Original text:
Thin shadows
Jiang Kui
Moss branches are decorated with jade, and there are small green birds that live together on the branches. Meet in the guest, hedge corner dusk, no words to lean on bamboo. Zhaojun is not used to Hu Shayuan, but he remembers the south of the Yangtze River and the north of the Yangtze River. I want to wear a ring, come back on a moonlit night, and turn into this flower.
I still remember the old story in the deep palace. The man was sleeping and flying near the moth green. Nothing is like the spring breeze, no matter what it is, it is early to arrange the golden house. Still teach a piece to go with the wave, but complain, jade dragon laments the song. When the time comes, I will find the fragrance again and have entered the small window banner.
Explanation of the words:
(1) Silhouette: the name of the epigraph, Jiang Kui's self-directed song.
(2) Xinhai: the second year of Shaoxi in South Song Guangzong (1191).
(3) carrying snow: take a boat in the snow. Yi: Here we are. Shihu: In the southwest of Suzhou, it connects with Taihu Lake. Fan Chengda, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, lived in Shihu in the southwest of Suzhou in his later years.
(4) last month: refers to having just lived for one month.
(5) Give a simple sentence: give paper for poetic tune. Jane: Paper.
[6] Sign a new voice: seek a new tone of words.
(7) playing with: refers to appreciating repeatedly.
⑻ Two prostitutes: musicians and geisha. Sixi: Learning.
⑼ Dimfragrance and Thin Shadow: The poem Xiao Mei in the Mountain Garden by Lin Bu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, says: "The thin shadow is horizontal and shallow, and the faint fragrance floats at dusk."
⑽ Moss branches adorn jade: Fan Chengda's Plum Spectrum says that Gu Mei in Shaoxing and Xing Wu "has moss hanging between branches, or several inches long, and green silk fluttering for fun." Zhou Mi's Notes on Ganchun Residences: "There are two kinds of moss plum, Zhanggong Cave in Yixing, with thick moss and extremely fragrant flowers. One is out of the soil, the moss is like green silk, and it is more than a foot long. " Mossy branches, plum branches with moss. Decorated with jade, plum blossoms are covered with branches like beautiful jade.
⑾ "There are green birds": use the story of Luo Fu's dream. The old title Liu Zongyuan's "Dragon City Record" contains that Zhao Shixiong visited Luofu Mountain in the Sui Dynasty, dreaming at night and having a meal with a woman in plain makeup, and the woman was fragrant. There is another boy in green, laughing, singing and dancing. When Zhao woke up, he found himself lying under a big plum tree, where kingfishers were singing happily, and he saw that "the moon is setting and crossing, but it's just melancholy." Yin Yaofan's poem "Plum Blossoms in Friends' Mountains" says: "A good wind wakes Luo Fu's dream, so don't listen to the sound of an empty forest." Wuqian's "Thin Shadow" words: "Idle thinking about Luo Fu's old hatred, some people are drunk and green." Kingfisher, kingfisher. Jin Guo Pu's "Guest Pride": "The husband climbs the beard of the dragon and caresses the hair of the green birds, but he can't escape the summer and cross Tianjin. He has never heard of it before."
⑿ Keli: the period of leaving home. Tang Mourong's poem "Send Fan Qidong back to Beijing": "Old friends in the guest respect wine, and wandering around the world is harmful." Baishi was from Jiangxi and lived in Suzhou at that time.
[13] dusk: when the sun has set and it is not dark. "The Songs of Chu Li Sao": "At dusk, I changed my way by staying in the middle of the road."
[14] Wordless sentence: Du Fu's poem "Beauty": "and, forgetting her thin silk sleeve and the cold, she leans in the sunset by a tall bamboo."
⒂ "Zhao Jun" four sentences: Du Fu's "Five Poems about Historical Monuments" third: "she went out from the purple palace into the desertland, she has now become a green grave in the yellow dusk. Her face! Can you picture a wind of the spring?, Huan Peikong is the soul of jathyapple. Her face! Can you picture a wind of the spring?, go back to the moonlit soul. Song of the Tartars on her jade guitar, telling her eternal sorrow. " Wang Jian's poem "On the Yongmei" reads: "There are plum trees along the Tianshan Road, and the flowers turn yellow every year. Zhao Jun has no Han envoy back. Who is the horse before and after the recruitment? "
⒃ "Remember" three sentences: Use Princess Shouyang. Moth, describing the slender eyebrows; Green, the turquoise color of eyebrows. The Book of Miscellaneous Five Elements is quoted in Taiping Yu Lan as saying: "Princess Shouyang, a female in Song Wudi, lies under the eaves of the temple containing chapters every day, and plum blossoms fall on the princess's forehead, forming five flowers and can't be brushed away. The queen left it for a long time, but after three days, it was washed. The ladies-in-waiting are strange and competitive, and today's plum blossom makeup is also. "
⒄ Arrange the Golden House: In The Story of Hanwu, Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, said to his aunt when he was young, "If Gillian is married, store it as a golden house." Yingying, with beautiful manners, refers to plum blossoms here.
