The text is landscape prose, which can be seen from the title. The article writes about the lotus pond and moonlight. Lotus pond is a lotus pond under moonlight, and moonlight is the moonlight on the lotus pond. In this way, the description of lotus pond and moonlight is skillfully combined, highlighting the beauty of elegant, hazy and quiet physical environment.
Paragraphs 4, 5 and 6 of the article focus on the moonlight in the lotus pond. This is the main part of the full text, writing out the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond moonlight.
The fourth paragraph describes the lotus pond in the moonlight and introduces all kinds of lotus flowers scattered from the dense layers of lotus leaves. This is real writing in the lotus pond, static writing. At this time, the breeze came, the wind moved, and the faint lotus fragrance penetrated into people's hearts and spleen, and the leaves trembled like lightning. After the vibration, the lotus pond changed briefly.
The fifth paragraph is about moonlight in the lotus pond. Quiet moonlight, thin blue fog, dreamy leaves and flowers with veils, faint clouds, the amorous feelings of taking a nap, the shadows of trees and the moon show elegance and tranquility everywhere, and this feeling of elegance and tranquility can only be possessed in the environment of the lotus pond alone on a moonlit night. Here, the lotus pond and moonlight blend together.
The beauty of the lotus pond is also set off by the surrounding environment, so the sixth paragraph describes the scenery around the lotus pond. All kinds of trees, moonlight leaking between trees, distant mountains and listless lights seem to give the author a kind of peace, but when he hears the lively cicadas and frogs, he suddenly feels that "the excitement is theirs, and I have nothing." These three paragraphs describe the lotus pond under the moon, the moonlight in the pond and the surrounding scenery of the lotus pond, creating a hazy and beautiful artistic conception, which makes the author feel beautiful and brings readers beautiful enjoyment.
Second, the feelings contained in the beautiful scenery
The text is another lyric prose. Although the main part of the article focuses on writing scenes with pen and ink, these scenes are all for expressing feelings, and they are expressed by the beautiful scenery of the lotus pond on a moonlit night. The article begins with emotion, because "my heart is restless these days" led me to the lotus pond to enjoy the beautiful scenery in the pond, and then led to the old custom of picking lotus in Jiangnan, which made me miss Jiangnan and finally returned home. From emotion to scenery and back to emotion, it is a journey and a lyric. This structural arrangement just serves the needs of scenery writing and expression.
Here, the author's thoughts have never been quiet, seeking peace, getting peace and returning to reality. Time is not long, but his feelings have undergone complex changes. There have always been different views on the author's thoughts and feelings embodied in the article. Some people think it shows a melancholy mood, some people think it shows a leisurely mood, some people think it shows an anger of dissatisfaction with reality, some people think it shows a yearning for a better life, and some people think it is the self-shaping of the author's image.
In the past, many critics thought that the author's thoughts and feelings were very complicated, and there were both faint sadness and faint joy in the process of seeking a moment of peace. Why do you say that? It is said that there is sadness because the full text is shrouded in low-key emotions everywhere. At the beginning of the article, I wrote "My heart is quite uneasy", which set a deep emotional tone for the whole article. Then I wrote that the road is secluded and lonely, the moon clouds are faint and hazy, the shadows of trees are jagged and mottled, the shadows of trees are faint and the cicadas and frogs are lively, but they are out of touch with me. Then I think of the grand occasion of the ancients picking lotus, and I miss Jiangnan very much. All these make people feel the faint sadness in the author's heart. Saying that there is joy also begins with the article itself. The author walked to the lotus pond happily, because he expected the lotus pond to "look different in the moonlight"; In the past, the gloomy path, "Tonight is fine", felt that I was a "free man" in such a world; When I arrived in the lotus pond, the author cared more about the beautiful scenery, not so much natural beauty as the beautiful scenery in the author's mind, so I remembered the "busy season" and "romantic season" when the ancients picked lotus. From the above, we can also see that the joy brought by the author's freedom in a short period of time also runs through the whole paper.
