Sleeping in the coffin is a generation of "soul of china"-Mr. Lu Xun.
Mr. Lu Xun's funeral
1927101On October 3rd, he and Xu Guangping came to Shanghai from Guangzhou via Hongkong. Originally, they had a "look" mentality and didn't want to "look" for nine years.
In these nine years, after living in Jingyun for more than two years, they moved to Lamo apartment, lived for another three years, and lived in No.9 New Village on the mainland, where Lu Xun ended his sincere and stirring life.
When an old friend is away, it seems like a lifetime ago. Today's No.9 New Village on the Mainland is just an ordinary three-story building with red walls and iron bars, but it is particularly different because of the words "Mr. Lu Xun's former residence".
The decoration in the small building is the same as before Lu Xun's death. As a guest room and nursery on the third floor, there are baby portraits hanging on the walls; In the south-facing master bedroom on the second floor, tables, chairs and stationery are neatly arranged and the windows are bright; The first floor is the living room and kitchen, and there are children's toys and dumbbells in a large decorative cabinet, which are scattered at random.
In this quaint and elegant building, it can be traced back to many literati, and Qu Qiubai once wrote here; Erxiao once lingered here; Feng Xuefeng lived here for a while. ...
Shanghai in 1930s was shrouded in terror. In this white ocean, Lu Xun's home was a bright "red dot".
Lu Xun's former residence
However, when people touch the soul of this great man through the mottled wall, they seldom think that he intends to move out of here in the last period of his life, and even two days before his death, he is eager to move out.
1975, 39 years after Lu Xun's death, at the symposium of Lu Xun Museum in Beijing, his younger brother Zhou spoke the doubts buried in his heart for many years:
Before Lu Xun's death, he was really in a hurry to move his house, which we also thought was a mystery. Two days before Lu Xun died, I went to see him. He asked me to find him a house, saying I could book it. Don't ask him. I didn't ask him why he was in such a hurry to move.
In Lu Xun's Diary, on the page of19361June 17, the word "the third brother came at night" also confirmed the statement that he visited on Sunday. According to Xu Guangping's later records, Zhou came that night. That day, Lu Xun's spirit seemed excellent. He and Zhou talked until eleven o'clock in the evening.
The next day, when Zhou visited again, Lu Xun's illness took a turn for the worse, but he was still eager to move. On this day, he personally wrote the word "Zhou Yuzhai seal" and asked Zhou to engrave the seal of the rental contract. Who would have thought that the seal had not been engraved and the house had not been found? June 65438+10/October 65438+September, Lu Xun died.
Xu Guangping and Zhou.
Why on earth is Lu Xun in such a hurry to move? On this issue, there are two common sayings:
First, Li, the "running dog" who escaped from sight.
Li, who was studying in the Chinese Department of Peking University, naturally got to know Lu Xun, and two teachers and students started correspondence at 1924. After Lu Xun left Beiping, they still corresponded with each other. Lu Xun helped him a lot, and Li loved Lu Xun very much.
After Lu Xun settled in Shanghai, Li also worked in the national government, but they still kept in touch, and even Li went to Lu Xun's residence many times. In Lu Xun's diary, you can see that Li gave him clothes and trousers, and Lu Xun and his wife gave him cookies.
As far as the available information is concerned, two months before Lu Xun's death, Li wrote to Lu Xun and expressed his willingness to help him lift the "wanted order". Naturally, this letter is also considered to be Li's order to "surrender" Lu Xun.
Therefore, this has become the reason why many people think that Lu Xun urgently moved out of the No.9 new village in the mainland.
However, no matter whether this letter is "ordered" or not, this suspicion is completely untenable only from Lu Xun's attitude towards Li.
Anyone who knows Lu Xun knows that his love and hate are distinct, his personal feelings are particularly strong, and he never procrastinates. Count the process of his bad relationship with others, firm and neat. Not to mention annoying younger generations.
For example, when he was young, Xu Shiquan had frequent correspondence with Lu Xun earlier. When studying in Germany, he helped Lu Xun collect German woodcuts many times. According to Xu Guangping, Lu Xun's letter to him "can be integrated into a thick book". Later, when he returned to China, he was also supported by Lu Xun.
But later, the young man read more Buddhist scriptures and changed his mind. He began to satirize Lu Xun, so he was disgusted with Lu Xun. Later, when Xu Shiquan visited, Lu Xun gradually refused to meet him. This was recorded many times in Lu Xun's diary, and similar words appeared frequently. Until two months before Lu Xun's death, Xu Shiquan visited, but Lu Xun still refused.
The last time they met, Xu Shiquan rushed directly to the second floor with a bunch of flowers. Even Xu Guangping didn't react to stop him. After going upstairs, Lu Xun lay on the cane chair and seemed to turn a blind eye. The scene was once awkward. Xu Guangping later recalled it and wrote:
"Who knows this is the last time we meet? He loves his husband, and he knows it. There is nothing to talk about when meeting, because the distance between thoughts is too far. " -"Lu Xun and Youth"
In addition to Xu Shiquan, Gu Jiegang, who was good at working and eating with him, was finally rejected by him and refused to share shoes with him. The money that originally appreciated and supported each other was finally sneered at by him. ...
