In the fifth year of Dadao (1 169), Lu You was put into use at the age of 46 and was sentenced by Kuizhou (now Fengjie City, Sichuan Province). After his term of office, he was invited by Sichuan ambassador Wang Yanzhi to preside over military affairs in the shogunate. From then on, Lu You changed into a military uniform and devoted himself to military life, intending to recover lost ground. In less than a year, Wang Yan and Lu You were transferred and did nothing, because the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty had no intention of the Northern Expedition. In the fifth year of Xi Chun, Xiao Zong called Lu You to return to the east and served as the judge of salt tea in Fujian and Jiangnan West Road. Once in charge of Yanzhou (now Jiande, Zhejiang). Guangzong acceded to the throne, and Lu You entered the DPRK as a doctor and did not serve as a doctor. Over the past decade, there have been three ups and downs: Jiangxi was dismissed as an official and returned to his hometown on the charge of "abusing power for personal gain"; Huaidong's appointment is based on the theory that "he misbehaves himself, and what he does exceeds the regulations"; And he was dismissed because he was falsely accused of "laughing at romantic".
Guangzong Shao Xiyuan (1 190), Lu You has been living in his hometown Yinshan Sanshan Village since he was 66 years old. During this period, I majored in Filial Piety, Guangzong History of Two Dynasties and History of Three Dynasties in Lin 'an. He has always been "serving the people, reciting agricultural books and mixing with old farmers." But he cares about the current situation and his patriotic enthusiasm is undiminished. He died at the age of 85.
Lu You was famous for his poems all his life. /kloc-began to learn to write poetry at the age of 0/2, and until the age of 84, he was still "worried for three days without poetry." On his deathbed, he also wrote the poem "Shizi" with a pen: "When you die, everything is empty, and you are sad to see Kyushu. Julian Waghann set the Central Plains Day in the north, and the family sacrifice did not forget to tell Nai Weng. " He called himself "10,000 poems in 60 years". There are more than 9,300 poems by Lu You, not including his own works deleted in his early years. There are complete works of Lu Fangweng.
Lu You's poems have a wide range of themes, involving all aspects of social life at that time. The core of its ideological content is patriotism. In his poems, he expressed his ambition of sweeping Chen Hu and pacifying the world, and shouted for recovering the Central Plains and reunifying the motherland. Reading Sun Tzu's Art of War at Night: "The heart of Wan Li has always been the forerunner of Zhou Wang. All the soldiers who died were ashamed to go back to their wives. " "Travel Notes of the Old Horse": "You can still admire Zhao Wei when you hear the drums." A Passage to Jin Cuodao expresses the ideal of resisting Japan and the ambition of making contributions to the country, and it is full of vigor and vitality: "The golden road is covered with white jade, and the night shines out of the window. Husband did not achieve fifty merits, and took care of the eight famine independently with a knife. Jinghua makes friends with all strangers and falls in love with life and death. In one thousand, Shi Ce was relegated to obscurity, and a piece of Dan Xin was reported to the son of heaven. When you come to Tianhanbin to join the army, the light snow in Nanshan is rugged. Alas, although the Chu family can destroy Qin, how can they have a free country! " Lu You's stubborn ambition is entirely caused by the capitulationists of the ruling clique. Lu You's poems are aimed at the policy of humiliating and seeking peace and the act of traitorous surrender. He laughed at the compromise policy pursued by the capitulators. "Feelings" said: "The temple is still under Wang Dao, and Jinling is the north gate." He was saddened by the "Longxing Peace Talks" that humiliated his power and his country, and wrote "Drunk Songs": "When the horse dies, I will keep the peace treaty. The poor side refers to flying, and the foreign land depends on Luo Jing. " In "Reading Fan Ju at Night", it is said that the elders of the Central Plains shed tears when they saw the emissary, felt about it and made a quatrain. There is a saying: "Gong Qing arranged Zong Ze well, and no one used Yue Fei." Lu You was indignant at the ruling clique's rejection of the anti-Japanese generals and the delay of state affairs. There is Guan Shanyue's masterpiece:
In the fifteenth year of Herong's reign, the general did not fight empty borders. Zhu dances heavily, but the horse is fat and the bow is broken. Garrison Diao Dou urged the moon to set and joined the army at the age of 30. Who knows that a strong man's heart is in the flute, and the sand head is empty to recruit people's bones. There was a smell of war in the original, and some descendants turned against Hu Chuan. The adherents endured death and hoped to recover. A few tears tonight.
The whole poem has four sentences and one rhyme, describing the different life scenes of different characters in the rear, front and occupied areas respectively, and accusing the rulers of betraying the country and surrendering in order to drag out an ignoble existence and indulge in pleasure. It shows the grief and indignation of the soldiers in front who want to fight. Expressed the hatred of the people in the occupied areas and the urgency of restoring the Central Plains. The joy of the powerful, the grief and indignation of the strong and the tears of the adherents appear in the poem at the same time, which constitutes a strong contrast. It shows the sharp combativeness of land travel. It is precisely because of Lu You's critical struggle spirit that it is an inevitable result to be "taboo at that time" and "ordered not to be a good official".
