Lonely goose
Du Fu
A lone goose doesn't want to drink water, refuses to eat, just flies low and longs for its companion.
The geese disappear in the sea of clouds, who will pity the geese in the sky?
Looking at the horizon, I seem to see the figure of my companion; The voice in the valley seems to hear the voice of the companion.
Wild birds don't understand the lonely goose's heart, but make noise for their own voice.
This object-chanting poem was written by Du Fu when he lived in Kuizhou at the beginning of Dali period. This is a song of lonely geese thinking about the crowd. Wonderful body music and the author's thoughts and feelings appear at the same time, which is a masterpiece.
According to the usual method, music is the best thing to recite in poetry, and concealment is the best, and what is recited should not be revealed. Du Fu, on the other hand, called the "lone wild goose" from the beginning, but this lone wild goose is different. It doesn't drink or peck, but keeps flying and barking. Its voice reveals how much it misses its companions! Not only miss, but also desperately pursue, this is really a passionate and persistent "lonely goose." Pu Qilong, a Qing Dynasty man, commented that "flying sound is the bone of poetry" (Reading Du Xin Jie), which captured this point.
The field of secondary association suddenly opened. In the vast sky, this lonely gosling is just a "shadow", lost in the "thousand clouds" with the geese. How anxious, anxious and confused this moment is! The sky is high and the clouds are dim. Where will I find my lost partner? This couplet is asked with the word "Who is pitiful". This question seems to open the floodgate, and the emotional spring in the poet's chest rolls out: "Lonely goose, am I not as sad as you?" The sky is vast, who will pity me? "Poets and geese, things and I blend together, one integrated mass. Zhu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, commented on this poem and said, "I believe the lonely goose misses my brother." I'm afraid the poet misses not only his brother, but also his close friend. After the Anshi Rebellion, in those turbulent years, the poet lived in exile, his relatives and friends were separated, and he was far apart, but he longed for the reunion of flesh and blood all the time, never dreaming that there would be a reunion of bosom friends. The lonely goose gave himself a shadow.
The triple couplet closely follows the first couplet, and depicts the solitary goose's distinctive personality from a psychological point of view: it is entangled in thoughts and tortured by pain, forcing it to keep flying. It looks at the sky, looks at the ground, looks at it, as if the lost geese are shaking in front of it forever; It cried, cried, cried, as if the songs of its companions had been echoing in its ears; Therefore, it has to keep chasing and calling. These two words of blood and tears are profound and sad. Pu Qilong commented: "I only miss flying, but I can't stop watching it." I seem to have seen its group and drove it away; " Only when I think about it will I cry a lot, such as those who listen more. Sketch at this point, the rain cried! "("Reading Du Xin Biography ")
Finally, the poet's love and hate are expressed by foil brushwork. Lonely geese miss the group so urgently, so painfully, so tired; And wild crows don't understand. They kept making noise and enjoying themselves. "Unintentional mood" is the mood of the lonely goose when facing the wild crow, and it is also the mood of Du Fu when he hates boredom when he can't meet his relatives and friends, but faces some ordinary people. "People who know me say I'm worried, and people who don't know me say what I want" (poem Feng Wang Mi Li). What is there to talk about with such "people who don't know me"?
This is a ode to the goose who misses the sheep, and its emotion is deep and strong. It is so lonely and painful, but at the same time, it has to keep calling and pursuing. Its love for friends burns fiercely in its chest, and it can even abandon eating and drinking, regardless of safety; Although Ann's life is thin, her heart is high. She prefers to fly in the clouds, and she has never paid attention to the cold pond in the dim rain. Her poetry is strong and her ideological realm is high.
As far as artistic skills are concerned, the whole article is vivid and vivid, and it is the luck of a great craftsman. It is naturally muddy and has no traces of axe. The two couplets in the middle have feelings and scenes, and the scenes are rich and colorful, even with light and shadow, which can give people a "three-dimensional sense", like the performance of the focus plane to the geese in the clouds, which is really a stroke of genius.
According to (Xu)
(Editor: Warm sunshine)
It's not the autumn wind that keeps you away —— Appreciation of Yu Shinan's Cicada
Cicada droops like a tassel on a hat, its tentacles suck the clear dew, and its voice spreads from the branches of the straight Shulang tree. Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind.
