When the two armies are at war, how to make the timid not retreat alone, the brave not advance alone, give full play to their overall advantages and get the greatest benefits is a problem that strategists of the three countries are concerned about. It is also a difficult problem for the strategists of the three countries to change the situation and reverse the balance between the enemy and ourselves.
He Jin occupies an important position, but in the face of eunuch dictatorship, he is helpless, cowardly and incompetent, and even mobilizes troops outside the capital to suppress it. As a result, the news leaked out, which was designed by eunuchs and beheaded in the palace. Dong Zhuo went to Beijing, lured the wolf into the room, deposed Shaodi, and set up Xian Di instead, causing chaos in Kyoto. Before that, Cao Cao heard about Blades' countermeasures, laughed at them and thought:
There should be vertical officials in castration in ancient and modern times, but the Lord should not abuse power to spoil them, which makes this so. As long as he is punished for his crimes, Yuan Evil should be punished. A jailer is enough. Why did you call in foreign generals? If you want to punish it, it will be exposed, and I saw it defeated. (The History of the Three Kingdoms and Emperor Wudi is quoted from Shu Wei)
And Lombardi such eunuch's situation is:
Kill all eunuchs, young and long. Or there is no need to accidentally kill someone until the spontaneous body is exposed. Officials may do good deeds and be self-sufficient, but they still see it and abuse it. More than 2000 people died.
Blade, for the timid; Cao Cao's theory is said by wise men; Yuan Shao's trip is for those who are brave outside and afraid inside. The difference between the tolerance and character of decision makers, courage and timidity, has completely different consequences. According to Cao Cao's wisdom, it is enough for blades to capture eunuchs alive. Yuan Shao can make eunuchs "take (borrow) improper leave and abuse power for personal gain" without making a fuss or fighting. The value of Cao Cao's wisdom lies in inspiring people to think that both wisdom and courage can give people great courage, and can also control reckless and violent courage. In other words, in the hands of strategists, the situation of courage and timidity can be reversed. With this reversal, we can create courage and strategy.
Strategists believe that the difference between courage and timidity lies not only in people's natural temperament, but also in their understanding of the objective world and the external situation. Cao Cao knew that Dong Zhuo had no choice but to go west to Xingyang Bianshui, regardless of his thin strength. Although he was defeated by Xu Rong, the general of Dong Zhuo, he was brave and good at fighting, showing extraordinary courage. On the contrary, 100,000 troops of the Kanto Allied Forces stationed on Zizyphus jujuba, hesitated and dared not join the army. Its commander-in-chief has a shallow understanding of the situation, which determines his fear and cowardice in action. The reason why Yu Xun showed fearless courage in the battle of Guandu, when Cao Jun was about to withdraw his troops, was because the strength at that time was only one tenth of that of Yuan Jun. When he is in danger, the key is that he understands that "whoever leaves first will be defeated", and it is Cao Jun who holds Yuan Jun by the throat and makes him unable to move forward. Cao Yuan has been confronted for half a year, and Yuan Jun's opportunities and unexpected victories have been "exhausted"
On the eve of Battle of Red Cliffs, Sun Quan received a letter from Cao Cao, saying:
People close to you will be condemned and told to point south, but Liu Cong will give up. Today, there are 800 water conservancy troops, and Fang and the general will hunt in Wu. (Biography of Three Kingdoms Mr. Wu is quoted from Biography of Jiang Biao)
Wu Dong earthquake fear, tremble with fear, discussants all think:
Tso Kung holds the tiger, but in the name of Han Xiang, he takes the son of heaven to levy all directions, taking the court as his resignation. Today, he refused, and things got worse. And the general (referring to Sun Quan) is the general trend, but he can refuse to exercise, and so can the Yangtze River. Today, Jingzhou has a place in the election. Liu Biao is in charge of water conservancy and Meng Chong is in charge of warships. By the thousands, Cao Cao knew that he was drifting along the river, both infantry and land. This is the risk of the Yangtze River, which has always been with me. And there are so many forces that it is impossible to talk about it. It is better to satisfy a fool's plan than to satisfy it. (Biography of the Three Kingdoms and Zhou Yu)
Wu Dong ministers, such as Zhang Zhao and Qin Song, were awed by Cao Cao's great power. They all thought that the strength of the two sides was very different, and they advocated surrendering to Cao Cao, showing cowardice. Zhuge Liang, Lu Su, Zhou Yu and others deeply analyzed the two sides and were not deceived by appearances. They think that Cao Cao's going south has more advantages than disadvantages, and the two sides are at war, which is likely to win. Therefore, they have infinite courage and advocate the war of resistance. It is precisely because of the insight and foresight of Zhuge Liang and other military strategists that they have brought a hundred times of courage to the war of resistance. It is obvious that the difference between bravery and timidity is influenced by cognition.