In Lu You's poems, a large number of works are expressing the grief and indignation of unfulfilled ambition, showing the dedication of "serving the country and dying without a battlefield". The Book of Wrath is his masterpiece.
I don't know the difficulties in the world at an early age, and the Central Plains looks like a mountain. It snowed all night in the building, and the autumn wind dispersed in the iron horse. Stuffed on the Great Wall, making empty promises, the sideburns in the mirror have long faded. Real name first, who is better than one thousand years!
This poem was written in the spring of the 13th year of Xichun (1 186), and the poet was 62 years old. Looking back on his early years, he looked north at the Central Plains, swallowed mountains and rivers, and yearned for the military life of Jin Ge Tiema. He lamented that there was an empty ambition to fill the Great Wall, but he was helpless. He was born early, not only can he ask questions, but who can compare with Zhuge Liang and do his best? In fact, he said that he would establish the Central Plains in the north and fight for it all his life. The fighting spirit of the whole poem is indeed the fighting horn that inspires the national spirit of that era. In addition, "Feeling of Going Out of the Hedge Gate at Dawn in Autumn Night to Meet the Cold": "To the east of Wan Li, there is a sea of people, climbing skyscrapers for five thousand miles. The adherents are in tears in the dust, and Julian Waghann will look south for another year! " I can't express my sympathy for the people in the occupied areas in the north.
Lu You's poem "Worrying about the country and the people" is patriotic and loves the people more. Many poems show his concern and love for the people. He cared about the sufferings of farmers and wrote three poems "Taixi". One wrote: "A poor family sighs too much, just like a broken boat, and can't sleep all night. Spring worries about water and drought in autumn, and branches around the New Year. "
Lu You is an expert in writing landscapes. "A grass, a tree, a fish and a bird are all cut into poems". Leave many masterpieces. Such as "Lin 'an Spring Rain":
For years, the taste of this world was as thin as gauze. Who will be the rider in Beijing? Living in a small building and listening to the falling spring rain, you will hear the sound of selling apricots in the depths of the alley early in the morning. Slowly spread out small pieces of paper sideways, every word is organized, carefully boil water and tea under the sun window, skim it and try to taste famous tea. Oh, don't sigh that the dust in Kyoto will stain the white clothes, and there is still time to return to the mirror house in Lake Ubak.
This poem was written in the spring of 13th year (1 186), and Lu You lived by the West Lake. This poem vividly describes the beautiful spring scenery of Chu and Qing in the spring rain. "The small building listens to the spring rain all night, and the deep alley sells apricot flowers", a famous saying throughout the ages, is well known. When writing the scenery, the poet's boredom with official life is also revealed. Men have a famous article "Rain at Jianmen Road":
Dust and wine stains on clothes make you disappear everywhere. Is this body a poet? Riding a donkey into the sword gate in the drizzle.
This poem was written on Lu You's way from the anti-gold front to the appeasement department of Chengdu Prefecture as a senator. Don't write about the sword gate, don't write about the rain in Mao Mao, mainly about the poet himself and his feelings here and now. Like a painting, the center of the painting is an image of a poor poet riding a thin donkey. Ask yourself, is it just the poet riding a donkey looking for poetry? Why were soldiers transferred from the front line of the anti-Japanese war? A problem, which contains infinite emotions. This drizzle is the wrong climate, this sword gate is the wrong place, and soldiers should not do poet business in such a climate and such a place. Obviously, he expressed his dissatisfaction with court mobilization.
Lu You was dissatisfied with politics all his life, his ambition to serve the country was hard to achieve, and he also had unfortunate experiences in family and marriage. Shen Yuan's poems are about his love tragedy with Tang Wan. First of all:
On the city, the setting sun draws a corner to mourn, and the Shen Garden is not a revival pool platform. Under the sad bridge, the spring waves are green, which used to be a stunning photo.
Second:
The dream is broken and fragrant for forty years, but the willow in Shenyuan doesn't blow cotton. This body is a land of mountains and mountains, or a trace of death!
Lu You and his cousin Tang Wan have deep feelings after their marriage. But they divorced because of their mother's order, and met in Shen Yuan 10 years later. Soon, Tang Wan died of depression. Forty years later, Lu You revisited Shenyuan, felt hurt, wrote poems in memory of Tang Wan, and sued his feudal parents. It is commendable to have deep feelings and dare to reveal your inner world.