Of course, we can also say that this article only describes the ordinary thoughts and feelings of an ordinary person and depicts an unusual summer night trip. Uneasy heart, it is possible for everyone, and it may appear at any time. With such a mood, it is possible to go to a quiet place, enjoy a person's loneliness and find a temporary free space that one can get. In such a time and space, the scenery we see may make us worry, make us happy, and think of the distant future and other personnel. In this way, Zhu Ziqing just wrote a very ordinary thought and emotion of an ordinary person, and we ordinary people, without his wonderful pen, could not write a masterpiece that could infect people's hearts and arouse people's * * *.
For the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author in this article, we can practice the first question after class, so that students can express their views on this question from the article itself, without seeking a unified answer, as long as they can express their understanding clearly and tell some truth.
Third, use language skillfully.
This paper successfully described the moonlight and moonlight of the lotus pond, and entrusted his true feelings in the description of the scenery. This success also benefits from his clever use of language.
Metaphor, synaesthesia and overlapping words are used in many places in the article, which makes the whole text elegant and poetic. For example, the author used three metaphors to write a quiet lotus, "like a pearl, like a star in the blue sky, like a beauty who just came out of the bath", describing the crystal lotus under the bright moon, the lotus swaying under the green leaves and the spotless beauty of the lotus.
The use of synaesthesia makes the language of the article reach a superb level. Synaesthesia means that when people describe objective things, they use the language of images to move one sensory feeling to another, so that "one feeling transcends its own limitations and understands the impression belonging to another feeling" (Qian Zhongshu's words). For example, "the breeze blows, with a faint fragrance, as if it were a faint song on a tall building in the distance." "Xiang" originally belonged to the sense of smell, but the author turned it into a "faint song" on hearing, which made people feel as if nothing had happened, faint fragrance and refreshing. And the transfer of feelings is accompanied by a leap of imagination.
In addition, the use of reduplicated words not only vividly depicts the scene in front of us, but also stretches the literary spirit and gives people a harmonious aesthetic feeling. Such as lush, nearby, high and low trees, winding lotus ponds, faint distant mountains, graceful lotus flowers, leaves in the fields, continuous fragrance, flowing water and dense land.
● Problem solving guidance
First, this topic is mainly to guide students to grasp the emotional tone of the work and the changes of the author's thoughts and feelings, cultivate the ability of analysis and understanding, and reasonably understand the self in the text. The two viewpoints provided in the title are for reference, and students can have other viewpoints. But no matter what kind of point of view you hold, you should do some analysis from the text and tell some truth. Teachers can refer to text analysis to make some explanations. The following are some background materials for writing this article:
Moonlight over the Lotus Pond was written in July 1927, and the author taught in Tsinghua University. The lotus pond described in this paper is in Tsinghua campus. At that time, the revolution failed, and Zhu Ziqing was in anguish and hesitation. He once said to his wife Chen Zhuyin, "I just advocate a kind of neutralization in my daily life." He also said: "My wife and children all refer to my life" and "It is better to be detached for a while". But after all, he is a patriotic Democrat. Facing the reality, he can't be at ease with this detachment. Therefore, in his letter to Mr. S, he admitted: "It seems a little different these days. Like a boat in the vast sea, like a hunter in the endless forest ... "
Secondly, this question is mainly to guide students to understand the metaphors in the text, identify and explain them, and make some concrete analysis. Note that synaesthesia is also used as a metaphor in this issue. In fact, synaesthesia is a special metaphor, which is essentially different from ordinary metaphors. Teachers can give students some explanations based on the text description to help them understand this rhetorical phenomenon.
entity
vehicle
A complete sentence
similar point
An elegant dancer's skirt has high leaves, just like an elegant dancer's skirt. Round, stretched, and similar in shape.
