Go east and climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea. The sea is so wide and mighty, and the mountain islands stand high on the seashore. The trees and grass are thick and luxuriant. The autumn wind blows the trees and makes a sad sound, and there are huge waves in the sea. The movements of the sun and moon seem to emanate from this vast ocean. The stars of the Milky Way are brilliant, as if they were produced from this vast ocean.
"Stepping out of Xiamen to view the sea" Cao Cao walked east to the Jieshi to view the sea. Where is the water? The mountains and islands are standing tall. There are many trees and lush grass. The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising. The movement of the sun and the moon appears within it; the brilliant stars appear within it. Fortunately, it is even a song to express one's aspirations.
From the perspective of the style of the poem, this is an ancient poem; from the perspective of expression, this is a lyric poem describing a scene. The two sentences "near Jieshi in the east to view the sea" point out the location of "viewing the sea": the poet climbed to the top of Jieshi and faced the sea from a high position, with a broad field of vision and a panoramic view of the magnificent sea. The following ten descriptions are roughly expanded from this. The word "Guan" plays a leading role in the whole poem, reflecting the broad artistic conception and powerful momentum of this poem.
The first four lines of poetry describe the scene of the sea, with movement and stillness, such as "The autumn wind is bleak, the waves are rising" and "The water is so sluggish" describe dynamic scenery, "trees are thick and grass is luxuriant" and "Mountain Island Changzhi" describes the quiet scene. Guan Canghai is selected from "Collection of Yuefu Poems", which is the first chapter of the Yuefu poem "Stepping out of Xiamen".
"The water is sluggish, but the mountains and islands are standing tall" is the general impression I get when looking at the sea, a bit like the outline of a painting. In this "roaming" sea, the first thing that catches the eye is the abrupt and towering mountain islands. They are dotted on the flat sea, making the sea look magical and spectacular. These two sentences describe the general outline of the distant view of the sea, which will be described in depth below.
"The trees are thick and the grass is luxuriant. The autumn wind is bleak and the flood waves are rising." The first two sentences specifically describe the mountain island of Changzhi: Although the autumn wind is bleak and the grass and trees are falling, the island is lush with trees. , the grass is rich and lush, giving people a poetic feeling. The last two sentences are a further description of the sentence "How is the water so calm": If you look closely, you will see that the sea surface in the bleak autumn wind is actually a huge wave, turbulent and undulating. Although it is a typical autumn environment here, there is no sad autumn mood at all. Facing the bleak autumn wind, the author writes about the vastness and magnificence of the sea: in the bleak autumn wind, the sea is surging and vast, reaching the sky; the mountain islands are towering and straight, with lush vegetation, without any sentimental sentiment. This new realm and new style reflect his "ambitious" mind of "an old man is still in trouble, but he aims for a thousand miles".
"The journey of the sun and the moon is as if it came out of it; the stars are brilliant as if they were out of it." It describes the author Cao Cao's aspirational feelings. The previous description is observed from the plane of the sea, but these four sentences are related to the boundless universe, and the momentum and power of the sea are highlighted in front of the readers; the vast sea is connected with the sky, and the sky is In front of this majestic and majestic sea, the sun, moon, stars, and the Milky Way (Milky Way) all appear small, and their movements seem to be freely absorbed by the sea. The rich associations show a broad mind, a broad mind, and a grand ambition. It implies a mind that wants to take the world into one's hands just like the sea holds all things. The sea described by the poet here is not only the real scene in front of him, but also integrated with his own imagination and exaggeration, showing a majestic atmosphere that swallows the universe, and has the potential of "five mountains rise within a square inch". This kind of "covering the atmosphere" is the artistic realm formed by the blending of the scenery in the poet's eyes and the emotions in his heart. Speaking from the heart, if the poet does not have grand political ambitions, no ambition to make achievements, and no optimism about the future, he will not be able to write such a magnificent poem anyway. In the past, some people said that Cao Cao's poems were "always domineering" (Shen De's subtext), referring to works such as "Guan Cang Hai". ”
“Fortunately, I sing to express my ambition. "This is a cliché used in Hele music, and has nothing to do with the content of the poem. It is also pointed out that this was sung by the Yuefu.
To the east is the Jieshi, so as to view the sea
"To the east is the Jieshi, To view the sea. "The title of the opening chapter explains the direction, location and object of observation. Although these two sentences do not directly mention people, we seem to see the heroic posture of Cao Cao when he climbed the mountain and looked at the sea. "Jieshi", according to "Hanshu· "Geographical Records" records that in the southwest of Licheng (now Leting, Hebei Province), it sank into the sea during the Six Dynasties. The word "Guan" dominates the whole poem, which is the clue of the poem. The following is expanded from the word "Guan" to describe what was seen while climbing.
The first two sentences start very smoothly, "to the east is Jieshi to view the sea", indicating that the original Jieshi Mountain was in the southwest of Laoting County, Hebei Province, facing the Bohai Sea. .
Six sentences about why the water is so sluggish
“The water is so sluggish that the mountains and islands stand tall. "It describes the scene of looking down at the sea from Jieshi Mountain. "Water" describes the swaying appearance of the sea water; "he" refers to "how" here. "How water is water" describes the surge of the sea. The rising waves show the power and majesty of the sea. There are surprises and praises, which are the first impressions of just reaching the top of the mountain. The meaning of these two poems is "Chang Zhi". It means: The vast sea is vast and vast, with only the mountain island at your feet standing high in the middle of the sea. We all know that we can also watch the sea, standing on the shore, sitting on the bow of a boat, or climbing to the top of a mountain. , our feelings are very different. When Cao Cao stood on the mountain, the first thing he saw was naturally the panoramic view of the sea.
Therefore, he focused on large areas, focusing on exaggerating the vast and vast momentum of the sea, giving people a firm and stubborn feeling. The majestic mountain island immediately grabbed the poet's attention, so he immediately wrote about the scenery on the island: "There are thick trees and luxuriant grass." It is full of a prosperous scene, as if there is infinite interest in it waiting for us to discover. "The autumn wind is bleak, and the torrential waves are rising." With a bleak wind, huge waves suddenly surged, which made people feel that it was too late to marvel! But when we turned our eyes to see the surging torrential waves, the poet But I stopped describing it.
The six lines of "Where is the water" describe the sea from the front. Among them, there are only two sentences that actually write about the sea. Although there are not many words, the author focuses on capturing the changes in the shape of the sea water and outlines it in large strokes, describing the ever-changing characteristics of the sea. "The water is so turbulent" describes the turbulence of the sea when there is no wind. However, when the sea water encounters strong winds, it will immediately cause an uproar. "The waves are rising" only four words vividly show the magnificent momentum of the sea. The word "yong" is particularly well used. From this description, we not only see the shape of the sea, but also seem to hear the sound of the waves crashing on the shore. Although the author writes about observing the sea, he does not simply write about the sea. If you only write about the boundless and turbulent sea water, no matter how well you write it, it will give people a sense of desolation. Therefore, when the author describes the sea, he also uses mountain island vegetation to add color and contrast. He writes about the sea as full of vitality and prosperity, making people feel that the sea is not only vast and majestic, but also beautiful and colorful.
If we try to recite these sentences together, we can appreciate the charm: the vast blue sea, the waves undulating, lapping the coast, the mountain islands standing tall, the lush vegetation swaying in the bleak autumn wind, this is What a magnificent artistic conception, what a beautiful picture!