Lu You's poems broadly and truly reflect the social reality in the early Southern Song Dynasty. In the spirit of realism. At the same time, Lu You's poems have a strong romantic color. Especially those poems that focus on expressing the poet's ideal and ambition, such as Drunken Song, Sigh for Wine, Drunken Song on the Pool, Divine Comedy, Drunken Book Upstairs, Drunken Piping in Jiangta, etc., are even more impassioned, optimistic, confident and unrestrained. Lu You, in particular, likes to express his romantic feelings in the form of dreams. He has many dreams, but what he dreams most is his military life in Nanzheng. "Sleeping at night listening to the wind and rain, iron horse glacier dream." "The third watch caressed the pillow and suddenly cried, and I had a dream of Marie Laure Gigon Pavilion." He wrote "Strange Dreams", the most beautiful dream is "In the middle of the night on May 11th, I dreamed of going to my hometown of Han and Tang Dynasties, and looked at the colorful characters of the cities, saying: Xiliang House is also. Very happy. Make a long sentence at once and feel it before the end, but it's enough. ":
Tianbao Hu Bing is trapped in two capitals, and there is no Han camp in the north court and Anxi. In 500 years, I didn't ask, the Lord sent a letter to the beginning of the expedition. The bear was driven away by millions, and his hometown was handed down effortlessly. The city will never be filled with new maps, and the palace will announce Amnesty. The mountains and rivers are as beautiful as Han mountains and rivers, and the documents were first used in. Driving the first six armies was wrong, and the autumn wind drummed all over the sky. Before the alfalfa peak, the pavilion is blocked, and the Taiping fire is in Jiaohe River. Liangzhou is full of high-rise buildings and has developed into Kyoto.
Lu you dreamed of resisting gold and recovering lost land, hoping that the emperor would personally levy reunification between the north and the south. In the poem, women in Liangzhou comb their hair and dress up to learn Kyoto hairstyle, which not only shows the new atmosphere of the unity of land, customs and human feelings, but also blends dreams with reality, which is particularly true. The whole poem has bright colors, and it is a masterpiece in the poems of chanting for the bosom.
The genres of Lu You's poems are long and varied. Classical poetry is bold and vigorous, rhythmic poetry is exquisite and beautiful, and quatrains are affectionate. There are many beautiful sentences, such as "there is no way to recover from doubts, and there is another village." Especially the seven laws are well written. The language is round and smooth, refined and natural. Has always been praised by people.
Lu You is a versatile writer. He has high attainments in the fields of ci-fu, history and calligraphy. Although he is good at poetry and Yu Liwei Ci, he is one of the famous poets in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are more than 30 existing poems/kloc-0, among which there are many excellent ones. Confession is his outstanding representative work;
When Wanli sought to seal Hou, the horse was in Qiliangzhou. Now the military life of defending the frontier fortress can only appear in dreams, but I don't know where I am in dreams. Dust covered the old mink fur. The Hu people are still alive, the temples are frosty in autumn, and the affectionate tears are dry. In this life, who knows, my heart is in Tianshan, and I am always in Cangzhou!
Lu You wrote this when he lived in Yinshan at the age of sixty-five. The whole poem uses the method of contrast to express the poet's sigh that he is negative and can't be put into use all his life. His language is extremely refined and his style is extremely depressed. And the words that describe things and express their feelings, "Bu Fu Yongmei" is even more popular throughout the ages:
Outside the bridge, the plum blossoms are lonely, no matter what. Twilight arrival, plum blossom is helpless, exhausted, and has to withstand the wind and rain. I have no intention of striving for spring. Every group of people are jealous, and they are all smashed into mud and crushed into ashes. Only the fragrance remains unchanged.
This word. With the noble character of plum blossom, it is "as fragrant as ever" even if it is crushed into dust in the harsh environment devastated by wind and rain at dusk, which symbolizes that it still maintains its noble integrity and leaves its fragrance to the world like plum blossom in the dirty reality that evil forces are in power and small groups are jealous and slanderous.
Lu You is known as the first prose writer in the Southern Song Dynasty, and he is also known as the master of ancient prose with Zhu. His prose is as big as writing about the national economy and people's livelihood, as big as writing the story of Jing, as big as writing the story of Brother Tong Hu and so on. As small as writing trivial things about life, such as Living Room, Dongli, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty and Preface to East Building. But no matter political theory, historical biography, preface and postscript, travel notes and essays, all articles are full of patriotism and positive ideological significance.
The six-volume book Entering Shu is a travel prose written in the form of a diary. The recording started in Yin Shan on May170 and ended in Kuizhou on October 27th/Kloc-0. The content is extremely rich. There are descriptions of mountains and rivers, places of interest, customs and customs along the way, comments and textual research on the inscriptions of previous poems, and descriptions of geographical evolution knowledge. Broadening readers' knowledge and horizons is beyond the reach of ordinary travel notes. As for concise and elegant writing, vivid and natural narration, novel and original opinions and indifferent feelings, they are unique in ancient travel prose.
Notes of Old Xuegong, with 576 articles in 10 volume, belongs to historical anecdotes. In his later years, Lu You's study was named "Old Learning Temple", and he took a sentence from Shi Kuang, "Learning to be old is like candlelight at night". The events recorded in Shao Xi's reign (1190—1194) were very extensive. About current affairs, there are records of famous things and laws at that time, all kinds of anecdotes and poems. Each article is about 30 to 300 words, with fresh and concise words, beautiful and vivid, full of interest, and quite valuable for historical reference.