Pearls with white flowers, stars in the blue sky, among the leaves of beautiful women who have just taken a bath … just like pearls, stars in the blue sky, beautiful women who have just taken a bath. Crystal clear, flickering, spotless
The faint fragrance of songs passed by in the breeze, bringing a faint fragrance, as if it were a faint song on a tall building in the distance. If not, it is light and ethereal.
Moonlight, running water, moonlight, like running water, poured quietly on this leaf and flower. Moonlight flows down like water.
Leaves and flowers in the moonlight hold veiled dreams, as if they had been washed in milk; Like a dream in a sarong. Hazy, quiet and soft
The moonlight in the famous music "orchestra pit" played on Brahma is uneven; But light and shadow have a harmonious melody, such as a famous song played in the Vatican. Melodious, warm and harmonious
The color of the tree is a cloud of smoke. An example of the color of a tree is cloudy, which at first glance looks like a cloud of smoke. Confused, hazy
There are still one or two lamps leaking through the sleepy trees. What is listless is sleepy. Dull, listless
1. This metaphor is very appropriate. Because people's senses are interrelated, feelings are interrelated. Here, flowers are compared to distant songs, both of which are ethereal, uncertain, if there is something, if there is nothing; Then use the beautiful and harmonious melody of famous songs to compare the harmony of light and shadow, which not only sets off a warm and elegant atmosphere, but also gives readers rich association and imagination.
2. Different people can have different understandings of metaphor, and different metaphors can have different understandings. Students can exchange views freely without seeking a unified answer.
Thirdly, this question is mainly to let students try to figure out the author's clever use of words in the context, some are the use of reduplicated words, some are the clever use of modifiers, and some are the proper use of verbs.
1. The words in brackets are not literary, but objectively describe the state of things. The use of overlapping words not only describes the state of things, but also eases the tone and produces a harmonious aesthetic feeling.
2. "embellishment" has decorative significance and seems to be intentional, while "opening" is an objective description; "Charming" and "shyness" were originally used to describe a woman's posture and expression. Here, they are used to write lotus flowers, draw the charm of lotus flowers, and pour into the author's subjective feelings, which can stimulate readers' imagination, while "in full bloom" and "in bud" are only objective statements without strong emotional color.
3. "Xie" has the meaning of pouring, and combined with "quiet", it accurately writes out the tangible and silent characteristics of moonlight and shows the quiet beauty of moonlight. The word "photo" is too straightforward and lacks meaning.
4. "Gone with the wind" shows the light floating state of fog, which comes out gently and slowly; The word "L" is too hard to highlight the lightness and softness of fog.
5. "Far and near", the use of overlapping words, resulting in syllable repetition, more prominent characteristics of trees. There are heights in the distance, although it also writes different aspects, but it is not as strong as overlapping words for readers.
Fourthly, this is a recitation question, which is mainly to guide students to form the habit of accumulating language, consciously remember some famous sayings and beautiful paragraphs, enrich their language inventory and lay a good foundation for language expression.
● Teaching suggestions
First, this article has beautiful language and harmonious melody, which is especially suitable for reading aloud. On the basis of repeated reading, students can be asked to feel the artistic conception of this article as a whole and get a preliminary understanding of the author's thoughts and feelings
Second, around the "I" in the text to understand the changes in the author's feelings, the teacher will appropriately add some background materials, so that students can understand the author in combination with the text and related materials. Students can express their opinions without seeking a unified answer. Of course, teachers can also be tendentious, combined with text description, to guide students to experience the faint sadness and joy everywhere in the text.
Thirdly, the language of this article is beautiful and vivid, which just meets the needs of landscape writing. Such as the accurate refinement of words, the proper use of modifiers, the use of reduplicated words, and the clever use of rhetorical devices such as metaphor and synaesthesia. Can be combined with after-class exercises to explain properly, so that students can complete independently. You can also ask students to read aloud repeatedly. On the basis of reading aloud, you can choose the language you think is good, what to say, and then accumulate corresponding sentences.
