Original text of Stone Drum Song:
Zhang Sheng held the Stone Drum Song in his hand and advised me to try to compose Stone Drum Song. No one in Shaoling banished the immortals to death, so the talented generals were helpless. After Zhou Gang's death, the whole world was in a state of uproar, and King Xuan became angry and launched a sword. The Great Kai Ming Hall receives congratulations from the court, and the swords of the princes are grinding against one another. Searching for Qiyang, the heroes are galloping, and all the beasts and beasts from thousands of miles away are covered. The success of the work is engraved to tell the world, and the stone is chiselled to make a drum. The talent of my subordinates is the best, and I chose to write and engrave it to stay in the mountains. The rain is drenched in the sun, the moxibustion is burning, the wild fire is burning, and the ghosts are guarding you? Haha. Where did the public get the paper? It is completely prepared and correct. The words are strict and the meaning is difficult to read, and the font is not similar to Li and Ta. As he gets older, there will inevitably be a shortage of paintings, and when he cuts them off with a quick sword, he will grow a dragon. The luan flies, the phoenix and the immortals descend, and the coral and green trees intersect with each other. The golden ropes and iron locks are strong, and the ancient tripod leaps through the water and the dragon flies. The humble Confucian has no income from compiling poems, and the elegant scholar has no choice but to make a fool of himself. Confucius traveled to the west and could not reach Qin, so he took Xi'e with him. I lamented that I had lived through such hardships in the past, and I burst into tears over this. Recalling the early days of Dr. Meng's expedition in the past, it was renamed Yuanhe. My old friend joined the army in Youfu and helped me measure and dig the mortar. Wearing crowns, bathing, and offering wine as sacrifices. How many treasures can there be? Wrapped in felt and mats, it can stand upright, and ten drums can only carry several camels. It is recommended that the price of Zhu Tai Temple is more than a hundred times higher than that of Gao Ding. If the saint's grace allows him to study in Taipei, students can learn from each other's explanations. After reading the sutra, the capital is still stuffed with food, and I can see the whole country running around. Cut out the moss and expose the corners, and place it properly and evenly. The building's deep eaves and cladding have endured for a long time. The high-ranking officials in China and North Korea are old at doing things, and they are grateful to Tu Jiewei. The shepherd boy knocks the horn of the fire-burning ox, and who caresss it with his hands? When the sun is gone and the moon is shining, it is buried, and for six years the west is empty. Xi Zhi's popular calligraphy is charming, and he can win a white goose by counting the pieces of paper. After the wars of the Zhou and Eight Dynasties, no one took care of Li Zena. Nowadays, there is nothing to do in peace, and I am in charge of Confucianism and worship Qiu Ke. An Neng can use this to discuss the situation, and is willing to use it to argue like a river. The song of Shigu stops here, and I feel that it was wasted time. Translation and annotation of Stone Drum Song
Translation Zhang Sheng held a rubbing of Zhou Dynasty stone drum inscriptions and persuaded me to write a stone drum song praising it. Du Fu and Li Bai were extremely talented, but they all passed away. People with meager talents had no choice but to face Shigu. The political decline of the Zhou Dynasty led to turmoil throughout the country, and King Xuan of Zhou became angry and raised his troops to wield the Tiange. During the celebration, the grand hall was opened to receive congratulations, and princes came one after another to jingle and polish their swords. How handsome King Xuan is when he is hunting in the fields and galloping across Qiyang. All the beasts in the four directions have no place to hide and are all caught. In order to make the heroic deeds famous for generations, they carved rocks and carved stone drums to destroy the high mountains. The talents of the ministers who followed him were all the best in the world, and he selected outstanding writings and engraved stones to place on the hillside. No matter how many years of rain, sunshine and wildfires burn, the stone drum will never be