The mountain is cold and blue now, and the autumn water has flowed for a day. Leaning against Chai Men, listening to cicadas in the evening breeze. Sunset lingers at the ferry, and the smoke from supper rises from the house. Oh, when will I make a wish to the great hermit again and sing a wild poem under five willows? .
This poem is a five-character poem given to Pei Di by Wang Wei. This is a poem with harmonious scenes. It not only describes the beautiful scenery of Wangchuan's landscape and countryside, but also depicts the images of the poet and Pei Di, two hermits, which makes the characters and scenery set each other off, shows the poet's joy of seclusion and sincere feelings for his friends, and reflects the richness and profundity of Wang Wei's inner life when he lived in Wangchuan, a spiritual home.
A series of scenery with time and seasonal characteristics, such as cold mountains, autumn waters, sunset and solitary smoke, in the first couplet and the neck couplet, constitute a harmonious landscape painting, emphasizing the harmony between man and nature, which is truly "painting in poetry" In this poem, all the scenery has infected the poet's subjective feelings. They do not exist in isolation. They are endowed with souls by poets, just like a real landscape painting presented to us.
"The mountain is now cold and blue, and the autumn water has flowed for a day." The first couplet is about the scenery in the mountains in autumn, that is, the cold mountains, which shows that autumn is strong and the word "turn" turns green, which makes the static landscape painting show a dynamic change of color. The gurgling of water is dynamic, and the gurgling of the sky is the gurgling of the sun. Every day, it flows in a ding-dong and a "day". "Cold autumn, spring water ding-dong, it will be late, adding a touch of green to the mountains." The first antithetical couplet has already revealed the scene of sunset, only passing through it for a moment, sketching out a sunset mountain scene that is suitable for both static and dynamic, which is desirable. It is the absolute freedom that Zen emphasizes to embody the mind without living, and it is eternal to realize the static ontology in the dynamic phenomenon world.
"Sunset lingers at the ferry, and the smoke from supper rises from the house." The necklace couplet is about vilen in the twilight, sunset and kitchen smoke. This is a typical rural scenery in the sunset, giving people a sense of tranquility. Water, land, man and nature are intertwined. The author is unique in the choice of scenery, showing everyone's demeanor. "Sunset lingers on the ferry", only "sunset" remains, and the rest are short-lived and fleeting, the author wrote. Give people unlimited imagination and beauty. Fishermen fishing on the water have docked their boats on the shore and are ready to go home. The water is sparkling, reflecting the glory of the sunset, what a beautiful and peaceful pastoral scenery. The authors of the first couplet and the couplet write two forms of time: one is the time that has no beginning and no end, like water, which never stops, just as the first couplet wrote, "Autumn water has been running all day", and the other is the "slice" or fragment that exists instantly on a certain scale, that is, "the sunset lingers at the ferry". The kitchen smoke wafted from the residential buildings at midnight, which shows that the author used Tao Yuanming's words "Wen Yuan's village, the kitchen smoke from Yi Yi's town" and "Returning to the Garden", and the word ""personified the scene that the kitchen smoke lingered and could not bear to leave, while Wang Wei's poem showed the scene that the first wisp of kitchen smoke slowly rose into the air at dusk, each with its own artistic conception. This couplet not only showed the scene that the kitchen smoke slowly rose. The first link focuses on movement, and this link focuses on quietness, which contains simple dialectical thoughts and emphasizes the harmony between man and nature.
"At the door of my thatched cottage, leaning against my cane, I listened to the cicada singing in the evening breeze." Zhuan Xu wrote the poet's own modality, leaning against Chai Men, seeing the poet's carefree manner, listening to the cicada singing in the breeze, showing the poet's concentration, leaning against Chai Men, listening to the cold mountain spring, listening to the cicada singing in the evening tree, watching the sunset on the ferry and watching the solitary smoke in the market. Isn't this the expression of concentration and freedom in Tao Yuanming's Gui Xi Ci? Isn't this a manifestation of meditation? The poet has always yearned for an idyllic life like Tao Yuanming. In the couplets, the poet compares himself with Mr. Wuliu, the hero in Mr. Wuliu's Biography by Tao Yuanming. Mr. Wuliu is a hermit who forgets his gains and losses and entertains himself with poetry and wine. In fact, this is Tao Yuanming's self-portrayal. The poet takes Mr. Wuliu as his own condition, which shows how much the poet respects Tao Yuanming. "Oh, when will I swear to the great hermit again to sing a wild poem on five willows? Jieyu was a madman in the State of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and "sang a crazy song to argue Confucius". The author compared Pei Di to the relief of depression intoxicated by crazy songs, and highly praised the noble character of his friends. It can also be seen that the poets think that Pei Di is not an ordinary person, such as Tao Yuanming, Jieyu, Wang Wei and Pei Di. Although these four people are not in the same era and have different personalities, they "meet" here through this poem that travels through time and space. In such a quiet beauty, the poet met a friend who also had lofty ideals. At this time, we can see that the poet's strong feelings are highlighted. After all, in that sad era and the Anshi rebellion, Wang Wei could not completely calm down, even in such a quiet and harmonious beauty. The poet's anger at not being able to serve the country is vividly shown here.