● Relevant information
First of all, about the author
Zhu Ziqing, formerly known as Huazi, was called Qiushi. Born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 1898 Donghai, Jiangsu. 1903 lives in Yangzhou with my family, so I call myself "I am from Yangzhou". 19 16 After graduating from high school, he was admitted to the preparatory class in Peking University, and was renamed "Ziqing" the following year, and was admitted to the undergraduate philosophy department. After graduation, I taught in middle schools in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.
In college, Zhu Ziqing began to write new poems. 1923 published the long poem "Destruction", which shocked the poetry circle at that time. 1929 published the poetry collection Trace, and 1925 became a professor of Tsinghua University. His writing turned to prose and began to study classical literature. 1928 published the prose collection "Back" and became a famous prose writer.
1948 died in Beijing in August. He is a poet, essayist, scholar, democratic fighter and patriotic intellectual. Mao Zedong called him "the hero of our nation". His works include The Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing.
Second, the reference translation of Lotus Picking (Luoding V)
Beautiful teenagers, beautiful girls and soul mates come to pick lotus. The snipe turns its bow, exchanges cups and often laughs to spread love. The paddle gently shook the grass and tripped, and the duckweed at the bow separated. The girl is slim and wears a white silk coat with a thin waist. Love is inseparable, and I can't bear to look back. This is a good season in late spring and early summer, and the flowers in Ye Er are just in full bloom. Laugh at the water, for fear that water drops will splash your clothes. Suddenly I felt the boat leaning, so I quickly put away my silk skirt.
Third, the loneliness of the wise —— Rethinking the theme of Moonlight on the Lotus Pond (Feng Xianyong)
Moonlight over the Lotus Pond (hereinafter referred to as Lotus) is a famous essay written by Professor Zhu Ziqing on July 1927 in Tsinghua University Tsinghua Campus. It has been 70 years since its birth, but its charm is enduring, and the articles on analysis and appreciation vary from person to person. The author has read the article "Holland" in both middle schools and universities, and has taught it many times after work, so it is easy to play. I am always excited to see articles commenting on the article "Holland". However, after the excitement, it was found that the critics played down several points that touched the full text, even when they talked about it, they were vague and general, while the concept of time after the text, "1July 927", was deeply explored, extremely imaginative and attached to the political level. Is Mr. Zhu dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's betrayal of the revolution and the creation of white terror? As an upright intellectual in an extraordinary period, this seems beyond doubt. But that's it? I don't think so!
Considering the full text, I think the article "Lotus" expresses a lonely state of mind of a wise man like "Everyone is drunk, I wake up alone", a sigh and sorrow that is hard to find because I come from all walks of life and am not understood by others, and also expresses the author's longing for youthful vitality.
There are two points to support my view: one is the description of "wife" at the beginning and end of the article Holland; One is a long sentence quoted from the ancient poem "Lotus Picking Fu" and "Xizhou Qu". These two points are just ignored by most theorists.
(A) on the "wife" narrative
There are two descriptions of "wife" in the article Lotus: at the beginning, because of "restless heart", "quietly put on a coat and run out the door", while "wife is patting leap in the room and humming a lullaby", and at the end, "I" is limited by the endless moonlight of lotus fragrance, and my spirit leaps over time and space and swims in the lively, romantic and beautiful artistic conception of ancient poetry. Are these two responses just to make the article complete? The problem is not that simple. Teacher Zhu attaches great importance to the art of writing and is also stingy with pen and ink. He won't conceive and arrange the character "wife" in a short essay structure with more than 1000 words without deep meaning!