The battle between Wei, Wu and He Fei is also a profound truth. The difference between bravery and timidity is influenced by wisdom and strategy. Cao Cao conquered Zhang Lu in Hanzhong, leaving 7,000 men to defend Hefei. Sun Quan led hundreds of people and surrounded Hefei. Zhang Liao, Le Jin and Li Dian followed the plan and struggled to resist. Zhang Liao's performance is particularly outstanding. Wearing a halberd, he took the lead, reprimanded Sun Quan among all the armies, pulled himself out of the encirclement, and was as brave as a tiger, making the people of Wu breathless. Hefei City was well preserved for more than ten days. Zhang Liao is a general for Wei Yong, but because he is a wise general, he dares to be confident and win more with less. Before the war, Zhang Liao had an ideological understanding:
The public (referring to Cao Cao) is on an expedition. If you save it, you will break me. Therefore, we should attack the religion and its failure, break its prosperity, reassure the public, and then defend it. The odds of success or failure, what do you doubt in this battle? (Biography of the Three Kingdoms Zhang Liao)
Strategists in the three countries also realized that the difference between bravery and timidity lies in the size of external pressure. Therefore, the use of courage and timidity will pay attention to creating various pressures, making the brave timid and the timid brave. Cao Cao attacked the allied forces of Liu Biao and Zhang Xiu by stepping on the ground and riding horses, and achieved great victory. When Yu Xun asked him why, Cao Cao pointed out: "Lu (referring to Liu,) prevented me from returning to the division, but I died, knowing how to win." ("The History of the Three Kingdoms and Emperor Wudi") Originally, Cao Cao was attacked from front to back, and the situation was very unfavorable. However, Cao Jun was a soldier who returned to China. His morale was difficult and he fell into death. If he doesn't fight, there is no way out. The high pressure from outside inspired the potential ability of the soldiers. Everyone fought bloody battles and finally became brave and defeated the enemy. Cao Ren encouraged the people to defeat the enemy and rescued the Golden Bull from thousands of troops. In the face of a strong enemy, Zhao Yun used his quick wits to set up an empty city to break the enemy. During the Three Kingdoms period, there were many examples of making timid people brave in the face of strong enemies and in times of crisis. As for bravado, diversion, pretending to be fake soldiers, forcing the strong enemy to retreat, the brave are discouraged, and there are countless examples.
The three countries are brave and fearful in the use of military tactics, and they also pay attention to the technique of mutual change: if they are brave, they will be brave, if they are afraid, they will be afraid. The purpose of courage and timidity is to disarm your opponent ideologically, be indifferent, and then get up and give a fatal blow. Lu Xun countered Liu Bei, Sima Yi tried to get rid of Cao Shuang, and Lu Meng and Lu Xun treated Guan Yu, all of which belonged to this category. Courage is to create a virtual situation and intimidate the enemy in order to achieve the purpose of retreat. Lu Xun withdrew from Xiangyang, Sun Jian attacked Hu Jinquan, a pirate, and retreated to Luyang City, which are typical examples. The change of courage and timidity is determined by the situation.
The hegemony of the three countries is inseparable from the contest of strength and wisdom. Strength is the foundation and wisdom is the use. However, if you are brave and timid in the struggle, there is a difference between victory and failure. The strategy of fearing the brave created by the military strategists of the Three Kingdoms can change the original strength contrast between the two sides of the struggle, making the brave lose their souls and the fearful brave, so it is widely used. And those major designs that affect historical development and changes in the situation and pattern are masterpieces of brilliant strategists, which are not imitated by ordinary people.