destroyed with the help of ghosts and gods. Where did you get the manuscript for this rubbing? Everything is perfect and without any mistakes. The language is rigorous, the content is mysterious and difficult to understand, and the font is not as unique as official script. Over time, the strokes are inevitably damaged and incomplete, still like a sword cutting off a living dragon. The handwriting is like a flying luan and phoenix flying among the immortals, and the strokes are like the interlacing of coral and green branches. The vigorous hooks are like golden ropes and iron ropes passing through lock buttons, and they are like weaving shuttles that turn into dragons and nine tripods sink. It is seen that Confucian scholars compiled the Book of Songs but did not include it. The contents of Da Ya and Xiao Ya are narrow but not grand. It’s no wonder that Sun Tzu is ignorant when he travels around and hasn’t reached the land of Qin. His failure to pick up poems is like picking up stars but missing Xi’e. Ah, although I am very old-fashioned, I suffered from the fact that I was born too late. I cried in front of the stone drum inscriptions with tears streaming down my face. I remember when I was called to be a doctor of the Imperial College, it was the first year of the Chinese Era and was known as Yuanhe. My friend works in Fengxiang Mansion and once designed and excavated stone drum pits for me. I brushed my hat, took a bath, and reported to the Imperial Academy: "How many such precious cultural relics can be saved in the world? It can be transported immediately by wrapping it in felts and mats, and ten stone drums only require a few camels. When I presented it to the Ancestral Temple, I compared it to a cultural relic. Ding, is it worth a hundred times as much as Gao Ding? If the Emperor's grace allows him to stay in Taixue, students can study and explain it together. In the Han Dynasty, Hongdu Gate was still crowded, and the whole country would be seen. This rush. The moss and dust were removed to reveal the edges of the text, and the high-rise buildings were covered with deep eaves and thick tiles to protect them from accidental damage." They are all sophisticated, but they have no independent opinions and are willing to work hard? The shepherd boy beats the fire cow on the drum and uses it to sharpen its horn. Who can touch this treasure with his hands again? Years of weathering and destruction will be buried. For six years, I have looked westward and sighed in vain! Wang Xizhi's calligraphy took advantage of the opportunity to show his beauty, and he could exchange for a flock of white geese if he wrote a few pictures. The eight generations of war following the Zhou Dynasty have ended. So far, no one has sorted it out, so what can be done? Nowadays, the world is at peace, the country is peaceful and the people are safe, and the emperor attaches great importance to Confucianism and respects Confucius and Mencius. How can I suggest this matter to the emperor? I am willing to use the eloquence of an eloquent person. This is the end of Shiguge. My wishes will probably be in vain!
Notes 1. Zhang Sheng: According to "The Complete Poems of the Tang Dynasty" reads "Birth is the birthplace", it can be seen that this refers to Zhang Ji. Stone Drum Text: This refers to the text rubbed from the stone drum. 2. Shaoling: refers to Du Fu. Exiled Immortal: Refers to Li Bai. 3. Poor talent: It means that one's talent is weak and he cannot have the poetry of Du Fu and Li Bai. "Jiannai Shigu He": How can a person with weak talents like me be able to compose this stone drum song well? 4. Zhou Gang; the Zhou Dynasty’s laws and regulations, that is, the political order. Lingchi: Decline, decline. The world is boiling: Refers to the unrest in the world. 5. King Xuan: King Xuan of Zhou, whose surname is Ji and whose name is Jing, is the son of King Zhou Li. In the old days, he was considered the leader of the resurgence of the Zhou Dynasty. Huitiange: refers to King Xuan of Zhou's use of troops against Huaiyi, Xirong, Xun, etc. 6. Mingtang: The place where the emperor promulgated politics and religion, met with the princes, and held sacrifices. 7. The swords ring and grind against each other: It refers to the fact that there are so many princes coming to congratulate the emperor, that the swords worn by each other rub against each other and make a sound. 8. sōu: hunting in spring. Qiyang: refers to the south of Qishan. Shannan is Yang.
