Dynasty: Tang Dynasty | Author: Linghu Chu
Original text:
A few border States are used to being wild, riding wild horses and shooting antelopes.
Now old and frail, I still count geese by the camp gate.
If you live in the five cities of Qinghe, you have to become famous with bows and arrows.
Waiting to fly to the plain in autumn, trying to shoot Leng Yun alone.
Gongming sword frost, autumn wind out of Xianyang.
I don't want to look back at my hometown until I receive the land of the Yellow River.
First frost fills the atrium building, and the golden vase and jade column are opposite to the clear autumn.
At that time, I said I would eat, drink and be merry, and I refused to rest until dawn.
Translation and annotation
translate
At noon in the border town,
Qi rode a wild horse and shot an antelope with an arrow.
I am old and weak now,
Count the geese at the gate of the military camp.
Five cities in Qinghe county used to be my home.
Winning fame depends on good archery.
Yuan Qiu's flight should be meddling,
The treasure carving bow radiates into the cold air alone.
Bows and arrows are bathed in sunshine, and swords are frosted.
The sword rises in the autumn wind, and the horse flies out of Xianyang.
The national angle is still falling, and the son of heaven does not accept Hehuang.
This situation will not change, and I don't want to look back at my hometown.
The yard is covered with frost, and the moon has passed the building.
Lean on the jade column and enjoy the scenery in late autumn.
The meaning of that year was only a moment of happiness,
I'll drink until dawn.
To annotate ...
(1) border state: a city near the border. Generally refers to the border areas.
⑵ Riding a horse: ch m n Riding a horse without saddle. Fanma: Western Regions. Antelope: a kind of wild sheep with yellow abdomen, hence its name, which was produced in Guanyou area in ancient times.
(3) Camp gate: the gate of the military camp.
⑷ Qinghe: County name, Han family, governs Qinghe and Zaoqiang in Hebei Province and Qingping, Gaotang, Linqing and Wucheng counties in Shandong Province. Five cities: place names. Bow and arrow: This refers to archery and martial arts.
5. Fame: achievements and fame.
⑹ fly (kòng): fly. Cheng bit the horse's head. Akihara: Yuan Ye in autumn.
Once Xianyang, Qin Dou, here refers to Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty.
(8) Huguangdi: refers to the land of Hexi and Longyou. River, Huangshui; Hehuang refers to the Huangshui River basin and the area where Huangshui flows into the Yellow River, which refers to Hexi and Longyou areas occupied by Tubo at that time. Plan: Plan.
⑼ gold bottle: that is, gold bottle, the laudatory name of wine glass. Yuzhu: the laudatory name of stone pillar.
References:
1, Shang, et al. Translation and Interpretation of Late Tang Poetry: Heilongjiang People's Publishing House, 1987: 1-52, Chinese Department of Jilin University. Appreciation of Tang Poetry (9): Jilin University Press, 2009: 40-423, Yan Jie. Appreciation of Late Tang Poetry: Phoenix Publishing House, 2000.
Distinguish and appreciate
The first two sentences of the first poem are the poet's memories. The poet described his life in the border town when he was young with nostalgia. The life of "riding a wild horse and shooting an antelope" is really nostalgic, and the word "wild" shows the poet's appreciation of this life. At this time, the poet was old and weak. The more I get to this point, the more I miss my youth, so my feelings will be full when I write. The last two sentences of the poem express the poet's present situation and state of mind. The poet is now "old and weak", but he still leans against the camp gate to "count the geese" and still wants to shoot down the geese flying in rows and try his harsh methods and strength. There are many spirits in the heritage, such as "an old horse is willing to work hard, aiming at a thousand miles" and "a martyr is brave in his later years". A kind of "old" but not old, "not strong" but strong psychology is vividly written.
The language of this poem is popular and fluent, without uncommon words and esoteric allusions. Instead, I said that I entered the poem and wrote my youth, my present life and my present state of mind in spoken English, while the phrase "counting geese" was implicit and profound, and the meaning was beyond words.
In the second poem, the poet first introduces his birthplace. In the first poem, four of the seven words are place names, and the poet separates "Ben" and "Ju" which belong to the same phrase, so as to match them with place names and arrange them skillfully. In the second sentence, I need to be proficient in archery and martial arts to win fame, but now I have won fame, of course, I am proficient in archery and martial arts. In this way, it is better to say that you are proficient in archery and martial arts. The last two sentences of this poem describe the frontier life of riding horses in Yuan Qiu and shooting in cold air. Flying to Xiang Qiu was originally very heroic, but the poet said it was a matter of "leisure", which shows that this kind of life is frequent and points out the heroism of a poet. The words "independence" and "attempt" in the last sentence appropriately and humorously show the poet's independence and grandeur. The word "sound" shows that the poet played a whistling arrow, adding acoustic color to this poem. Poetry shapes the poet's self-image in many ways. Outstanding image, beautiful language and strong generalization are the remarkable characteristics of this poem.
The third poem is full of patriotic enthusiasm and expresses the poet's great ambition to serve the country with his own body. The first two sentences of this poem strongly exaggerate the heroic spirit of the poet when he was young. Bows and arrows shine in the morning glow, swords shine with frost, and in the chilly autumn wind, poets gallop out of Beijing and go to the battlefield to serve the motherland; Here, the poet's self-image is distinct, and his lofty sentiments and ambitions of serving the country are fully displayed. In the last two sentences of this poem, the author expressed his determination in the language of the poem, saying that as long as the river-chasing area of the country has not been recovered, he is not going to look back at his hometown. This is a step further than what Huo Qubing said in the Han Dynasty, "How can a slave be at home when he is still alive" (see Historical Records and Biography of General Wei).
This poem describes first, then expresses feelings, and the two are closely combined. The poet concentrated on the images of bow carving, sword carving, night light, autumn wind and horse riding, which highlighted the poet's self-image and filled the description with the poet's enthusiasm for serving the country. When expressing his feelings, the poet seized the regret of losing his land and stated his determination to take the country as his home and the home first. The language of this poem is concise, vivid and rhythmic.
The fourth poem seems to have nothing to do with the first three. In fact, this poem is inseparable from the first three poems. This poem is the author's drinking in his old age and reminiscing about the past. The first sentence points out the environment first: It's a morning in first frost, and the moon has passed the small building. This plays up a sad atmosphere. In the Tang Dynasty, there was not much time to write poems in the morning. It can be said that the author's writing about the morning here is very novel. Then the writer leans against the pillar to see the scenery in late autumn. Here, he takes care of the front, and only in late autumn will it frost. The last two sentences express my feelings. The meaning and happiness of the past are long gone, and poets can only drink until dawn.
References:
1, Shang, et al. Translation and Interpretation of Late Tang Poetry: Heilongjiang People's Publishing House, 1987: 1-52, Chinese Department of Jilin University. Appreciation of Tang Poetry (9): Jilin University Press, 2009: 40-423, Yan Jie. Appreciation of Late Tang Poetry: Phoenix Publishing House, 2000.
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