Lu Xun's family
Lu Xun is absolutely determined to face a person whose thoughts run counter to his own. Such Lu Xun, if he knew that student Li was inspired by others, how could he meet him in the future? Differences in literary ideas can be fatal, not to mention political differences.
However, from July 1936 to July 13, Li wrote to express his willingness to help the "wanted order". In September, Li's correspondence was still recorded in Lu Xun's diary, and even on September 27th, Li gave Xu Guangping a dress.
In the condolence letter sent by Li Yu after Lu Xun's death, he also mentioned the conversation between them that day. Lu Xun once admitted to him:
"If you are sick, you can't stop writing, because not only will the medicine stop, but you can't eat."
Lu Xun was stubborn all his life. How could he say such a thoughtful thing unless he faced someone he trusted extremely? What's more, a "running dog" who makes him too nervous and disgusting to move?
Second, disconnect from Japanese doctor Sudo.
Many years after Lu Xun's death, his son Zhou Haiying questioned the cause of his death and published five doubts. One of them is: Sudo invited Lu Xun to Japan for treatment on behalf of Japan, but Lu Xun refused, and Lu Xun was eager to move, so it was very suspicious.
Lu Xun and facing the sea
The most popular story about Lu Xun's death is that Japanese doctor Sudo was instructed by the Japanese side. But so far, this is still an unsolved case.
In Zhou Haiying's view, Lu Xun was in a hurry to move because he refused the Japanese invitation and didn't want to continue the doctor-patient relationship with Sudo.
However, as far as the available information is concerned, this statement is completely unfounded.
In a letter to a friend, Xu Guangping did talk about Sudo's suggestion that Lu Xun turn to recuperate, but the other party did not clearly point out the destination:
"As for turning to recuperation, it was advocated by Mr. Sudo. But I haven't talked about it at home and abroad. "
On the contrary, many relatives and friends around Lu Xun suggested that he go to Japan for recuperation, because his medical equipment is more advanced than that in China. Lu Xun once thought about it, but the reality is that even if Lu Xun wants to go, he may not be able to land smoothly. 1 1 July, write to Wang:
"... I want to go to Japan now, but it is not necessary to land ..."
It can be seen that Lu Xun himself decided to go to Japan, but it is still a question whether he can land. If it was invited by the Japanese side, how could he have such concerns?
In the contradictory letter of1August 2, 936, Lu Xun said:
The doctor has allowed me to leave Shanghai at will. But where to go has not been decided. I decided to go to Japan first, but I suddenly thought about it yesterday. I don't trust going alone. If I go with my family, I will go to another country. I am busier as a translator than in Shanghai. How can I rest? Therefore, my intention to go to Japan has wavered again. Only when I find someone who can speak Japanese can I stay out of it, so things are still under consideration.
Even if I went to Japan, I thought I would be an interpreter at that time, but it was useless to recuperate, so I gave up.
Later, in letters with friends, Lu Xun often talked about turning to recuperation, so if he can't find the reason why Lu Xun is eager to move, the convalescent body should be listed. As for avoiding Dr. Sudo, there is absolutely no such thing.
Even in the letter to his mother on August 27, Lu Xun bluntly said that he could not leave the doctor:
"My illness is good and bad, ... so I can't leave the doctor to recuperate and change the air, but it's boring. I plan to discuss with the doctor later to see how to deal with it. "
Besides wanting to recuperate in a different environment, was there any other reason why Lu Xun still wanted to move? In some letters he wrote to his friends, we can roughly find the reason.
654381October 6, there was a cloud between it and Cao Baixin:
"I'm used to all kinds of harassment. 128, I'm still trapped in the line of fire. As for moving, I thought about it for a long time, because living here is really tiring. "
A week later said to Lin Song:
"It's quiet now, the room hasn't moved, and it's all safe. Only frequent small entanglements, also hate ... "
To 65438+ 10/7, more with Cao Jinghua complained:
"For the sake of peace, it is best to move ..."
It can be seen that there are two reasons besides wanting to change to a place with good air for illness. The Japanese children next door often bully Zhou Haiying, and small disputes happen from time to time, which is very boring.
Then there is the land where the new village in the mainland is located, which is already "rain is coming".
At that time, Lu Xun should also realize that his life was not long. What will his wife and children do if he dies forever? Therefore, as Xu Guangping said, Lu Xun was not only eager to move before he died, but also "planned to live in the old French Concession and want to stay away from Hongkou's sphere of influence where the Japanese lived."
Unfortunately, the house that meets the requirements of Lu Xun, due to the situation, the house price has risen sharply and the body is getting weaker and weaker. I wanted to wait a few days for things to get a little better, but I didn't wait until that day.
This intention, in Lu Xun's view, should be clear to Zhou, so he didn't explain the reason further. Five years after Lu Xun's death, Xu Guangping once fell into the jaws of death, which also proved that his anxiety was justified.