⒅ Elegy of Jade Dragon: Ma Rong's Flute Ode: "Long Ming can't see himself in the water, but the sound of cutting bamboo is similar." Yulong, namely Yu Di. Li Bai's poem "Listening to the flute on the Yellow Crane Tower with Shi Lang Zhongqin": "Yu Di plays in the Yellow Crane Tower, and plum blossoms fall in Jiangcheng in May." Mourning song refers to the flute "Plum Blossom Fall". This song is a popular music in ancient times, which makes people sad. Tang Pi Rixiu's "Q&A at the Night Meeting" said that listening to the song "Plum Blossom Fall" was "white before the end of three plays", which can be seen. Therefore, it is called "Jade Dragon Mourning Song".
when (nèn): at that time. Feng Yansi's poem "Remembering Jiangnan" in the Southern Tang Dynasty: "There are flowers in the east wind for the second time, but it is necessary to make an appointment and start again."
⒇ Small window banner: "Plum Blossom Poem" by Cui Lu in the late Tang Dynasty: "It has been carved into beams and paintings at the beginning, and I am worried about Yu Di blowing before it falls." Chen Yuyi's poem "Ink and Wash Plum": "The eyes and windows draw oblique branches, which is absolutely better than when it snows at night in Qiancun." This paraphrases its meaning.
Thin-film translation:
The branches of the moss plum are decorated with plum blossoms, which are crystal clear as jade, and two small kingfishers live among the plum blossoms. I saw her beautiful image when I was traveling in a foreign country, like a beautiful woman leaning against a slender bamboo in the dusk when the sunset slanted against the fence. Just as Wang Zhaojun married the Huns and was not used to the desert in the north, history secretly missed the homeland in the south and north of the Yangtze River. I think she wore a ding-dong hoop and came back on a moonlit night, turning into a ghost of plum blossom, ethereal and lonely.
I still remember an old story in Shouyang Palace. Princess Shouyang was in a spring dream, and a plum blossom flew down on her brow. Don't be like a ruthless spring breeze, no matter how beautiful and fragrant plum blossoms are, they will still blow her away. We should arrange a golden house for her early so that she can have a good home. But it was just a waste of thought, and she still drifted away with the waves piece by piece. And then ruthenium Yu Di will play sad music. At that time, I want to look for the fragrance of plum again, and what I see is a plum flower, which is independent and fragrant.
Background of the creation of thin film:
This poem was written in the second year of Song Guang Zong Shaoxi (1191), which was the same year as the poet "Long Pavilion is full of resentment." That winter, Jiang Kui visited Fan Chengda in Shihu with snow. He lived in Shihu for more than a month, and recited two songs of "Dimfragrance" and "Thin Shadow", which deeply contained thoughts of worrying about the country and entrusted the misfortunes of his personal life.
Appreciation of thin shadows:
The word "thin shadows" focuses on the beautiful and aloof image of plum blossoms, and expresses the author's love for youth and beautiful things.
On the first film, plum blossom is beautiful in form and spirit. "Moss branches are decorated with jade, and there are small green birds, and the branches stay together." At the beginning, a "amphibious map" with bright colors, elegance and beauty is displayed in front of readers. It depicts an ancient plum tree, which is covered with crystal-clear plum blossoms and stays with the emerald birds. Moss branches are similar in color to emerald birds, and they are both full of vitality "green", in which plum blossoms like jewels are dotted, which is even more radiant. There is not a word of plum between the lines, but the image of plum is embossed.
