This word describes the desolate scene of the occupied area and the arrogance and cruelty of the enemy, expressing the passionate sentiment against the peace proposal.
Shangqiu describes the confrontation between the Song and Jin Dynasties in the Jianghuai region. The word "Changhuai" pointed out the national border at that time and contained a sense of emotion. In November of the 11th year of Shaoxing, the Song Dynasty "negotiated a peace agreement with the Kingdom of Jin, established an alliance, and agreed to use the Huaihe River to flow through the territory" ("History of the Song Dynasty, Gaozong Ji"). The Huaihe River, once an artery, has now become a border. This is just as Yang Wanli later lamented in his poem "First Entering the Huaihe River": "It is not a good idea to go to the Huaihe River" and "north of the middle stream is the end of the world!" The country's borders have shrunk to this point, with only half of the country remaining. Looking as far as the Huaihe River, there is no barrier to defend the front line of defense on the south bank, it is just vast plains. Between the Jianghuai River and the Huaihe River, the Zhengcheng is dim and the frosty wind is miserable, adding to the desolate scene after the war.
The phrase "gloomy sales and condensation" reveals the poet's great ambition and sadness. Recalling the Jingkang Incident, the second emperor was taken prisoner and the Song Dynasty moved south. Who actually did it? God? Human? The meaning of the poem is clear and it is written with the words "殆" and "Fei", which makes it feel swaying. Shandong, where the Zhu and Si rivers flow, was the place where Confucius lectured, and is now occupied by the Jin people. For the poet, this can't help but arouse shock, pain and indignation deep in his heart. From "Geshui Zhixiang" to the break of filming, I wrote about the activities of the Jin soldiers across the river. Separated by a river, the land that used to be cultivated has now become a nomadic land. There are tents all over the field, and flocks of cattle and sheep are shouted at day and night to return to their pens. The sentence "Sunset" is originally from "The Book of Songs·Wang Feng·Gentleman in Service". What should be more vigilant is that the Jin soldiers' outposts are spread across the country and are heavily guarded. Especially when hunting fire illuminates the field, the shrill and shrill sound of drums can be heard, which is thrilling. The Jin people are still determined to go south, and the country's power is still in danger.
Xia Qian expresses that the ambition to restore the country is difficult to achieve, the people in power in Chaoyan are content with the status quo of peace talks, and the people of the Central Plains are longing for restoration, and the mood of the poem is even more tragic. In the first paragraph, the poet confides that he has no weapons to kill the enemy, but they have become dusty and useless. Time is gone, ambitions are only wasted. In the autumn and winter of the 31st year of Shaoxing, Xiaoxiang lived leisurely between Xuancheng and Wuhu. When he heard about the great victory in quarrying, he once wrote in a poem of "Shui Diao Ge Tou·He Pang Youfu": "I want to ride on the wind and hit the quarry." I vowed to give up." But when he went to Jiankang to observe the situation, he still felt that there was no way to serve the country. Therefore, in the following paragraph of "Miao Shen Jing", the sad and angry poet directs his sharp words at the peaceful little court. Bianjing is so far away, when will it be restored? The so-called remoteness not only refers to the distance in space, but also refers to the elusive time of recovery. This cannot but be blamed on the imperial court which was blindly seeking peace. "Qianyu Fang Huaiyuan" makes use of the story of "Dancing Qianyu on the Two Levels" in "Shang Shu·Dayu Mo". It is said that Shun revamped rituals and music, which brought Miao people from far away to submit. The poet uses this to bitterly satirize the imperial court for giving up lost territory and settling for the status quo. Therefore, the following is a sharp expose: since the Shaoxing Peace Negotiation was concluded, envoys were dispatched every year to congratulate Zhengdan, the birthday of the gold lord, to deliver annual coins and silver silk, as well as national messengers and petitioners for negotiation, etc., filling the roads. Those who love all humiliation and are loyal and upright are in danger of being detained or killed. There is a risk of being detained or killed. Even if the messenger has the most gold, he still has to be at a disadvantage in terms of etiquette. Yue Ke's "Historical History" records: "... During the ceremony, there are many things that can be discussed, but the etiquette of receiving the letter is particularly special. Ni Liang (the gold master Wanyan Liang) Yuping, Emperor Xiao (Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty) offered his marriage to him Therefore, after continuing to reconcile with Yong (Wanyan Yong of Jin Shizong), although it is easy to call uncle and nephew Yuguo, this ritual has not been changed, and the emperor (Xiaozong) often regrets it. "This is "if it is love" - ——Why is the factual background of a sentence about love the poet sighing and hating? The two sentences "hearing the Tao" describe the elders and compatriots under the rule of the Jin people. They look forward to the king's early northern expedition to regain the world every year. "Cuibao Nijing" refers to the car cover and colorful flags decorated with bird feathers. It is the emperor's guard of honor. Here it refers to the Song Dynasty emperor's car. The poet's friend Fan Chengda came to Jin eight years later and passed his