Search in Qiyang: It is said that King Zhou Xuan hunted in the south of Qishan in one spring. 9. Jialuo: stop and arrest. This sentence means that all the animals in the vast hunting ground will be stopped. 10. Juān: refers to engraving one’s merits on a stone drum. Both "engraving" and "le" mean engraving. Cheng, achievement, is synonymous with "gong". Tell all generations: that is, tell future generations to all generations. 11.隳(huī): Destroy. Cuoe; the appearance of a steep mountain. This refers to mountains. This sentence means that in order to make stone drums, rocks were cut into the mountains. 12. Officials: Refers to the officials who followed King Xuan of Zhou. Xian No. 1: They are all first class. 13. Writing and engraving: refers to writing and carving words on stone drums. Shan ah: refers to mountains in general. 14. Sun moxibustion (jiǔ): sun exposure. 15. Annoying: tired. ? (huī): Same as "wave". Ha: Shout. The last two sentences mean that this stone drum has withstood long-term exposure to the sun, rain, and wildfires, and yet it is so safe and sound; that is the protection of the ghosts and gods who prevent them from being harmed. 16. Gong: Zhang Sheng, refers to Zhang Ji. Paper: Refers to the text rubbings from stone drums. 17. Corruption: Error. This sentence means that the printed text is extremely complete without any errors. 18. Strict words and precise meanings: refers to the solemn words and precise meanings of the rubbings. 19. Not similar: unlike. Li: Official script, an ancient writing script. Tadpole: tadpole script, the writing used in Zhou Dynasty. Because of its big head and small tail, it looks like tadpole script. The text of Shiguwen should be Zhouwen, that is, large seal script. 20. Missing paintings: It means that due to the passage of time, it is inevitable that the writing on the stone drum will be missed by the guide pen. 21. Jiao: Jiaolong is a miraculous animal in ancient legends. Tuo (tuo): Tuolong, commonly known as Zhupolong, is a type of crocodile. The Jiaoyu here is Jiaolong. Because of the rhyme, the dragon was changed to Jiaolong. This sentence means that the places where the guide's pen missed the mark on the stone drum inscriptions are like cutting off a living dragon with a sharp sword. This is a vivid and powerful description of the physical momentum of ancient writing. 22. Xiang and Zhu (zhu): both mean flying. 23. Coral tree: Because coral is shaped like a branch, it is called coral tree. The last two sentences mean that the words on the stone drum are like immortals flying down on Luanfeng, and they are like the branches of coral and green trees. These are the best way to describe Shiguwen's flying posture and brilliant writing style. 24. Golden rope and iron rope: It is a metaphor that the writing style of Shiguwen is as powerful as a golden rope and iron rope. Lock button: It is a metaphor for the structure of the stone drum inscriptions being connected like a lock button. 25. Ancient tripod jumping into the water: According to legend, the nine tripods of the forty-two houses of King Xian of Zhou Dynasty were submerged in the four rivers. During the Qin Shihuang period, people could not enter the water. Dragon shuttle: "Book of Jin·Biography of Tao Kan": "When Kan was young, he was fishing in Lei Ze, and got a shuttle in his net to hang on the wall. For a while, the thunderstorm turned into a dragon and flew away." This sentence describes the unpredictable changes in the stone drum writing style. . 26. Poor Confucians: Confucian scholars with short knowledge, referring to those who compiled poems based on styles at that time. Poetry: refers to the Book of Songs. 27. Erya: refers to "Daya" and "Xiaoya" in "The Book of Songs". 褊 (biǎn) forced: cramped. Weishe (wēituo): Tolerant and calm. This sentence means that Erya did not include Shiguwen because of the short-sightedness of the compiler of poems at that time. 28. Qin: The State of Qin, the area around present-day Shaanxi, where Shigu is located. The stone drum was unearthed in Sanqiyuan, Tianxing (now Baoji City, Shaanxi Province) in the early Tang Dynasty. 29.掎掭(jǐzhi): take. Lost: lost. Xi: Xihe, the person who drives for the sun, here refers to the sun. Chang'e: Chang'e, here refers to the moon. The last two sentences mean that Confucius never visited Qin during his journey to the west, so he compiled poems without including the Stone Drum Inscriptions. It was like picking up stars but waiting for the sun and moon. 30. Love ancient times: Love ancient culture. Suffering from being born too late: suffering from being born too late. 31. This; refers to the stone drum text. Shuangpangtuo: refers to tears and nasal mucus flowing out together. It means it makes people feel infinitely sad and burst into tears. 32. Meng: suffer. Doctor: official name. In the Tang Dynasty, there were doctors from Taixue and Guozi, who were also professors. 33. The year: That year was the first year of Yuanhe (806) when Han Yu joined the army from Jiangling and was recalled to Chang'an to serve as a doctor of the Imperial College. 