Then the second picture is presented, which is "Meet in the guest, at dusk in the hedge corner, leaning on the bamboo without words", which is completely a way of writing plum. Plum blossom is the illusion of beauty. Meeting in a "guest room" and a "hedge corner dusk" is a typical environment, which highlights the lonely atmosphere. In such a lonely atmosphere, "beauty" and "self-reliance and self-cultivation". The expression of "silence" and the action of "self-reliance" highlight the image of this lonely and beautiful woman; On the other hand, it also reflects the poet's lonely feeling of missing his lover in the "guest".
under the control of this kind of loneliness, the poet thinks that the other person will be as lonely and miserable as himself. In the next sentence, I will express this feeling through Zhao Jun's departure from the fortress and his distant marriage to Fanbang. In this typical language environment, the seemingly ordinary words of "unaccustomed" and "secret memory" convey unusual deep feelings. "I want to wear a ring and come back on a moonlit night, and turn it into a lonely flower", which clearly shows the artistic conception of the illusion of human flowers. Putting it back on a "moonlit night" will highlight the temperament of "solitude". Moonlight night and dusk, flowers and jade, solitude and wordless self-reliance, fine writing and fine thread, and clear emotional context. The word "solitude" always embodies the essence of the last film and becomes the keynote of the whole word. The last few words in the last film are the key words, writing the soul of plum blossom.
In the next film, the head is changed, which shows that plum blossom not only has beautiful appearance and soul, but also has beautiful behavior-beautifying and dressing up women. At the beginning of the film, "Remembering the past events in the Deep Palace" echoes the previous film "Memorizing the south of the Yangtze River and the north of the Yangtze River" from a distance. This is because the poet imagines that his sweetheart will always think of the beautiful past when he is lonely in the distance. "The man is sleeping, flying close to the moth green" is a story called "Plum Blossom Makeup", which means the beauty of the past is unforgettable. This wonderful time is very worth cherishing. Don't be like the ruthless east wind, "No matter Yingying, arrange the golden house early." But in the end, the past is empty, and now only a beautiful memory is left. This is just like the plum blossom was finally blown off by the east wind and "gone with the waves", so we can't help but resent the "Jade Dragon Mourning Song".
"Sad for Jade Dragon" can be regarded as an evocative song played for plum blossoms. This is to affirm the importance of caring for plum blossoms from the aspect of music. Moreover, the "Jade Dragon" here echoes the "Plumbing on the Plum Side" in the previous article. As the filming draws near, the author makes great efforts to make the ending of "Thin Shadow" echo the beginning of "Dimfragrance", obviously in order to form a trend of linking the front and the back, so as to make the "serial body" he created complete in structure.
"While waiting for you, find the fragrance again, and it has entered the small window banner." It also deepens the theme from the perspective of painting. The "small window banner" in the last sentence of "Thin Shadow" should echo the "old moonlight" in the beginning sentence of "Dimfragrance", then "small window banner" can be interpreted as both a picture and a plum shadow. The bamboo shadow and plum shadow reflected by moonlight and sunlight on the paper window is also a kind of "natural picture", which is very beautiful. The image, character, soul and experience of plum blossom in Thin Shadow have entrusted the author with a sigh about his lost life experience, which shows the idea of caring for beautiful things in time.
The brushwork of this word is extremely peculiar. It arranges five allusions in a row, and uses five female characters as metaphors to set off plum blossoms, thus personalizing and personalizing plum blossoms, which is higher than the general brushwork of "taking the spirit from the appearance".
The first allusion of this word is used in the sentence "Moss branches compose jade". It tells the story of Zhao Shixiong's encounter with a fairy in Luofu Mountain in the Sui Dynasty, which can be found in the Record of Aliens quoted by Zeng Nian's Lei Shuo. The author uses this allusion, which is very clever, and only points out it briefly with "Cuiqin". Only when readers know the allusions used can they know that "moss with branches embellishing jade" can also describe the wind-induced modality of the goddess Luo Fu, and "staying together on branches" is also the fairy adventure of Xu Zhao Shixiong. Jiang Kui loves to use this code, and there is a saying in his "Mei Ling of the Creek": "Look for Yingying at the foot of the lonely mountain, and the green birds will sing for a spring." This allusion makes the plum blossom and the goddess Luo Fu merge into one, which is like a flower but not a flower, like a human being, and adds a layer of mysterious color in addition to elegance and comeliness.