old capital Bianjing. He wrote a poem "Zhouqiao": "The north and south of Zhouqiao are Tianjie, and my father is waiting for his return home. He held back tears and asked the envoy when it would really happen. The Sixth Army is coming!" Lu You, who once fought on the front line of Shaanxi Province, also wrote in his poem "The Autumn Night Will Go Out of the Gate to Welcome the Coolness": "The survivors shed tears in the dust, and look south to the King's Division for another year. !” can all be confirmed. When these patriotic poets and poets talked about the elders of the Central Plains, they felt the same way. The author cites the fact that the people of the Central Plains yearn for their motherland and earnestly long for the restoration of the country, which more profoundly exposes how the situation of partial peace is against the will of the people and makes people feel extremely angry. The last three sentences follow the trend and express the feelings of the envoy. Xiaoxiang's uncle Zhang Shao was sent to Jin in the third year of Jianyan, and was detained in Youyan for fifteen years for being unyielding. Any patriot who goes on an envoy to cross the Huaibei River will be filled with loyalty and indignation because of the long-term failure to recover the Central Plains land, and will shed tears for the sadness and disappointment of the Central Plains people every year. In the sentence "let pedestrians come here", "pedestrian" may be interpreted as people passing by, and it can also be passed. Liu Qian and Li Guan in the Northern Song Dynasty wrote two poems called "Six States Song Tou", one about Xiang Yu's affairs, the other about Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei's affairs, both of which use this sentence pattern at the end. Liu Zuo said, "Sending travelers here to remember the pain and sorrow, it is difficult to determine victory or defeat"; Li Zuo said, "Sending travelers here, they will only sing songs of sadness throughout the ages, and there will be many sorrows in the past." Xiaoxiang's words are probably inherited from the predecessors.
Looking at the whole poem, the poem can be divided into three subsections, and the author also put a lot of thought into the composition. The banquet was held in Jiankang, and the poet sang "Looking across the Changhuai River". He did not let the listeners stay in the painful reality of the Huaihe River, and then he used the words "Remembering the past" to push everyone's mood forward. The larger occupied area in the north adds to the feeling of broken mountains and rivers.
At this time, a warning was suddenly issued with the word "Shuixiang Xiang", which drew the attention of the guests back to "Hu'er surrounded Tutangbei, fireworks and domes are separated by a river" (Zhang Xiaoxiang's "He Professor Shen Zi Shou Fu Xue" verse) comes from reality. Within a circle, there are waves. After changing my head, my writing style changed again. Continuing with the critical situation pointed out by the emperor, he first describes the disappointment of having no hope of recovery and no way to serve the country; he then denounces the imperial court for enduring humiliation and suing for peace; and finally points out that even passers-by (including envoys to the Jin Dynasty) were equally sad and angry when they saw the old people from the Central Plains. Such a high-pitched and generous song, which becomes deeper and deeper, not only fully expresses the poet's infinite grief and indignation, but also effectively arouses people's patriotic enthusiasm. According to the "Remains of the Court and the Wilderness" written by an unknown person in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Wei Gong (Zhang Jun) entered the singing palace to leave the banquet", which shows how touching it is.
The powerful vitality of this poem lies in the patriotic spirit of the poet who "sweeps away the atmosphere of Heluo and shakes the smell of Susi, and forgets it in his chest in a day". As shown in the words, it is an extremely profound spirit of patriotism that blends national and cultural, realistic and historical, people and personal factors. Therefore, once you pour out your words and express your loyalty, you will have the courage to express your loyalty like a stormy wave rising out of a gully. ). At the same time, "Six States Songtou" is long and has a broad layout. Short sentences of three or four characters are often used to form exciting and tense stanzas, and the voice is passionate. It is an excellent art form for poets to express their patriotic passion. In the poem, the confrontation between the Song and Jin Dynasties and the sharp contradiction between the court and the people are sharply contrasted. It displays the macro historical picture of that era at multiple levels and angles, and powerfully expresses the aspirations of the people. Just as Du Fu's poems have always been called the history of poetry, this "Six States Song Tou" can also be called the history of poetry. Zhang Anguo was in command along the river. One day during the pre-banquet, the poem "Six Thirty Song Head" said... After the song, Wei Gong stood up with tears in his eyes, covered his sleeves and came in. (Chen Ting's "Zhu Shan Tang Ci Hua")
The songs in Yu Hu's "Ge Tou" are vigorous and vigorous, embodying the poet's syntax. (Mao Jin's "Yuhu Ci Postscript")
It is full of joy, the pen is full of ink, and the reading makes people dance. (Chen Tingzhuo's "Bai Yuzhai Ci")
Zhang Xiaoxiang Anguo wrote "Six States Songtou" on the banquet left behind in Jiankang, and the important ministers dismissed the banquet in gratitude. However, the excitement and resentment of Ci is not inferior to that of poetry.
(Liu Xizai's "Art Introduction")