In fact, this surname basically disappeared in the Han Dynasty.
Half a century ago, there were many Xiao's, but few Xiao's. After the promulgation of the First List of Variant Characters and the Simplified Scheme of Chinese Characters, many people think that Xiao is a variant of Xiao, or that Xiao is a simplified character of Xiao. Therefore, many people with the surname "Xiao" write "Xiao" for simplicity; The staff of some departments often write Xiao as Xiao when they go through the formalities of identity card, household registration and admission for people surnamed Xiao. Therefore, in recent decades, the surname Xiao has increased.
Xiao is the 30th most popular surname in China, with a large population, accounting for about 0.6% of the Han population in China.
Trace the source
1, according to Yuan He's compilation, Tongzhi clan slips, ancient and modern surname books and other related materials, is a descendant of Song Guowei in Zhou Dynasty.
2. According to the relevant data, Boyi, the leader of the ancient tribes who won the surname, became a scholar in Xiao Zhong, so he took Xiao as his surname, and later generations adopted Xiao.
3. According to the genealogy of the Tongzhi family, the dictionary of surnames, and the dialectical analysis of ancient and modern surnames books, people of ethnic minorities changed their surnames or were given surnames, so they got the Xiao family. Bali in Han Dynasty, Yizu Jile, Shulu surnamed Xiao, and Qidan Bali, Yizu Jile, renamed Xiao in Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Get a surname ancestor
Broad-minded. Xiao was originally a son's surname. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a state-owned general named Nangong Changwan in the Song Dynasty. When attacking Lu, he was defeated and captured and imprisoned in the harem. He didn't return to Song for several months. To this end, Song Mingong made fun of him many times. Chang Wan became angry from being touched, and once killed Gong Min in a drunken state. From then on, he rebelled openly and set up another son to swim as a monarch. Song Guoqun's sons fled to Xiao Yi (now northwest of Xiaoxian County). Later, Wei Zi of Song Dynasty killed Changwan of Nangong, put down the rebellion, and helped Gong Min's younger brother, Yu Shuo, to be an army with high heart rate composed of royal disciples and followers after Song Huangong succeeded to the throne. Duke Huan of Song sealed the big heart in Xiao, thinking it was a vassal, and established Xiao, calling it Xiao Jun and Xiao Shu Da Xin. In 597 BC, Xiao was destroyed by Chu, and later people took the country as their surname and called it Xiao. Daxin was revered as the ancestor of Shaw by later generations.
Reproduction and migration
Shaw originated in today's Shandong Province. In the pre-Qin period, Xiao people were separated from their families because of the country, and their families were weak. During the Qin and Han dynasties, social unrest forced Xiao to move out and enter the first development and migration period. After a long-term relocation, Xiao's family multiplied from the original settlement to the surrounding areas, and celebrities came forth in large numbers. Xiao He in Han Dynasty is a typical representative. In his early years, he assisted Liu Bang's uprising. After capturing Xianyang, he paid attention to collecting a large number of materials such as Qin decrees, county records and social conditions. He made great contributions to the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty and helped Liu Bang eliminate the princes with different surnames. His descendants were also officials in the Han Dynasty, all of whom were senior officials. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties in the Three Kingdoms, wars were frequent. Coupled with the "Yongjia Rebellion" in the Jin Dynasty, the gentry moved south and the Xiao people moved south, which further developed the family. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Xiao became famous in the world and Qi Liang was established, which made Xiao's development enter its heyday. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the society was relatively stable and the economy was prosperous. On the one hand, people surnamed Xiao are all over the world, and on the other hand, because of the emergence of new elements, that is, the family, a Qidan nationality living in the north and northeast of China, has become a huge aristocratic family. During this period, Xiao also traveled to Fujian and Guangdong. So far, before the Tang and Song Dynasties, Xiao had been widely distributed in Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Guangdong and other places. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Xiao Nan moved to Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Hubei and other provinces, and celebrities came forth in large numbers. Since the last years of Qing Emperor Kangxi, the Xiao clan has moved to Taiwan Province Province many times, and some of them have also been scattered overseas, making the Xiao family truly spread all over the country. Today, Shore is widely distributed in China, especially in Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Hubei, Shandong, Guangdong and other provinces. Xiao in six provinces accounts for about 69% of the surname population in Han Xiao, China.
Wang Jun Tang Hao
In the long process of reproduction, Xiao has formed several counties. According to the textual research of surnames, there are mainly three: 1, Lanling County, which governs Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province; 2, Guangling County, governing Yangzhou, Jiangsu today. 3. Henan County governs the northeast of Luoyang City, Henan Province.
Clan characteristics
1, Xiao family occupies a prominent position in family history, and there are many royal families. The Xiao family has produced eleven emperors and many royal relatives.
