original work
For Ye Fan.
The postman who came to meet the north broke the plum blossom and gave it to his friend in the mountains.
There is no better gift in Jiangnan, and flowers will send spring.
Annotation translation
Word annotation
⑴ Ye Fan (yè) was born in the Southern Song Dynasty (now Guanghua County, Hubei Province), a historian and author of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty.
(2) Every encounter. Messenger: One who delivered official documents in ancient times.
(3) Leader: Ye Fan. Longtou: Longshan, in the northwest of Longxian County, Shaanxi Province.
(4) Chat: Let me put it this way. Yizhichun: This is a flower.
Vernacular translation
When folding plum blossoms, I happened to meet a messenger, so I gave the flowers to your good friend in the faucet.
There won't be anything good in Jiangnan. I'll give you a plum blossom in spring.
Creation background
According to the Book of Jingzhou by Sheng Hongzhi of the Southern Song Dynasty quoted in "Peaceful Magnolia", Lu Kai and his friends sent a plum blossom from the south of the Yangtze River to Chang 'an and Ye as a gift of this poem. According to Ye Fan's ancestral home in Yang Shun (now Xichuan County, Henan Province), his grandfather moved to Danyang (now Yang Xiaodan Town, northeast of dangtu county, Anhui Province) and has been an official in Liu and Song Dynasties since he became an official. Yuanjia went north with Tandaoji in eight years, but did not go to Chang 'an. Lu was an official in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Chang 'an belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty. Lu Kai should have a chance to be in Chang 'an. This poem seems to be a gift from Fan Zhen to Lu Kai. For example, Tang Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty noticed that Ye was from Jiangnan. Kai Zi Zhijun, a generation of northerners. Think of it as Fan Luji. Kay is in Chang 'an, and Andrew sends flowers and clubs? Today, Cao Daoheng thinks that Lu Kai in the Northern Wei Dynasty is different from Ye Fan's generation, and they are far apart. Maybe there was another Lu Kai as a gift for a man named Fan in the Southern Dynasties. Yu Guanying designated this poem as Song Poetry, and now he follows it.
works appreciation
Literary appreciation
At the beginning of the poem, it is pointed out that the poet and his friends are far apart and it is difficult to get together. They can only greet each other by express delivery. This time, the poet sent plum blossoms instead of letters, which shows that they are closely related and have no formal emotional expression. A word "meet", seemingly casual, is actually intentional; The courier thought of a friend, so he sent a plum blossom greeting, which reflected my deep concern for my friend. If the first two sentences of the poem are straightforward and unremarkable, then the last two sentences reveal deep blessings in a faint greeting. Jiangnan not only has nothing, but also the poet's sincere feelings, all of which are condensed on a small plum blossom. This shows how elegant the poet's taste is and how rich his imagination is. "A branch of spring" is a metonymic way, which symbolizes the arrival of spring with a whole generation and also implies the expectation of gathering time.
Although this poem is short, it contains infinite poetic meaning. When Lu Kai missed Ye Fan, in order to express his noble feelings, he specially brought a plum blossom, which was sent to Ye Fan by the messenger who delivered the book. The so-called leader was replaced by a leader because Fan was in Chang 'an, Shaanxi and Longshan was in Longxian, Shaanxi. It goes without saying that the place where Lu Kai sends flowers is Jiangnan, where plum blossoms are world-famous. Lin Bu, who lives in seclusion in the West Lake, has a poem by Yongmei: "The shadow is shallow, and the fragrance floats at dusk." It is a portrayal of plum blossom charm in Jiangnan. Jiangnan is a country rich in cultural relics, but Lu Kai thinks that other gifts are not enough to express his feelings for Ye Fan. So Jiangnan has nothing of value to give to each other. Only the plum blossom that comes first in spring is the most suitable, so it is a long way to express his thoughts, and the plum blossom also symbolizes their lofty friendship. Since Lu Kai gave poems, "a spring" has become synonymous with plum blossom and farewell. It can be seen that the impact is profound. Poets in Tang and Song Dynasties all had similar chanting. Liu Kezhuang wrote: "Light smoke and light snow travel alone, and one plum flower is folded to give one", which is an attack on Lu Kai's artistic conception; Gao Qi wrote: "Infinite spring worries are in one branch", which is a free translation of Lu Kai's feelings. Later, even the epigraph of singing folk songs took the title of "One Spring". There is a story in "Old Wulin": "On New Year's Eve, young children play all night, which is called Shounian. Although there are many words for observing the age, it is extremely difficult to choose them. Yang Shouqi's "A Branch of Spring" is the most modern one. " It can be seen that a small poem also has artistic charm passed down from generation to generation. Its artistic beauty lies in its simplicity, naturalness and metaphor. In a specific season and environment, the feelings of cherishing friends are expressed through a plum blossom recognized as noble by the world, and the abstract feelings are integrated with the image of plum blossom.
Famous comments
Tang Huaquan, a professor of Chinese Department of Anhui University: The last two sentences in Cen Can's On the Messenger of the Meeting to the Capital in the Tang Dynasty, "You don't need a pen and paper when you meet, and you can leave a message to report peace", which has similar meaning.