34. Old friend: unknown. Joining the army in Youfu: "Sanfu Huangtu": "In the first year of Taichu (104 BC), the west of Weicheng belonged to Youfufeng, the east of Chang'an belonged to Jingzhaoyin, and the north of Changling belonged to Zuo Fengyi to assist the capital. It was called The third assistant. "Youfu, that is, You Fufeng, is Fengxiang Mansion. Han Yu's old friend worked for Fengxiang Jiedu Mansion, so he said that "the right assistant is in the army". 35. Degree (duo) quantity: plan. Dig: Dig. Ji Ke: pit, refers to the place where stone drums are placed. 36. Zhuoguan: wash the hat, Mu: wash the hair. Bath: take a bath. This all means showing sincerity. Sacrificial wine: official name. In the Tang Dynasty, he was the officer in charge of the Imperial College. 37. So: Like this. Treasure: an extremely valuable treasure. 38. Two sentences about "felt bag": It means that ten stone drums only need a few camels to carry them. 39. Recommendation: contribution. Zhu: It is the homophony of the two words "zhiyu" and has the same meaning. Ancestral Temple: Royal ancestral hall. Gao (gao) tripod: a tripod made by the state of Gao. "Zuo Zhuan·Huan Gong's Second Year"; "In April, the Gao Ding was taken from the Song Dynasty, Wushen, and kept in the Ancestral Temple." The Gao Kingdom was located in Chengwu County, Shandong Province today. 40. Light price: glorious voice price. The last two sentences mean that if the stone drum is recommended to the Imperial Ancestral Temple and Gaoding, the price will be more than a hundred times higher. 41. Holy grace: Imperial grace. Taixue: refers to the Imperial College. 42. Zhusheng: refers to students who are studying in Taixue. Discussion: refers to the study of knowledge, here it refers to the study of stone drums. 43. Guanjing Hongdu: In the first year of Guanghe (178), Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, he established a bachelor's degree in Hongmen. Hongdu Gate is the place where books are collected. In the fourth year of Xiping (175), Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, Cai Yong asked for the text of the Six Classics to be corrected, and he carved a stone tablet and erected it outside the gate of Taixue, which is the Xiping Stone Classic.
From then on, many people came to watch and copy every day, which was very crowded and blocked the streets. Fill the throat (ye): blockage, describing crowding. 44. Sitting: About to. Zhijian: About to see. 45. Gouge (wān): dig with a knife. Cull: to eliminate. Knot angle refers to the edges and corners of stone drum characters. 46. ??Place it properly: place it properly. Bupo (pō): not slanted. 47. Eaves: eaves. Deep eaves also means "building". Cover: cover. 48. Period without Tuo (tuo): I hope the stone drum is not damaged in any way. Wu Tuo is the same as "without him". 49. Zhongchao: In the middle of the dynasty, in the court. Lao Yushi: Actually refers to being sophisticated, which means procrastination and conservativeness in doing things. 50. Yes: No. Gratitude; moved and inspired. Disciple: Only. 媕婀(ān』ē): meaning having no opinion. 51. Knocking on fire: It refers to the ignorant shepherd boy who will explode sparks when he hits the stone drum casually, which will damage the stone drum. Grind; rub. 52. Hand: Same as "hand", that is, use your hands. Momo (suō): often refers to the caressing of cultural relics and antiques, expressing the meaning of cherishing. 53. Pin: Molten metal. Shuo (shuo): refers to the melting of metal. Just: tend to, return to. 54. Six years: that is, the sixth year of Yuanhe (811 years). Xigu: Refers to Qiyang, where Shigu is located. Qiyang is to the south of Qishan Mountain, and the mountain is to the west of Chang'an and Luoyang, so it is called "Xigu". Empty Yin Oh: It means wasting effort in vain. 55. Xizhi: Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher. Popular books: Shen Deqian's "Tang Shi Bie Cai": "The customs of official scripts are popular and different from ancient seal scripts. Therefore, it is said that popular books are not meant to disparage the right army." It is believed that popular books are the customs of the times for ancient books, not slang. Vulgar, not derogatory. But judging from Han Yu's great admiration for Shigu calligraphy, Wang Xizhi's calligraphy would naturally be considered vulgar and derogatory by him. Take advantage of the posture: Pursue a soft and charming posture. 56. Bo Bai Goose: Change to white goose. According to the "Book of Jin·Biography of Wang Xizhi", he liked geese very much and once used "several pieces of paper" to exchange the "Tao Te Ching" written by him in exchange for the geese of the mountain warriors. 57. Eight Dynasties; refers to unknown dynasties, generally refers to the dynasties after Qin and Han Dynasties. One is said to be the Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Yuan, Wei, Qi, Zhou, and Sui; the other is the Eastern Han, Wei, Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, Chen, and Sui. 58. To tidy up; to collect the scattered things. This means collecting stone drums and preserving them. Then that (nuo): So what. 59. Authority: authority. appointment. Biren Confucianism means to reuse Confucian scholars. Chongqiu Ke: respect Confucius and Meng Ke. 60. Discussion: discussion, suggestion. 