This is a little poem with the meaning of supporting things. It is written that cicadas eat, drink, expose themselves in the breeze and perch on buttonwood trees. Loud and far, not relying on the autumn wind, means that a gentleman should be as high and far as a cicada, not relying on or subject to other things. It expresses the poet's enthusiastic praise and high self-confidence for people's inner character, and shows a graceful demeanor. This is the earliest poem about cicada in Tang Dynasty, which is highly praised by later generations.
"Drinking clear dew and smelling Shu Tong." The tentacles protruding from the cicada's head are like drooping tassels. It is noble and clean, and drinks clear dew on high places. Its melodious and long sound comes from the buttonwood in the distance.
"It's not the autumn wind that keeps cicadas out." Because it lives on a tall buttonwood tree, its cry can naturally spread far and far, not by the autumn wind as most people think. This unique feeling reveals a truth: a man of noble character can be famous without some outside support. )
This collection of poems integrates narration, scenery description, lyricism and discussion, which fully shows the poet's artistic talent of lyricism in scenery.
Author:
Yu Shinan, Bo Shi. (558-638), 8 1 year. Yuyao, a native of Yuezhou (now Zhejiang). In the Sui Dynasty, the official was the secretary lang. After entering the Tang Dynasty, he joined the army as the archives of the Qin government and moved to Taizi Middle School. Bachelor degree, secretary and supervisor of Hong Wen Pavilion. Wen Yi's death. He was quiet and lustless, strong-willed, and sincere in his comments, which won the esteem of Emperor Taizong. Emperor Taizong called it the five wonders of virtue, loyalty, erudition, literature and books. His three object-chanting poems, Fu Ying Zhi, Cicada, and Feng He Yong Wang Weijiao, describe bamboo, cicada and wind respectively, grasping the characteristics of the object tightly and vividly. Thirty volumes are collected, and one volume of poetry is compiled today (Volume 36 of Complete Tang Poetry).
In his childhood, Yu Shinan studied calligraphy with the famous calligrapher, Monk Zhiyong, and won the "two kings" and the brave brushwork, so his brushwork was round and plump, soft outside and firm inside, and his blood was smooth. Critics believe that nepotism is fluttering, but the body is in step, which is a crime. Together with Ou Yangxun, Chu Suiliang and Xue Ji, they are called the four great calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty.
Precautions:
The weeping ear refers to the cicada. Cicada's head has prominent tentacles, shaped like a drooping crown tassel.
Climbing Yueyang Tower
Du Fu
I've always heard that Dongting Lake,
Now I finally climbed the tower.
My east is Wu, and my south is Chu.
Gankun drifted day and night for 2 days.
But my relatives and friends didn't give me news,
I am old and sick, and I am alone with my boat.
Ma Rong 3 Guanshanbei 4,
I shed tears on the porch.
To annotate ...
① Wu Chu sentence: Wu Chu is in the southeast of China; Teal: Split.
② Gan Kun: refers to the day and month.
3 charger: refers to war.
④ Guanshan North: the northern border.
⑤ porch edge: by the window.
Brief analysis
In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu went out to roam the two lakes. This poem is a masterpiece of climbing Yueyang Tower to see the hometown and touching the scenery. I heard that Dongting was famous. However, it was not until the curtain call that I realized my wish to see the famous lake. On the surface, climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time was quite enjoyable. In fact, my original intention was to express my unfulfilled ambition in my early days. Couplets are the vastness of Dongting. Sanlian wrote about the bumpy political life, wandering around the world and the feeling of incompetence. At the end of the couplet, I wrote that I saw the country's turmoil and there was no way to serve the country. Although the scenery is only two sentences, it shows exquisite skills. Although the lyrics are desolate and lonely, they are naturally effortless.
Hometown all rights reserved.
A partridge
Zheng Gu
Those partridges frolic on the warm smoky wasteland to see how neat their colorful feathers are; Look at their behavior, the category is similar to that of lively pheasants during the day.
When it rains, the grass on the southeast lake of Dongting Lake passes through from Anil Kumar Bachu Lake; The petals of Huangling Temple fall and partridges sound.
A wanderer smells wet sleeves, and a good man sings low eyebrows.
Xiangjiang River is wide, and bitter bamboo bushes are deep in the west.
Zheng Gu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, was called "Zhegu Zheng" for "tasting partridge and warning" (Biography of Talented Talents in Tang Dynasty). It can be seen how this partridge poem was said at that time.