Reading the "wife" in Lotus naturally reminds us of the "boy" in Ode to Autumn Sound by Ouyang Xiu. Ouyang Wenzhong's evaluation of autumn sound in Ode to Autumn Sound is very high and profound. But in the end, "the young man was right and fell asleep with his head down." But the smell of insects singing on the four walls seems to help me sigh. "What a' and affair is not our kind of person! People are most afraid of loneliness, but no one can sing when they are eager to vent. The extreme of loneliness is that even the closest people don't understand themselves. The loneliness of a wise man is a kind of loneliness with high and low. The "young man" is familiar with Ouyang Xiu's appearance, but he is tired of Ouyang Xiu's experience and the autumn injury caused by his repeated demotion. We can imagine that when Ouyang Xiu wrote "The boy was right and fell asleep with his head down", his inner loneliness could only be felt when you were the only one left in the world!
Similarly, the "wife" in Lotus (Mr. Zhu's wife in real life is a lady, but the wife in Lotus obviously goes beyond the meaning of wife in real life. She is just a symbol, an image used to express her feelings in the article. That night, my psychological ups and downs and behavior were like passers-by-I, my heart was quite uneasy, my wife didn't know anything, and I was humming a sleep song in a daze. "I" went out of the lotus pond and felt that "my wife" had gradually fallen asleep all the way; "I" enjoyed the beautiful scenery by the lotus pond, the wonderful lotus pond and the boundless moonlight, and "my wife" had already drifted off to sleep. When "I" was brought into reality by the chirping of frogs and cicadas, and turned to thinking freely and indulging in the wonderful romantic realm described in "Lotus Picking Fu" and "Xizhou Qu", the "wife" didn't even know it; When "I" experienced mood swings and pushed the door home, "my wife had slept for a long time".
Here, although the author made a bold speculation about the process of "wife" sleeping, it is also tenable to think about it carefully, because there must be a time evolution from "being in a daze" to "sleeping for a long time". In the article, although "I" did not directly express the dissatisfaction that "my wife" could not share joys and sorrows with "I" ("bitter" means "uneasy", while "sweet" means intoxicated with the moonlight in the lotus pond and longing for the unrestrained life in ancient poetry), we will feel the blame and dissatisfaction with "my wife" everywhere. Secondly, after I went out, I was alone in the boundless moonlight. The words "alone" and "I want to enjoy the boundless moonlight with lotus fragrance" express the author's helplessness to loneliness! Thirdly, after enjoying the moonlight in the lotus pond alone, "I" expressed my helplessness to be alone and my strong desire for excitement-"The excitement is theirs, and I have nothing", "It was a lively season and a romantic season". And this lively and romantic "wife" could have given it to "me", but she enjoyed sleeping alone! Fourth, the ending sentence "My wife has been sleeping for a long time" seems to be an understatement, but in fact it contains thousands of feelings and sentiments. This is by no means like some commentators said that writing his wife is to set off the quiet night scene, and the author is by no means appreciating the quiet night scene brewed by his wife, but an insult like "mourning his misfortune and angering him"!
In short, although there are only two "wives" in He, due to the limitations of the full text, they are by no means idle. It seems that "wife" is written in two places, but in fact "wife" is everywhere. Just writing two strokes can save a lot of pen and ink, which shows Mr. Zhu's kung fu of "cherishing ink as gold"; Second, it can show the originality of the author's unique ideas. It can really be described as "a few strokes, involving the whole article"!
(2) Drawing lessons from "Lotus Picking Fu" and "Western Zhou Qu".
There have always been different opinions about the purpose of Mr. Zhu's quoting Lotus Picking Fu and Xizhou Qu. Jiang Zechun said in "A Bitter Lotus Pond": "This implicit description can not help but remind people of the author's yearning for his familiar hometown because of his own situation and conscious lack of talent." Wu's "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond" holds that "looking back at Jiangnan is a" road "to soothe his miserable and lonely mood ... The poet fantasizes that the dark sky will disappear on its own, and hopes that the struggling life of meeting friends and calling friends in Jiangnan can return to reality." ; Some people think that the author expressed his concern for the southern revolutionary comrades and the revolutionary situation through beautiful flowers and plants ... These failed to hit the nail on the head and were suspected of wearing political colored glasses to observe the article.
