Extracurricular learning, of course, does not mean reading, such as experiments, such as observing nature ... are excellent, but reading extracurricular books is at least the main part of extracurricular learning.
One should always cultivate the interest in reading. Of course, you should be a professional scholar and do your career. Because in the factory, in the company, at home ... after a day's work, we can always get happy companions, and there is nothing better than books.
But in the future, this kind of happiness will be gone, probably because it has been decided at school, because if you want to taste the pleasure of reading, you must develop the habit of reading. A person's living habits, beyond the school threshold, have been cast iron, so in school, he does not read extracurricular books, forming his own automatic reading habits. This man is simply depriving himself of lifelong happiness.
Reading is naturally not limited to reading China's books, but China people at least treat China's books equally with foreign books. If you treat him like this, you will get your happiness in return, at least as much as you get from reading foreign books.
China's books are hard to read because they haven't been sorted out, which is generally acknowledged, but people who can learn find this interesting. Eating ready-made meals is the most boring thing, and the least productive people like to eat them. Reading a question to me after someone else has finished is like reading a textbook. It is naturally effortless to read, but the result is that you are not careful and can't engrave it. People who like reading this kind of income will lose their creative talent over time. Living comfortably in a brand-new house with a straight road in new york and Chicago, this man must lead a meaningless and mediocre life. If you want to live a meaningful life, it must be when Columbus first came to America.
China's academic circle is a mine that hasn't been opened for thousands of years, and its young seeds are extremely rich, but we can't open it unless we rack our brains and sweat like rain. On the other hand, as long as you rack your brains and sweat like rain, you will definitely get a result, so it is very interesting.
Of course, the so-called "mine seedlings" in China academic circles do not refer to books, nature and editing facts, which are extremely important. However, books are a treasure house to preserve the original data in the past, and can also be used as a guide to all aspects of measurement now. From this point of view, we should always be grateful for the vastness of his books, instead of hating him forever. Because our business is to open factories, for example, the supply of raw materials is naturally as rich as possible.
Reading China's books, of course, is panning for gold in the sand, but if we take him as the raw material, sometimes books and sentences that ordinary people think are extremely useless may have a great effect. It should be noted that there are many kinds of factories, and there must be many by-products on the head of a factory. Not only gold is useful, but also sand is useful.
If you ask about the reading method, I want to explain it to you. This method is extremely old, stupid and troublesome, but it is extremely necessary. What method? Notes or notes.
When we read the famous books, we saw that he quoted so many things and analyzed them so carefully that he always stuck out his tongue and said, "This man doesn't know how big his memory is, but he remembers a lot of things. This is his special genius, so we can't learn to walk. " Actually, there is such a thing there. People with good memories are not necessarily smart, and smart people have poor memories. What you see is his published achievements, but you don't know that his achievements were originally obtained by the accumulation of money. Generally speaking, a college student always has countless pamphlets or sheets of paper on weekdays. Those who find a piece of information useful while reading will immediately write it down (short notes, long summaries, titles and pages). The data gradually accumulated, and then he sorted and analyzed it with his eyes, which became a masterpiece. If you want to see this trace, you can easily see the twenty-second history of Zhao Oubei's notes and Chen's reading secretary.
This kind of work is stupid and hard, but a real scholar can't walk out of this road. People who make animals and plants are too lazy to collect specimens, saying that there will be new inventions. I'm afraid there is nothing so cheap in the world.
The original motive of invention is attention, and money is the best way to awaken attention and continue to save it. When I was reading a book, I suddenly felt that this information could be paid attention to. When I put it down, this information naturally got a slight impression in my mind, which is different from passing by. After all this, I came across a second piece of information related to this, and I wrote it down again. Then pay more attention. After several times, every time I turn over a book, I jump on the paper when I meet this message, so I don't have to bother looking for it. This is the fact that I have gained from years of experience. Try for a year, gentlemen, and know that I don't lie.
Every ancestor should not take it lightly, because it is good to mislead others by expressing immature opinions, but the "reputation of outstanding literary talent" of young students is also a wonderful use to spur learning. For example, if you are reading the coin test of the comprehensive literature, you will not gain much by reading all the articles under the coin of the History of Food. If you try to take an exam on the evolution of China's currency while reading, whether the exam is done well is another question, and what you read will naturally be of great use.
For example, when reading a book called Xunzi, a person reads it in general, and a Otsuichi tries to make a study plan called Xunzi while reading it. After reading it, the two people's impressions are deep and shallow, which is naturally different. Therefore, I reward young people for their habit of writing books. As for the books they have written, when will they be recognized as success? Isn't that your freedom?