61. Xuanhe: A metaphor for eloquence, that is, good at rhetoric. "Book of Jin: Biography of Guo Xiang": "Taiwei Wang Yanmei said that listening to Xiang's language (speaking) is like water pouring from a hanging river, pouring in and out." 62. Stop here: end here. 63. Its: will. Wasted time: originally refers to wasted years, here it is interpreted as frustrated, that is, wasted effort. It has the same meaning as the "empty chant" in the previous article and corresponds to it. Explanation of the Stone Drum Song
This poem was written in the sixth year of Yuanhe (811), expressing the poet's cherishment and protection of ancient cultural relics. The stone drum inscriptions written in the poem are the earliest stone inscriptions in my country and are precious ancient cultural relics in our country. With his unique sensitivity as a writer and historian, the poet saw its important significance in the study of ancient Chinese literature and history, and campaigned for the imperial court to pay attention to it. The poem also ruthlessly mocked the important officials and "confucian scholars" in the court. Judging from his poems, whether they are praising or satirizing, their purpose is only to emphasize the importance of preserving and studying stone drums and stone drum inscriptions, believing that they are rare "treasures" that should be transported back from the wilderness and kept in Taixue. , for "all living beings to explain and learn from each other", to protect them from the sun and rain, children beat the horns of fire and oxen, and do their best to "bury them when the sun is gone and the moon is burning." Therefore, he wrote a song and loudly appealed, hoping that the court would pay attention and the holy grace would be granted. However, it vents endless complaints. It not only satirizes "high-ranking officials of China and North Korea" and "humble Confucians", but also expresses dissatisfaction with "Confucius did not reach the Qin Dynasty when he traveled westward, and left behind the stars Xi'e." This poem mainly targets the imperial court's inability to protect such extremely precious cultural relics, and may also express a deeper emotion. When describing the beauty of Shigu calligraphy, the poet used a variety of metaphors to render it vividly and contagiously. Commentary on Stone Drum Songs
Stone Drum Songs are the earliest stone carvings in my country and were created during the Qin Dynasty. The content describes the hunting situation, and the text is written in large seal script. The Han family thought it was done during the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty. Its objects are now in the Palace Museum, Beijing.
The poet lamented the abandonment of the stone drum cultural relics and urged the authorities to protect the stone drum but failed to adopt it, so he complained loudly. The first four sentences are the general starting point. I am modest that I don't have the talent of Li Du and I dare not compose songs. The twelve lines of "Zhou Gang" trace the ancient origins of stone drums. The ten sentences of "Gong Cong" describe the characters and fonts of the stone drum inscriptions and their preservation value. The six lines of "Bad Confucianism" describe the suspicion that Confucius was careless in not including the Stone Drum Inscriptions in the Book of Songs. The eighteen sentences of "Recalling the Past" describe the discovery of the stone drum and the suggestion that it should be retained by the Imperial Academy. The ten lines of "China and North Korea" describe the authorities' failure to accept the poet's suggestions and lamented the abolition of the stone drum cultural relics. The six sentences "Fang Jin" hope that in the era of respecting Confucianism, Shigu can be moved to Taixue.
The composition is neat, the diction is rigorous, and the phonology is sonorous. Appreciation of Stone Drum Songs
Before Han Yu, Du Fu made a mention of the unearthed stone drums in "Li Chao Bafen Xiaozhuan Song". After that, although Wei Yingwu wrote a "Stone Drum Song", However, due to the lack of enthusiasm and slight literary talent, I am afraid that it is also an inferior work in "Wei Suzhou Collection". However, the line "it was written by Shi Chou, a minister of King Xuan" in his poem actually opened the door to thousands of years of litigation in which generation the drum belonged to.
When Han Yu's masterpiece came out, the "light value" of stone drums was greatly strengthened and improved in the minds of future generations. Today, more than a thousand years have passed since Han Yu composed the song. Although the ten-faced stone drum has no completed characters, it is still displayed in the Palace Museum as a first-class cultural relic. This must be attributed to Han Yu's calling power.