Partridge, produced in southern China, looks like a female pheasant and is as big as a pigeon. It is called "hooking up", which is very similar to "inseparable from brothers", so the ancients often used its voice to express the feelings of customers. Zheng Gu's ode to the partridge does not emphasize modeling, but focuses on verve. It was by grasping this that he came up with the idea of dropping ink.
At the beginning, the habits, feather color and shape of partridges are written. Partridges are "afraid of frost and dew, and will come out sooner or later" (Notes of Cui Baogu today). "Warm play is full of smoke, and weeds are blooming", starting with the word "warm", we can see the habits of partridges. The word "jinyi" also gives the partridge colorful and eye-catching feathers. In the poet's mind, the elegant charm of partridge can even be juxtaposed with the beautiful pheasant. Here, the poet did not describe the image of partridge in detail, but wrote about its playful activities and comparison with pheasants to make the finishing point, thus inspiring people's rich associations.
The first couplet chants its shape, and then its sound. However, the poet does not simply copy his voice, but deliberately expresses the resulting sadness and sadness. Caoqing Lake, or Baqiu Lake, is located in the southeast of Dongting Lake. Huangling Temple, near the North Dongting Lake in Xiangyin County. Legend has it that Shun Di made a southern tour and died in Cangwu. Two concubines from the levy, drowned in the Xiangjiang River, and later generations set up a temple at the water's edge, called Huangling Temple. This area is also the place where Qu Yuan lived in history, and it is most likely to cause the anxiety of immigrants. Such a special environment is enough for people to imagine and imagine, and the poet is shrouded in a deep sadness: the rain falls red. Yehe Yesi is fascinated by the sound of rain and falling flowers, forming a sad and distant artistic conception and rendering a heartbreaking atmosphere. At this moment, partridges who are afraid of frost and dew and cold can't play freely and can only lament. However, "after the rain, flowers cry at Huangling Temple", which is repeated over and over again, seems to be like a wanderer recruiting people to set foot in a lonely and desolate place and listening to the cries of partridges. The partridge's voice and attractive feeling are completely integrated. The beauty of these two sentences lies in writing the charm of partridges. The author didn't draw its sound or shape, but the reader seems to hear its sound, see its shape and deeply feel its charm. In this regard, Shen Deqian said with appreciation: "Poems about objects are not as beautiful as verve, and three or four words are not as beautiful as' hook and loop'. Poets call this "partridge Zheng" (Tang Poetry), which shows the mystery of these two poems.
Five or six sentences seem to be written by partridges against people, but in fact, every sentence is inseparable from the voice of partridges, which is quite clever. "A wanderer's sleeves get wet" comes from the word "crow" in the previous sentence, and "a good man croons" is also caused by the sound of partridges. The beauty is undoubtedly singing the word "partridge", which is a sad tone that imitates the voice of partridge. In the face of falling flowers and falling rain, young women in boudoir miss their long-lost husbands, and their feelings are hard to send. Sing a song "partridge", and she can't help herself when she sings it gently. The poet chose two details: a wanderer crying at the sound, and a talented person frowning at the sound, and emphasized them with two function words: "love at first sight" and "talented person", which effectively set off the sadness of partridge crying. In the poet's pen, the partridge cry has become a lovesick song of young women in tall buildings and a heartbroken song of wandering people. Here, people's wailing and birds' wailing complement each other, each with its own splendor; The two complement each other and complement each other.
The last couplet reads: "Xiangjiang River is wide, and bitter bamboos are deep in the west." The poet's pen and ink are more muddy. The voice of "I can't live without my brother" echoed on the vast river. Are flocks of partridges singing in a low voice, or are beautiful wanderers echoing "singing" and "smelling"? This is quite imaginative. "Xiangjiang River is Wide" and "The Sun is Sunset" make the partridge sound more and more sad and the scene more and more deserted. Those partridges who are afraid of the cold are busy looking for warm nests among bitter bamboos, but when can the wanderers who walk alone by the river return to their hometown? The last one is far from the gods, although the words are endless, revealing the poet's strong homesickness. In Qing Dynasty, Jin Shengtan thought that the last sentence was "Legacy is deeper than Prosperity" (Selected Poems of Tang Caizi by Shengtan), which was very insightful. The poet firmly grasps the emotional connection between man and partridge, while eulogizing partridge focuses on conveying charm, integrating man and partridge, and the conception is exquisite and meticulous. No wonder everyone knows the "warning".
(Xu Dingxiang)
(Editor in charge: Warm sunshine)