original text
At the retreat in Wang Changlin.
Chang Jian? Tang dynasty
The water is unfathomable, and the lonely cloud lives in seclusion.
The moon in the middle of the pine forest is shining like a husband.
Maoting has a thick shadow, and the peony garden gathers moss particles.
I also want to reject the secular, and the western hills Luan crane gregarious.
translate
Qingxi flows to the unfathomable Shimen Valley, and the secluded place is only accompanied by lonely clouds.
There is a faint moonlight in the pine forest, and this quiet moonlight seems to be specially sent for you.
The quiet night flower shadow in Mao Ting seems to be in a dream, and the yard full of herbs is full of stains and moss.
I also want to quit my worldly fatigue and go to Xishan to walk with Xiong He, just like him.
To annotate ...
Test: Make a "pole".
Hiding place: A hidden place. Wei: Only.
Jude: Still, still.
Sue: It's a metaphor for the dead of night, like a flower shadow sleeping.
Medicine yard: the yard where peonies are planted. Son: grow up.
Y: Me. Xie Shi: Quit worldly fatigue.
Luan crane: in ancient times, it often referred to the divine bird. Group: keep company with ...
Make an appreciative comment
This is a secluded landscape poem, which has been passed down to this day as a famous work in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, it was highly praised by the "verve school", and it was a masterpiece of meditation after Chang Jian and the broken mountain temple.
The poem "In Wang Changlin's Seclusion" refers to Wang Changling's seclusion before he became an official, and Wang Changling was not here at that time. Wang Changling is about thirty-seven years old. Previously, he had been living in seclusion in Shimen Mountain. The mountain is in today's hanshan county, Anhui Province, which is the place called "Qingxi" in the poem. Xuyi, where Chang Jian worked, is now Xuyi, Jiangsu, and is located in the north and south of Huaihe River with Shimen Mountain. Chang Jian resigned and returned to Fanshan, Wuchang, probably not far from the Huaihe River. He visited the nearby Shimen Mountain and stayed in a secluded place in Wang Changling for one night.
The first part is about Wang Changling's seclusion. The phrase "unfathomable" does not refer to the depth of water, but to the fact that Qingxi water flows into the depths of Shimen Mountain with no end in sight. Wang Changling lives in seclusion on Shimen Mountain, with clear streams and flowing water, and only a piece of white clouds can be seen. Tao Hongjing, a hermit in Qi and Liang Dynasties and a "prime minister in the mountains", said to Emperor Gaudi, "What's in your mountain? There are many white clouds on the ridge. I can only ask for more happiness, and I am reluctant to give it to you. " Therefore, the white clouds on the mountain are a symbol of the hermit's residence and a symbol of lofty demeanor. But Tao Hongjing is a famous hermit with a lot of white clouds; Wang Changling is poor and lonely, but more lofty. Xu Zeng, a member of the A Qing Dynasty, said, "Only when I see the lonely clouds and Changling is not there, I feel lonely." This understanding is also interesting.
What the two poets in the middle saw and felt at the Wang Changlin retreat. Zhuan Xu "or be a friend of his own childlike heart", where the poet stayed, looked up, the pine trees shaded him, a bright moon rose slowly, and the light shone into the room. "Jun" is Wang Changling. Wang Changling was absent and Mingyue was affectionate, but she still came to accompany his guests. Wang Changling's seclusion is poor and elegant, and there is only one lonely Mao Ting here. "You rest under the thatch, and in the shadow of your flowers, you bring dewy herbs to flourish on their moss beds" means spending the night in Mao Ting and watching the flower clouds outside the window, scattered and mottled; When I walked into the yard, I saw that all kinds of herbs were still growing well, but because no one came and went for a long time, the roadside was covered with moss. It seems that this is just an interest in writing about seclusion. In fact, between the lines, it reveals the poet's regret that Wang Changling didn't insist on retiring.
At the end, the couplet wrote the poet's own ambition and satirized his friend: "Let me leave this world. Let me land on your western hill like you, where there are phoenixes and cranes. " "Luan Hequn" uses Jiang Yan's "Denglushan censer peak" to say that "this mountain is full of Luan Hequn, which means to live in seclusion for life. What is expressed here is the poet's own thoughts and expectations for his friends. The word "Yi" is wonderful. At this time, Wang Changling has entered the official career, but Chang Jian praised Wang Changling's seclusion and said that I will follow you in seclusion. This is deliberately said, and it is a satire on Wang Changling. This is the theme of this poem, which is consistent with the meaning of the title "A retreat in Wang Changlin". In other words, Chang Jian recruited Wang Changling to abdicate, which is the same as the poem "E Zhu Zhao Wang Wei" introduced at the beginning of this article.
The artistic feature of this poem is indeed the same as that of a Buddhist retreat behind the Broken Mountain Temple. "Its meaning is far-reaching, its interest is extraordinary, its beautiful sentences are rare, and only its meaning is discussed." Poets are good at writing landscapes in a simple way, which contains profound metaphors, clear images, implicit poems and clear intentions, which are memorable. As far as this poem is concerned, the poet skillfully grasped the place where Wang Changling once lived in seclusion, deeply praised Wang Changling's noble character and noble seclusion interest, and sincerely expressed his irony and expectation of the official Wang Changling's return. Therefore, in terms of conception and expression, the characteristic of "only expressing ambition" is more prominent. The whole article praises this and exhorts the other, which is intended to be implicit and affectionate with the scenery, so that the ruthless scenery in Wang Changling's seclusion is full of deep affection for Wang Changling, and Wang Changling is willing to return. But the technique is just straightforward, not anthropomorphic. Therefore, it is touching in writing, pleasing in expressing ideas, and really close to Wang Wei and Meng Haoran in artistic style.
Creation background
Chang Jian and Wang Changling were official friends and good friends of the same scholar in 727 AD (15th year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty). However, the experience and destination after being an official are very different. This poem was written by Chang Jian when he resigned and retired, passing through Wang Changling's residence before becoming an official, namely Shimen Mountain in hanshan county, Anhui Province. Chang Jian spent the night in the old seclusion of an old friend, so he wrote this article.
Brief introduction of the author
Chang Jian (708-765), a poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose name is unknown, is said to be from Xingtai or Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi). In the 15th year of Kaiyuan, he was a scholar in the same column as Wang Changling, and his career was unsatisfactory. He has lived a wandering life for a long time. After moving home, he lived in seclusion in Ezhu. Tian Baozhong, a former Xu Yiwei.