In order to truly understand the functions of "Lotus Picking Fu" and "Xizhou Qu" in this paper, we must first understand the following questions: What are the contents of "Lotus Picking Fu" and "Xizhou Qu"? Why can arouse the author's * * *? What kind of mood did the author express at that time by quoting these two ancient poems?
Fu on Picking Lotus is the work of Liang Xiaoyi, which belongs to the category of court literature. The content is about a group of beautiful and graceful girls boating and picking lotus flowers in the sunny late spring, and the yearning for their sweetheart caused by the beautiful scenery in front of them. Xizhou Song is a famous folk song in the Southern Dynasties. The whole poem describes a woman's deep yearning for her lover. The four sentences quoted by Teacher Zhu are about the woman's yearning for Lang, "going out to pick red lotus" and being moved by lotus flowers overhead and lotus seeds like water. The homonym "Reiko Kobayakawa" of "lotus seeds" evokes her love for her lover. I wrote the poem "Lotus Picking Fu".
-It can be seen that the themes of "Lotus Picking Fu" and "Xizhou Qu" are the same, and they both praise love and youth, which has nothing to do with caring for southern revolutionary comrades and the revolutionary situation, and Elaine's own situation and missing her hometown.
At this critical juncture, the author said, "I suddenly remembered the matter of picking lotus." In fact, this "sudden" is not sudden. It is logical to think of lotus picking in poetry from the lotus pond in front of us. Mr. Zhu is lonely in front of the real world. Because of loneliness, he conjured up a lively, romantic, free, beautiful and affectionate world in his spiritual kingdom to fight against it and satisfy his yearning. However, this satisfaction is temporary, and in real life, it is "unhappy". Although there are "lotus flowers on the head" here, there is no shadow of running water. It's really "flowers are intentional and water is ruthless"! So, what is it like in real life? Have a plenty of "nothing".
Therefore, in my opinion, quoting Poems of Picking Lotus and Songs of Xizhou is a happy spiritual journey of Mr. Zhu in the lonely and barren real world, which embodies Mr. Zhu's vision of youth, happiness, freedom and beauty, and is a denial of the attitude of an outsider who is as insensitive as his wife and completely ignorant of all my psychological activities.
Looking back, most people think that "my heart is quite restless" is the full text, which seems to be correct. However, if Mr. Zhu insists on saying "not peace" because he is dissatisfied with the Kuomintang's betrayal of the revolution and creates white terror, it will be a bit "caring for others' stomachs." "In fact, what Mr. Zhu was pursuing at that time was a' temporary detachment and good' attitude towards life. He pays little attention to the production party and the Kuomintang, but he is just a professor who knows a lot. In fact, his "restlessness" is the restlessness of a lonely wise man with noble character, longing for youth and vitality and happiness. This is the restored real Zhu Ziqing, not the artificially inflated Zhu Ziqing.
(Excerpted from Appreciation of Masterpieces, No.2, 1998. Have abridged)
Fourthly, loneliness knows why to live —— Reflections on the theme "Reflection" in Moonlight on the Lotus Pond (Zhang Fuxia)
Mr. Zhu Ziqing's essay Moonlight on the Lotus Pond has been published for more than 70 years. As a classic of the beauty of vernacular Chinese, it has been selected by various Chinese textbooks since the 1930s, and its artistic charm can be described as enduring.
