The first sentence ————————
Wang Yangming believes that "saints are the same as people in heaven and earth, and Confucianism, Buddhism, Lao zi and Zhuang zi are all used by me, which is called the avenue." The second is selfishness, which is called path. "
The absence of good and evil is the noumenon of the mind, which is similar to the heart-shaped emptiness in Buddhism, but it is different from the emptiness in Buddhism, that is, there is no thought in the mind, and it must be moved by the situation. If water is generally invisible, body and mind are as empty as saints, and heaven and earth have no thoughts and desires.
The second sentence ————————
Body and mind are as empty as saints. When people have the distinction between good and evil, it means that people's subjective consciousness has activities, which is called conation (conscious activity, that is, the state of mortals).
The third sentence ————————
Before expounding the third sentence, we must first explain the desires of nature and people. .
In Zhu's philosophical thoughts, "Tian Li" contains truth, law, order, norms and stipulation. "Tian Li" is not only the great essence of heaven, but also the trivial essence of things and human truth. Heaven is the principle of nature, the common sense of all things, the primitive law of things, the order of society, and the ethics, reason and reason of people.
When you didn't see this flower, it died with your heart. When you come to see this flower, the color of this flower will be understood for a while. You will know that this flower is not in your heart. -quoted from Wang Yangming. . Zhu believes that justice is divorced from people's subjective meaning, while Wang Yangming believes that justice is unreasonable outside the heart, because people's subjective consciousness touches everything in the world, and only when they have an understanding of its operation can the so-called justice be produced. . The heart does not touch everything, everything dies at will, and there is no justice at all. . Therefore, justice is also produced by people's cognition and belongs to the product of subjective consciousness. .
Heaven and earth are unintentional, with the heart of everything as the heart, and they are ruthless, treating everything like a dog. It can be seen that there is no heaven. Everything about the laws of all things and social order is based on people's subjective understanding. If you don't know, can you realize that it is reasonable? . It can be said that Wang Men's Mind Theory is a very idealistic philosophy, just like the Zen machine of Huineng Six Groups, which is not moved by the wind or the flag. . So unreasonable outside the heart, rational inside. .
Being able to distinguish good from evil shows that people's subjective consciousness has played a role. The most important thing here is that good and evil are human desires and knowledge is justice. People can only distinguish good from evil with justice, and justice can only distinguish objects with desire. One is cognitive noumenon and the other is cognitive object, which together constitute the theoretical system of justice and human desire. However, both justice and human desire are the products of people's conscious activities. People's desire is their own subjective conscious activities, and justice is the stipulation of their own conscious activities and their derived behaviors. The relationship between them is closely related to the students' origins, so Zhu's slogan of keeping righteousness above desire is nonsense. Man's desire and justice are integrated. How to get rid of one and keep the other? This is not feasible in subjective cognition and dialectical logic.
The fourth sentence ————————
The last sentence is about how to understand the meaning of the heart through the traditional Confucian course "Teacher". Because justice and human desires are inseparable, it is necessary to constantly detract from one's own human desires in order to achieve the realm of carefree saints. This depends on cutting off one's own evil thoughts every day to reach the realm of perfection (perfection is not the opposition of evil, but the perfection without good and evil).
The sages said that the more you learn, the less you learn! What you increase is knowledge, but what you decrease is desire! Heaven and earth are unintentional, and the heart of everything is the heart. Because 84,000 delusions are the only way to turn Buddhism into 84,000 methods! Therefore, for the sake of Tao, it is necessary to reduce delusions and let nature appear, which is why Master Shen Xiu wrote: As a bodhi tree, your heart is a mirror platform, so you should always wipe it to avoid creating dust! Master Huineng's: Bodhi is not a tree, nor is a mirror a platform. There is nothing in this book, so there is no dust. Break four phases and go straight to the air! Of course, it is higher than the magic master, which reflects the ability of Zen Buddhism to become a Buddha, but it is not easy to wipe it frequently every day, let alone become a Buddha. And Wang Yangming took the road of a master of magic performance, and gradually recovered his true colors by diligent practice! This also shows the difference between the theory of mind and nature and Buddhism. Although they are all idealists, there are still subtle differences.
Know that a man defends his daughter, that his white is subject to his black, that he honors his humiliation, and that he loses, and that virtue is simple and endless! From this point of view, it is consistent with the loss of Taoism. This shows that the three religions blend with each other and are like a family. We can also see the correctness of Wang Men's psychology.
When Wang Yangming was studying, he traveled to three schools of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism, chose his excellent ideas and used them, and then Longchang became a saint through the ages. It's really great. . Therefore, when analyzing his philosophical thoughts, it is best to give consideration to the philosophical essence of Buddhism and Taoism, treat them dialectically and enhance mutual understanding. The thoughts of the three religions have been taken into account, and I just know what the ancients said, red lotus, white lotus root and green lotus leaf, and the three religions are originally one. This sentence is really true. During thousands of years' running-in, the philosophical thoughts of the three religions make up for each other and form a perfect and exquisite huge theoretical system together. .
These four sentences are really four sentences in Wang Shengren's Outline of Psychology, and they are the profound meaning of psychology. These four sentences fully explain what the true colors are (such as saints, heaven and earth) {the first sentence}, what we mortals are {the second sentence}, how our consciousness rises, and how to interpret Zhu Cheng's theory from a psychological point of view {the third sentence}, {
"So for the holy one, in pure justice, there is no talent. Therefore, although you are mortal, you can be a saint if you are willing to learn and make your heart pure and natural. Although the world is big, it has good thoughts and conscience. Although mortals can be sages. " ————————— Quoted from Wang Shengren. .
The theoretical framework of psychology is probably like this. It's all my personal understanding and my family's opinion. . . However, I still don't fully understand the discovery of heaven and human desire. I feel very, very weak when I write. The days of learning from Wang Men's mind are very short, and I didn't read the classics seriously. It is inevitable that I will be generous with a smile. . If you want to achieve something, you need to practice hard for a long time. .
Conscience is to become a saint, which is the ultimate goal of mind learning, which is the knowledge of teaching people to become saints. .
How to live a conscience is to get rid of evil and keep good, and getting rid of evil and keeping good is the unity of knowledge and action. .
The unity of knowledge and practice is the highest essence of Wang Men's psychology, and vernacular Chinese is the methodology of integrating theory with practice and doing everything. No matter what you want to do, you can't do without knowing and doing. . In fact, I don't know much about the unity of knowledge and action, but I know that only by mastering the unity of knowledge and action can the philosophical spiritual power of Wangmen psychology be transformed into a force that can produce practical results in reality. .