2. Xiao pays attention to culture in history, and literati can be good at poetry and painting. For example, Xiao, the ten prime ministers in the Tang and Song Dynasties, were all great writers, and there were also many family poets and painters.
3. Xiao surname is suitable for multi-couplets, which has very distinct characteristics of the times and family.
Second, what is the origin of Xiao? First, Xiao was originally from his son's surname. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a state-owned general named Nangong Changwan in the Song Dynasty. When attacking Lu, he was defeated and captured and imprisoned in the harem. He didn't return to Song for several months. Song Mingong made fun of him for this, and Chang Wan was angry because he was moved. He once killed Gong Min in a drunken rage, and then openly rebelled and set up another childe to swim as a monarch. Song Guoqun's sons fled to Xiao Yi (now northwest of Xiaoxian County). Later, Wei Zi of Song Dynasty killed Changwan of Nangong, put down the rebellion, and helped Gong Min's younger brother, Yu Shuo, to be an army with high heart rate composed of royal disciples and followers after Song Huangong succeeded to the throne. Duke Huan of Song sealed the big heart in Xiao, thinking it was a vassal, and established Xiao, calling it Xiao Jun and Xiao Shu Da Xin. In 597 BC, Xiao was destroyed by Chu, and later people took the country as their surname and called it Xiao. Daxin was revered as the ancestor of Shaw by later generations.
For the first statement, there is such a vivid description: during the Spring and Autumn Period, Nangong Changwan, a general of the Song State, was captured when he attacked Lu State. Duke Zhuang of Lu imprisoned him in the harem and put him back in Song State a few months later. One autumn day in 682 BC, Song Xianggong and Nangong Chang played in the harem (an ancient gambling game), and Xiang Gong's favorite concubine also watched. Chang Wan looked at them and said, "The beauties in Lu Palace are still very beautiful. Nothing is happier than being a lujun! " Gong Min has always been proud of the beauty of these concubines. He was very unhappy, so he laughed at Chang Wan and said, "How can a prisoner like you know beauty?" This touched the sore spot of Nangong Changwan. He immediately became angry from embarrassment and killed Gong Min with one punch. Then he killed the doctor Qiu Mu and Hua Du, and set up another childe to swim as the monarch. Song's sons fled to (now Xiaoxian County, Anhui Province). Dr Xiao Yi, a descendant of Wei, the ancestor of the Song Dynasty, was named Daxin. He assembled these sons and their followers to form an army, and then invited reinforcements to Cao, killing Nangong Changwan and his companions one by one, thus quelling the civil strife. After Gong Min's younger brother, Duke Huan of Song, succeeded to the throne, he sealed the big heart in Xiao as a vassal state, which was called Xiao Shu. Later, it was destroyed by Chu, and Daxin's descendants were named Xiao.
Statement 2: In ancient times, Bo, the tribal leader who won the surname, became a scholar in Xiao, so he took Xiao as his surname and called Xiao Mengkui. Later, he changed his surname to Xiao.
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Third, the origin of Xiao's family Xiao is an ancient surname. After Wei Zi of the Song State in the Zhou Dynasty, Uncle Le made meritorious deeds and was sealed in Xiao (his hometown was in the northwest of Xiaoxian County, Anhui Province). He was a vassal state of the Song Dynasty and was destroyed by the State of Chu in 597 BC. Later generations took the country as their surname, followed by Xiao He, the founder of the Western Han Dynasty. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the history of China entered the Southern and Northern Dynasties. There were four dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, namely Song Qi Liang Chen. Both Qi and Liang Dynasties were founded by Xiao. Xiao Daocheng, the founder of the Qi Dynasty; Xiao Yan, the founding emperor of Liang Dynasty.
The other school Xiao is a descendant of Qidan. The Khitans established the Liao State in the north of China. Zhang Shu, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, wrote in Tracing the Origin of Surnames: "Liao has no surnames, and he admires Xiao He because of his surnames.".
Xiao has three counties: Henan County (now Luoyang City, Henan Province), Lanling County (so the address is now Wuli, Yixian County, Shandong Province) and Guangling County (now Jiangdu County, Jiangsu Province). Hakka Xiao mostly belongs to Henan County and is a descendant of Xiao He.
The surname "Xiao" cannot be written as "Xiao". As a surname, there is only "Xiao" surname and no "Xiao" surname. It is inappropriate for some people to write "Xiao" as "Xiao" when writing their surnames.
Who can tell me the origin of Xiao's surname? Be careful when you are in a hurry. In fact, Xiao's family was basically extinct in the Han Dynasty. Half a century ago, there were many Xiao's, but few Xiao's.
After the promulgation of the First List of Variant Characters and the Simplified Scheme of Chinese Characters, many people think that Xiao is a variant of Xiao, or that Xiao is a simplified character of Xiao. Therefore, many people with the surname "Xiao" write "Xiao" for simplicity; The staff of some departments often write Xiao as Xiao when they go through the formalities of identity card, household registration and admission for people surnamed Xiao.