The books you read every day are best divided into two categories, one is good at this and the other is reading. Because on the one hand, we should develop the habit of reading carefully, on the other hand, we should develop the habit of reading quickly. If you don't know the details, you will get nothing, which is equal to reading in vain; If you are short-sighted, you don't have enough time to search for information. Classics, philosophers, four histories, tongjian and other books. It should be included in the intensive reading department, and every word should be read at a certain time every day. After reading a book, you must read other books, and those who want to record money must use it to read. In addition, point out a moment, browse at will, pay close attention to what you find interesting, and turn over a page if you find it boring. If you want to record money, you should read it before counting it, and don't hold it for a while.
Gentlemen, don't give up your regrets just because you read China's book for the first time. Because when we study, we don't just want cash from the books we are reading now. The most important thing is to cultivate good reading habits and train our brains to remember well. The books I read when I was young are not borrowed as ladders to achieve these two goals. If what I said is correct, reading foreign books and reading China's books will definitely have their own advantages. Foreign classics are clear and easy to arouse interest, and his research methods, neatly laid out, can be our model, which is beneficial; When we read it, it is easy to become a young master who enjoys ready-made happiness and doesn't know the origin of suffering. This is a disadvantage. China's book reads like a stick if it is not sorted out. Interrupting fun is a disadvantage. Forcing you to walk through thorns and find a way, or take many wrong roads (as long as you are not wrong, turning back when you are wrong is an excellent lesson), tempering wisdom from bitter experience and getting a taste of bitterness and sweetness, this is the most real wisdom and taste, and this is beneficial.
One more thing, I wrote the words "I hope to be familiar with and recite" in several places in the bibliography mentioned in the previous paragraph. I find it difficult for you. You may object to saying that I am stubborn, but I have my meaning. I'm not trying to persuade people to remember. I want to be familiar with two words: one is the most valuable literary work, and the other is the motto that is beneficial to body and mind. Good literature is a tool to cultivate interest. To be a member of a nation, we must always have a good understanding of the nation's good literature, be able to read it well, let it take root in our "subconscious" and "ferment" unconsciously. Some useful aphorisms of the sages have long formed a sense of * * * in our whole society. Since you are a member of this society, you must always know him thoroughly, so as not to be divorced from the sense of * * *. On the one hand, when we deal with things, we often rely on the light he gives us to make us familiar with them on weekdays and meet temporary needs. So I hope some books can be read by readers here, but this is just a special hope.
Finally, I want to say a few words to my classmates in Tsinghua. I hope you have done more for the cultivation of Chinese studies than students in other schools. It is obvious to all that you are superior to others because of social benefits and will certainly occupy power in the whole society in the future. Whether you have contributed to China's culture after returning home is the criterion of your merits and demerits.
If you study an American scholar named Bishop, I'm afraid China culture has little influence. If this will have an impact, we have more than 100 doctors with blue eyes in the United States, so why bother you? You must remember that you are not an American student, but an international student in China. Please make up your mind how to be called an international student in China.
Appendix III Comment on Hu Shizhi's Minimum Bibliography of China Studies
I don't approve of Jun Hu's bibliography because he digress. Jun Hu said: "It is not for those who have the foundation of Chinese studies, but only for ordinary young people who want a little systematic knowledge of Chinese studies." In my opinion, this bibliography is said by those who say that "Chinese studies have a little foundation and knowledge is absolutely unsystematic", or some of them are applicable. I think, gentlemen of Tsinghua Weekly, what they want to ask Jun Hu is not here, but the young people who "have never read a China book except the textbooks of the Commercial Press". If my guess is correct, then Jun Hu's answer is too wide of the mark.
Hu Jun made a mistake, first of all, because he ignored the objective facts and took his subjectivity as a foothold. Jun Hu is studying the history of China's philosophy and China's literature. This bibliography is the way for him to express his thoughts and the materials he relies on (whether it is right or not is another question, which will not be discussed now). As we all know, not all young people want to be historians of philosophy and literature. You don't have to be a historian of philosophy or literature, so you don't have to read seven or eight books here. These books are not enough if you really want to be a historian of philosophy and literature.
Hu Jun's second mistake was to confuse the books that should be read with the books that should be prepared. The result is not the minimum of personal reading, but the minimum of private and public small libraries (but this is also wrong, so we have to say that it is the minimum of private small libraries of philosophers and literary historians). As everyone knows, young students (especially those from Tsinghua) are struggling to run into the library, not knowing what to read and how to read. What's the use of giving him a library bibliography? In addition, it is easy to buy books in private. How do you buy this bibliography? Didn't it turn out to be nonsense?