However, the debate about this essay of more than a thousand words (hereinafter referred to as "He") has also lasted for a long time. Teacher Zhu's sentence "My heart is restless these days" has made appreciators and critics "restless" for decades. With all kinds of "exclusive" perspectives and "scientific" methods, this paper explores the connotation of "restless" and tries to make the theme of this article "Lotus" clear. After reading Appreciation of Masterpieces, I saw a new statement about the theme of lotus: Lotus "expresses the loneliness of a wise man like' everyone is drunk, I wake up alone', which is a hard-to-find sigh and sorrow, because I am above others, I am not understood, and also expresses the author's vision for youth and vitality". (Feng Xianyong's Loneliness of the Wise-Rethinking the Theme of Moonlight in the Lotus Pond, published in Appreciation of Masterpieces, No.2, 1998. Hereinafter referred to as sealing. ) The loneliness revealed in the article Lotus is obvious and beyond doubt. The key question that causes the author's concern and thinking here is: Why is loneliness born?
The seal says that Mr. Zhu's loneliness is "because he is taller than others" and "tall but few". There are two bases: one is the narrative of "wife"; One is to quote ancient poetry. The seal believes that it is of great significance for Mr. Zhu to arrange the word "wife" at the beginning and end of the Lotus. In this article, my wife's psychological ups and downs and behavior towards me that night are similar to those of passers-by. I am depressed, walking alone in the lotus pond, but my wife has no idea and enjoys sleeping alone. Therefore, although "I" did not directly express my dissatisfaction with "my wife", there was "dissatisfaction and blame" between the lines. List them one by one, and they are everywhere. In order to make his argument more convincing, the seal also abstracts the character "wife" as "a symbol of expression and expression", which makes it "beyond the meaning of wife in real life", so that Ms. Chen Zhuyin is not guilty (Author's Note: It is wrong to note "wife" as Ms. Chen Zhuyin in the seal. The "wife" in "he" refers to Mr. Zhu's original wife Wu Zhongqian. Wu died in 1929, Zhu Cai married in 1932, and Lotus wrote in 1927), which made "wife" have a typical meaning and represent "all beings". As for the quotation of Poems of Picking Lotus and Xizhou Qu, the seal thinks that besides the meaning recognized by ordinary appreciators (praising youth and longing for happiness), it also reflects Mr. Zhu's "denial" of his insensitive wife's attitude towards life.
In a word, the seal's reasoning logic is: I am full of depression, but my wife can't understand it, so I am "lonely to the extreme", I will complain to my wife, and then I will deny her attitude towards life; My wife doesn't understand, which proves that my heart is higher than "all beings" and my loneliness is "the loneliness of the wise"-there seems to be "reason" and "basis", and the cause and effect are round.
However, I am afraid this can only be a subjective self-circle.
Reception aesthetics holds that literary appreciation is the reader's re-creation of works, and the appreciation process must be based on the aesthetic object (that is, the original, supplemented by the author and background information). However, it is difficult to demonstrate objectively in two key aspects of argumentation, which leads to improper subjective aesthetic judgment.
First of all, my attitude towards my wife.
Reading this article in Holland, we can hardly feel the "discontent and blame" that the seal says is "everywhere". There are only two descriptions of "wife" in the original text. One is the beginning: I feel very uneasy these days, and suddenly I think of the lotus pond when I enjoy the cool at night. After the dead of night, "my wife is patting and skipping in the room, humming a sleepy song", and "I" quietly put on my big shirt and went out. The other is the ending: "I" was exhausted by the moonlight in the lotus pond and remembered the interesting story of picking lotus in Jiangnan. I meditated and went home. "I gently pushed the door and went in, there was no sound. My wife has been sleeping for a long time. " The author thinks that the author writes "wife" at the beginning and end, which not only echoes the structure, but also has the function of expressing feelings. Combined with the full text, these two descriptions make people feel that "I" is so depressed and lonely that even my wife herself can't understand it. The first time is intended to express and explain this emotional tone, and the end is intended to strengthen and extend this deep loneliness. In short, the "wife", the closest person in life, has rendered Mr. Zhu's loneliness and helplessness to the extreme. As the seal says, it seems to be an understatement, but in fact it contains "thousands of feelings."