The first four sentences are as clear as words, pointing out the origin of writing. In these four sentences, the word "Shigu" appears three times, which seems to be plain and procrastinating, but it is not. Han Yu was the first to use text as poetry. He did not avoid the same words or styles, which was the habit of ancient prose. The word "persuade" here is very precise. It saves the poet a lot of hesitant subtext and excuses, and has the effect of one word and nine tripods. Han Yu has always been proud of "the ability of ministers to carve inscriptions on metal and stone" (Li Shangyin's "Han Stele"), but he was ashamed of his lack of talent. Therefore, it is self-evident that the stone drum inscriptions are profound and difficult to understand.
It is a section from "Zhou Gang's mausoleum is in chaos" to "Guarding by ghosts? Haha". The first ten sentences are the poet's imagination of King Zhou Xuan reviving the royal family, patrolling the sea, chasing and hunting, and inscribing his achievements on stones. Words such as "boiling", "angry", "big", "riding", "ten thousand miles" and "eternal" are used to express the magnificence and majesty of the scene. There are profound historical reasons why Han Yu inherited Wei Ying's view of the year of things. Tang Dynasty Since the Anshi Rebellion, the imperial power has been greatly weakened. The separatist vassal towns, the exclusive power of eunuchs, foreign aggression, ministers' suspicion, and the intensification of various social conflicts have caused the Li and Tang Dynasties to decline rapidly. After Xianzong ascended the throne, he adopted the policy of eradicating vassal towns and suppressing eunuchs, which gave the government signs of a renaissance. The poet saw the historical similarities, so while praising King Xuan of Zhou's talents and strategies, he naturally incorporated his own political ideals. After Xianzong pacified Liu Pi, the Jiedushi envoy of Jiannan, at the beginning of his accession to the throne, Han Yu wrote an impassioned "Poem of Yuanhe Shengde", praising the wise and decisive emperor. Therefore, this description in "Song of Stone Drums" conveys the poet's eagerness to revive the decadent order and achieve a state of governance in which he respects the king and repels the barbarians. The two sentences "The rain is drenched by the sun, the sun is scorching, and the wild fire is burning" are the key to connecting the past and the next. This is an abbreviation that condenses the disasters that Shigu has endured for thousands of years into seven characters. The poet believes that it is unimaginable that the stone drum is well preserved without the protection of ghosts and gods. For this reason alone, the stone drum itself is a rare treasure, not to mention other insignificant cultural relics. Just two strokes pave the way for the following analysis. The next fourteen sentences are dedicated to a detailed description of Shigu Wen. The profundity of the diction and the simplicity of the calligraphy made the doctor who loves the ancient times feel so moved and fascinated by the beauty. Even if it was chipped and chipped, he couldn't help but admire it. In those clumsy handwritings, the poet allowed his aesthetic consciousness to run wild: the graceful and flowing lines are mostly like dancing phoenixes and clouds; the interlocking dot paintings make people feel as if they are in the Dragon Palace Water Palace covered with corals. The vigor of the pen reminded him of the strength of the golden rope and iron rope; the flying of the pen seemed to be able to convey its charm only by using the Yu Ding to draw water and the dragon shuttle off the wall. The originally static calligraphy turned into a lively image, and he could not help but be immersed in the beauty. In transcendent enjoyment. Whether the sense of beauty is achieved or not depends on the depth of aesthetic experience. Although Han Yu has never seen "luan soaring, phoenixes and immortals descending from the sky", it is not uncommon to see hundreds of birds singing in harmony and thousands of dancing dancing in real life. Ordinary people may only be able to express it in ordinary language, but poets are good at using romantic imagination to weave ordinary scenes into a picture of treacherous clouds and waves. Regarding the Shiguwen, Han Yu was not satisfied with positive descriptions. He denounced the vulgar Confucians and deeply regretted Confucius, just to achieve the effect of lighting up the clouds and supporting the moon. Later generations did not understand this, so they criticized the use of rubber pillars, drums and harps. For example, Song Hongmai's "Rongzhai Essays" Volume 4 says: "Scribes, when writing, sometimes boast too much, although Han Wengong cannot avoid it. For example, "Song of Stone Drums" Ji Dao The story of King Xuan is so great that it goes like this: "Confucius did not reach Qin when he traveled to the west, and he brought Xi'e with him. The poor Confucian scholars compiled poems without any income." This means that the three hundred poems are like stars. This poem is like the sun and the moon. The poems written by Shigu are still there, so how can they be compared to "Ji Ri" and "Che Gong"?" But just look at the words "It's difficult to read" in Korean poems. "," we can learn from each other", we can know that what the poet said is just an artistic exaggeration. It is said that the deeper the hatred, the deeper the love, that's all. This paragraph is the essence of the whole poem because it controls image thinking and conveys rich aesthetic feelings to readers, making them deeply infected.