My strangest question is: Why did Jun Hu reject all history books? The name of a bibliography is "the least of Chinese studies", which contains three chivalrous men, five righteous men and nine strange grievances, but there are no historical records, Hanshu and Zitongzhijian. Is this not a joke? It is unreasonable to say that history, Korea and Tong Jian are listed as "people with Chinese roots". If you say that you don't read "Three Heroes, Five Righteousness, Nine Deaths and Strange Injustice", you can't reach the minimum of Chinese studies. To tell the truth, Jun Hu is a boy who has never read these two books. Although I know that my knowledge is shallow, I don't even have the minimum knowledge of Chinese studies, but I am not satisfied.
In all fairness, people who do literature history (especially vernacular literature history) should naturally read these books, but how can Jun Hu force ordinary young people to follow you because he loves literature history? For example, if someone likes epigraphy, they can list epigraphy books as a systematic research bibliography; If someone likes geography, they can make a systematic research bibliography of geography books, although it is only for their own people and cannot be applied to the general. In my opinion, most of the books listed by Hu Jun are related to Jin Bian and Jin Bian. Zhailu, Textual Research on Book Deeds of Yin Ruins, Sketch of Waterway, North City of Shuofang and Zhengbu of Yuan History (geography book) are the same in nature. Although it is not a book that should not be read, it is definitely not a book that everyone should read. In a letter to Tsinghua Weekly, Hu said, "I mean, a group of international students should know about the selection of Yuanqu and so on." According to this sentence, foreign students should at least know that Textual Research on Book Deeds in Yin Ruins and North City of Shuofang are books that should be known. Then, if a catalogue of Sikuquanshu is moved from words to paper, and hundreds of copies will be published after listing, why should we open a minimum bibliography? Knowing is one thing, reading is another.
My opinion is very dull. I think history books are the most important part of Chinese studies. In addition to several classics and books in the pre-Qin period, the most important thing is to read the Official History as a Mirror, the Song and Yuan Dynasties' Biography and a part of Jiutong, as well as the Annotations on Relationship History, which is regarded as the common sense of Chinese studies and should be read by all scholars in China. People with this common sense are not satisfied and want to further become specialized scholars. If you want to be a historian of philosophy and literature, you should consult Jun Hu's bibliography. If you want to be an expert, there are many other courses. I can follow Jun Hu's example and open another bibliography for you.
Jun Hu studied two courses he was good at, and he was very selective. He thinks that ordinary young people should do the same, and there is no need to make other choices, so he lists a lot of references. Imagine that 100 volumes of The Complete Works of Tang Zhengyi are all stereotyped "adjusting life", so how do young people start reading? Not only "Tang Zhengyi", but also "Twenty-two Sons" carved in Zhejiang, told young people that this book should be read. How could he start reading it? As for its literary history, it is listed as the whole ancient three generations, the Qin, Han and Six Dynasties, the whole Chinese poetry, the Jin and Southern Dynasties, the ancient, the ancient, the Tang Dynasty, the whole Tang poetry, the Southern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty and the Song Dynasty. Young students, because we know the way of the old horse, we should at least tell him a priority, such as reading a certain family first, then reading a certain family, so we can't say that you can read the whole Tang poem. Song ci should be read by a certain family first, then by a certain family. It can't be said that Wang Youxia and Zhu carved everything. You won't choose to be true after reading it, but I'm afraid he won't read it. Besides, if young people have the energy to read more than 1000 literary books designated by Jun Hu, how can they use them to read Twenty-four History and Nine Biographies?
Another layer, Jun Hu forgot, students can't read many books without the most basic knowledge of Chinese studies. I'd like to invite people who haven't even read Historical Records to read Cui Shi's Historical Records and understand what he said. Those who haven't even read Shangshu, Shi Jue, Book of Rites and Guoyu will understand what he said by reading Cui Shu's Textual Research Record. People who haven't even read The Scholars and The History of Han, Yi Wen Zhi, read Kang Youwei's New Theory of Pseudo-Classics and understand what he said. These are just a few examples, and others can be analogized. If a student (who should be majoring in the history of ideas) obediently follows Hu Jun's teaching and reads according to his book list, his books obviously do not include Shangshu, Shiji and Hanshu, what do you think this student will do when reading the works of Cui Shu, Kang Youwei and Cui Shi?
Hu Jun's idea is that on the premise that this student has read Shangshu, Shiji and Hanshu, he thinks that you have read such an ordinary book. Of course, why should I say it? Then, four books are more common, why are they included? In a word, Shangshu, Shiji and Zijian are at least unnecessary books for Chinese studies, while The Complete Works of Tang Zhengyi, Biography of Hundred Autumn and Biography of Heroes of Children are necessary books, which really can't be regarded as strange for the first time (there is no Book of Changes in the history of thought, what is the reason?
To sum up, Jun Hu's bibliography, on the one hand, is too inky, on the other hand, I think it is not available.