortal.
Should I just be a poet? This sentence was suddenly asked. A poet never wants to be just a poet. Lu You aims at restoring the lost land in the north and is not willing to be limited by poets. Poets disdain to be just a gentleman, but hope to gallop on the battlefield, make contributions, serve the motherland, make a difference in politics, and realize their ideals and life values.
Riding a donkey into the sword gate in drizzle vividly writes the image of a long journey. Travelers are servants in the drizzle, with wine stains on their clothes, riding on the back of donkeys and singing poems. The movement, expression and scenery of this sentence are all written, especially the image of riding a donkey is full of poetry. Riding an ass has many stories and deeds of poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Meng Haoran riding an ass over snow, Li Bai riding an ass drunk and swimming in Huayin, Du Fu's poem "Riding an ass for thirteen years, swimming in Beijing and eating in spring", Jia Dao riding an ass and Li He riding an ass to find a sentence, so that Zheng Qi said that "the poem is in the snow of Baqiao, and the donkey is on his back". Isn't it very similar to the scene of Lu You riding a donkey in the rain in Baqiao Snow? It is an emotional scene to ride a donkey through the sword gate and enter Shu in the drizzle. Thinking of these ancient poems and the footprints on the donkey's back, I don't feel that I have entered the role and realm of a poet, comparable to the previous generation. But what's the use of being a poet? Half of the motherland falls into the hands of the Jin people, and even if there are good days, it can only increase sorrow. Why ride a donkey into the sword gate in the drizzle instead of living on the battlefield? He doesn't care about personal comfort and the prosperity of the city. He is just "tired of poetry" (Liang Qichao's words), and he doesn't want to die as a poet. This is why Lu You is Lu You. The voice of "Julian Waghann concentrated in the north, and remembered the family sacrifice" is still in my ears, and the poet's patriotic feelings are obvious to the world.
This time I came to the rear from the front line of Nanzheng, and I didn't meet my talent. I volunteered. I can't serve my country. It's hard to complain about my feelings. My ambition is hard to be rewarded, and I can only become a poet in the end. Therefore, poets laugh at themselves in depression, laugh at themselves in pain, and pretend to be relaxed, which is actually more painful.
There were many poets in ancient China who never regarded being a poet as their ultimate goal in life, such as Qu Yuan, Cao Zhi, Li Bai, Du Fu, Lu You and Xin Qiji. China intellectuals' complex of worrying about the country and the people comes down in one continuous line from Qu Yuan, flowing in the blood of every Chinese descendant. This may not be obvious when the country is in its prime. If it encounters war and foreign enemies invade, their role will be very prominent. Intellectuals with conscience will stand up and turn their backs, which is the most precious character of China intellectuals. "Worry about the world first, and enjoy it later" is their portrayal. Guo Moruo's "Destroying the Family to Solve Problems" and Ai Qing's "Why do I often have tears in my eyes?" Because I love this land deeply ... "("I love this land ") For thousands of years, we will be awed by reading their poems and understanding their deeds. It is this spirit and complex that makes Chinese civilization endless and handed down from generation to generation. We should inherit and carry forward.
This poem can be regarded as a heart sound of Lu You's patriotism, accompanying the Chinese nation from ancient times to the present, and forever!
The second understanding
Jianmenguan is the main traffic artery in northern Sichuan. At that time, Lu You was transferred from southern Shaanxi to Chengdu to take up his new post, passing by and writing this poem. The poet rode a donkey, travel-stained, and came from far away. He walked all the way, drank all the way, and was handsome. It's just that it's unsightly to go out early and come back late. The clothes are too heavy to wash, and they are covered in dust and wine stains. Today, when I set foot on the ancient Jiange Road, it was cloudy and raining in Mao Mao. He sat firmly on the donkey's back, staggered on the rugged terrain, looked in all directions, sang a few words from time to time, and gradually, Jianmenguan was behind him and entered Jiannan.
Isn't this mood chic and romantic enough? So he couldn't help asking himself if he should be a poet. The answer is undoubtedly yes. Because: since ancient times, poets have been drinking more, and Li Bai has written hundreds of poems about fighting wine. Du Fu's capacity for drinking is not lower than Li Bai's. Now, the wine stains on the shirts just show that they have the same hobbies as "poetry immortals" and "poetry saints". Riding a donkey is also a poet's pleasure. Isn't it a well-known story that Li He rode a donkey and took his children out to find poetry? Now I'm riding a donkey in the drizzle and coming to Jianmenguan. In this way, being a poet is worthy of the name.
But why do you feel sad because you are everywhere? This involves the consistent pursuit of Lu You and the situation at that time. He was born in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, when Jin Bing invaded. From an early age, he aimed at restoring the Central Plains. Writing poetry is just a way for him to express his hug. However, there is no way to serve the country. I went to the front line in Shaanxi and lived in the army for nearly half a century. Now I have to go to the rear to take a leisurely post and become an armchair poet again. How can a person be satisfied with this!
So, "Is this body a poet?" It is not a patriot's complacency, but a helpless self-mockery and self-sigh. Imagine, if you don't pretend to be humorous, who will seriously regard drinking on the donkey as a symbol of the poet? Dear readers, please touch and understand the tremor of the poet's painful heart through his humorous and unique style!