The last paragraph from "I'm sorry for having such a hard time in this past life" to the end. This paragraph is combined with the poet's own feelings about his life experience. It is both recollection and discussion, but more of it reveals hidden melancholy and deep regret. In literature, Han Yu took it as his own duty to "block hundreds of rivers and turn them eastward, and then turn back the waves once they have fallen" ("Jinxuejie"). In order to correct the shortcomings of the times, he advocated advocating the ancients. Therefore, he strives to praise Shiguwen, which should also be an integral part of this literary purpose. As a doctor, his "job is to expound" ("Poetry of Yuanhe Shengde"), and he regards the protection of stone drums as his due responsibility. For this reason, I asked my old friend to measure the pit and make preparations for the resettlement. I also fasted and took a bath and reported to my superiors seriously. I thought that the resettlement of the "treasure" would be a quick and easy task. However, the ruthless reality shattered his beautiful wishes-these idle men only cared about getting promoted and making money, and they were not "grateful" (excited) at all for a mere stone drum. Here, the word "老" vividly outlines the insensitive and dim look. Seeing that Shigu continues its fate of destruction due to the eclipse of the sun and the moon, the poet is really worried. Although he is currently advocating Confucianism, it is probably useless to argue with reason. At this point in the song, Han Yu couldn't help but feel discouraged and sighed.
This paragraph is written in a desolate and melancholy way, making people feel that the poet is not only lamenting the misfortune of Shigu, but also lamenting the humbleness of Han Confucianism. In order to contrast the absurdity of reality, the poet also used two allusions, which are particularly profound and powerful. The first one is Cai Yong. In the fourth year of Xiping in the Later Han Dynasty (175), Emperor Ling was dissatisfied with the chaos in the use of writing at that time. He ordered Cai Yong and Tang Xidian to have the text of the Six Classics of Zhengding carved on stone by Cai Shudan and place it in front of the gate of Hongdu every day. The streets were blocked by vehicles coming to watch. The second one is Wang Xizhi. Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty liked the twists and turns of goose necks and fell in love with them when he saw a group of geese raised by a Taoist priest. The Taoist priest asked for a copy of the Tao Te Ching and gave it to all the geese. The two kings of Cai were both saints of calligraphy, but the former was good at official script and the latter was good at regular script. These two styles of calligraphy, which started much later than Shiguwen, are still so famous. So how can they bear the neglect of Shigu by the authorities. The wonderful use of allusions has the effect of inspiring people.
This long poem has a rhyme to the end, like a long river running straight down with waves. The poems often use ringing and empty words, which are sonorous and exciting. If you chant them loudly, you will feel a vigorous breath spraying between the lines. If you use the praise of "driving momentum, like thunder and lightning, to hold up the boundaries of heaven and earth" (Xin Wenfang's "Tang Talents·Han Yu") to evaluate this song, you will naturally feel that the reputation is definitely not in vain. Background of the creation of Shiguge
This poem was written in the sixth year of Yuanhe (811), the reign of Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty. The stone drum inscriptions are the earliest stone carvings in China and were made during the Qin Dynasty; Han Yu thought they were made during the reign of King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty. The content describes the hunting situation, and the text is written in large seal script. In the early Tang Dynasty, stone drums were unearthed in Sanjuyuan, Tianxing County, Fengxiang Prefecture (now Baoji, Shaanxi). Its objects are now in the Palace Museum, Beijing. If the unearthing of the stone drum had occurred in modern times, it would have been widely reported as a "new archaeological discovery" and would have shocked China and the world at large. However, at that time, it was strangely aloof. Because in the eyes of the imperial court, they were just a few pieces of rags covered with moss, their suffering was comparable to that of the Ding Yi, the country's leader. Han Yu lamented the abandonment of the stone drum cultural relics and urged the authorities to protect the stone drum but could not adopt it. Therefore, he complained and wrote a long poem "Song of the Stone Drum".
Poetry works: Shiguge Poetry author: Han Yu, Tang Dynasty Poetry classification: Three hundred Tang poems and chants