The three sentences of "Keli" turn from "staying together" to loneliness, which leads to the second allusion-the beautiful woman described by poet Du Fu. Du Fu's poem "Beauty" begins and ends with a cloud: "who is lovelier than she?, yet she lives alone in an empty valley. And, forgetting her thin silk sleeve and the cold, she leans in the sunset by a tall bamboo. " This beautiful woman is the poet's ideal artistic image, and Jiang Kui is used as a metaphor for plum blossom to show that her character is noble and pure, and she would rather admire herself than go along with it. In Yongmei's Ci "Mo Shan Xi" written by Cao Zu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, there is a sentence that "a branch outside the bamboo is inclined, and it is cold and sunset", and the allusions of Su Shi and Du Fu's poems are also used. The use of allusions in poetry must be reorganized and carefully arranged by the author. Before introducing the artistic image of a beautiful woman, Jiang Kui first wrote a sentence of "Meeting in a Guest", which made his works have a feeling of wandering in the wind and dust, and also wrote a sentence of "Twilight at the Fenjiao", which is a very suitable environmental background for plum blossoms, revealing a little sigh of coldness and dying, and showing the noble character of plum blossoms.
Wang Zhaojun's allusions are used in the closing sentence of "Zhaojun", and the author's conception is mainly based on Du Fu's "Ode to Historical Sites" (the third of five). Jiang Kui imagined the sentence of "Going to the Purple Terrace", emphasizing that Zhaojun "but secretly remembers the south of the Yangtze River and the north of the Yangtze River", and concretizing her resentment with homesickness: the sentence of "going back to the sky" was also brought into play, saying that Zhaojun's moonlit night turned into a lonely flower and a lonely plum blossom. Finding a home for Zhaojun's soul is a comfort to those who sympathize with her experience. At the same time, giving her sad life experience to Plum Blossom adds a clear charm to the image of Plum Blossom.
The first three sentences are the allusions of Princess Shouyang. The sentence "Remembering the past events in the deep palace" is a combination of two allusions. Wang Zhaojun has been in the palace for a long time, but he is unhappy and resentful. He asked to leave and marry the Huns far away, which is also the past events in the deep palace. When the word "Remembering the past events" is changed, the story of "Plum Blossom Makeup" comes. The man is sleeping, flying near the moth green ",which describes the princess's naivety and the lightness of plum blossoms when they fall with the wind." This allusion brings a lively and relaxed mood, which makes the atmosphere of the whole word a little better.
The last allusion is the story of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. The sentence "Nothing is like a spring breeze" caused the feeling of cherishing flowers by the falling of plum blossoms, and then it was associated with measures to protect flowers. This is in harmony with other sentences such as "Zhaojun" in the last film, which is the theme of the whole word. "Nothing is like the spring breeze, regardless of Yingying" is an ardent call, and "early arrangement of the golden house" is an ardent hope. But in the end, "let's teach a piece to go with the wave", the flowers fall into the water, and there is only the heart of cherishing the flowers but no power to protect them, and the plum blossoms finally wither again.
Five allusions and five women, including historical figures, legends and myths, and literary images; Their status is different, including gods, ghosts, wealth, coldness, favor and frustration; There are also complex and simple descriptions, key points and reflections, and the connection and transformation between them are more close and appropriate.
Jiang Kui's poems Dimfragrance and Thin Shadow are really "independent and innovative". Its novelty lies in that it completely broke the traditional writing method of predecessors, and it is no longer a single-line and flat description, but absorbed the theology of things to create a multi-line, multi-level and three-dimensional artistic realm and a spiritualized and personalized artistic image. The author mobilizes a lot of materials and uses a lot of allusions, which are real and imaginary, figurative and symbolic, and makes a crisscross description; Support the broad scope of time and space, so that the past and the present, here and there can be inserted flexibly and jumping; Taking chanting things as the clue, taking lyricism as the core, the scenery, narration and reasoning are intertwined, and the colors, sounds and dynamics are used for rendering and description, and more words are used to turn the virtual into the real. In this way, Jiang Kui has made the most wonderful vivid portrayal of plum blossoms.
Personal information:
Jiang Kui (kuí) (1154—1221), whose name is Yao Zhang, was born in Poyang, Raozhou (now Poyang County, Jiangxi Province). Writers and musicians in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was a poor boy, tried many times, never became an official all his life, moved to Jianghu all his life, and made a living by selling words and helping friends. He is versatile, proficient in temperament, able to compose music by himself, and his words are well-regulated. His works are known for their ethereal and subtle nature. Jiang Kui is good at poetry, prose, calligraphy and music, and is another rare artistic all-rounder after Su Shi. Jiang Kui's ci has a wide range of themes, such as feeling the time, expressing feelings, chanting things, love, writing scenery, remembering travel, saving time and making friends.