Therefore, in recent decades, the surname Xiao has increased. After the founding of New China, * * * popularized simplified characters and changed "Xiao" to "Xiao". Millions of people surnamed Xiao were all changed to Xiao, including Yang, the dean of the Supreme People's Court.
Thanks to "China Xiao Clan Association", * * * agreed to reply to Xiao. At present, two citizens surnamed Xiao in Xiamen, Fujian Province have obtained new ID cards. In history, there was a small country called Xiao, which was a vassal state of Song in the Spring and Autumn Period. There were two small dynasties in the Southern Dynasty, the emperor surnamed Xiao and Qi; Xiao in Tang Dynasty and Xiao Dezao in Song Dynasty were all famous historians of Xiao literature, and Xiao family scholars in Southern Dynasties also made great achievements.
Most people think that "Xiao" is a simplified word for "Xiao", but there is no such thing. There is no "small" abbreviated as "small" in the simplified Chinese word list published by the state, that is, "small" cannot be abbreviated as "small".
The author treasured a personal letter from Mr. Shang Chengzuo, a famous philologist. There is neither a traditional Chinese character nor an irregular simplified Chinese character throughout. The possible basis for using Xiao is Xinhua Dictionary: "Xiao (surname) is commonly known as Xiao.
Compared with Xiao's custom, Xiao is really elegant. Kong Zhi's "Wen Yi in the North Mountain": "The husband uses Geng Jie as the standard to pull out the customs, and he sprinkles the dust."
Cui Jiao's poem "Seeing the Maid Off" said: "Once in Houmen Sea, Xiao Lang is a passer-by", and "Xiao Lang" generally refers to the man a woman loves. Similarly, "little Niang" can be compared to a woman. Zhou Bangyan's "Night Tour Palace" says: "Whoever has a cloud, for Xiao Niang, a book is a piece of paper."
China law stipulates that citizens have the right to use their own names. Radish and vegetables have their own tastes. Originally, Xiao and Xiao could suit both tastes, but the reality is that they can't be used.
I remember that Mr. Xiao Yu from the Ministry of National Machinery went to Germany to negotiate with the author and decided to go to Macau temporarily. When the Foreign Affairs Office issued the exit certificate, I doubted that all the forms I filled out were "small" and checked Xiaoyu's passport in time. The Foreign Affairs Office is afraid that we will get into trouble when going abroad. With experience, this possibility will exist.
Why do you say "Xiao" is "Xiao" In fact, the history of "Xiao" and "Xiao" confusion is not very long so far. I didn't find it in Zhongshan when I was a child. It was only after the Cultural Revolution that "Xiao" became more and more popular.
Now there are so many people named Xiao in the phone book that the word "Xiao" is simply "leaving none" on some occasions. The reason is that misunderstanding from outside is a factor. In the final analysis, it is still Xiao's own business.
The verb (abbreviation of verb) Xiao's origin "Xiao" and "Xiao" were originally two unrelated surnames.
In ancient times, Xiao's family was extremely rare, and it was rarely seen in historical books. Even Xiao's family has never been seen among the hundreds of surnames in the Song Dynasty and thousands of surnames in the Ming Dynasty. It was only in Ling Dizhi's Genealogy of Ancient and Modern Surnames that Xiao appeared for the first time, including Xiao Anguo and Xiao Shao in Han Dynasty. Xiao Jing in Ming Dynasty, Xie Yuan in Chongde period, and so on. Among the twenty-four histories, only the Liao and Yuan histories mentioned Xiao people, all of whom were ethnic minorities.
As for the origin of the surname "Xiao", there is no textual research. A piece of information provided by netizen Yan Huang is very valuable. Chen Jian mentioned "Twenty-seven years of Liang" in "Two Bronzes of Warring States" and carved a line of twenty crosses: "In twenty or seven years of Liang, Liang Xiao (Zhao) died (without wisdom), which was half capacity. Shimonoseki . . As a country name and surname,' Zhao' is often written as' Xiao' in the ancient materials of China. . . )。 "
In addition, it has been speculated that some "Xiao" families came from the family with the original surname "Xiao" and were later demoted for committing crimes. It is also possible. In ancient China, there was a practice of taking off the original surname and belittling it to punish sinners. Xiao himself gave an example in this regard. One is Xiao Ji of Nanliang. After being defeated, he thought he didn't deserve the surname Xiao, so he was named a gourmet. The other is Xiao of Nanqi, who was killed for rebellion and was given the name of Octopus (South).
Xiao and Xiao were later confused, mainly because of the simplification trend of modern Chinese characters. In fact, the word Xiao itself is a simplified word. "Xiao" was originally written as much as 16. No wonder more and more people plan to simplify the complex and turn it into Xiao. (Part of the data comes from Xiao's "China Surname Spectrum")