( 1)
There is a kind of fish named Kun in the North Ghost, which is thousands of miles away. Into a bird, its name is Peng, Peng's back, I don't know its thousands of miles; Fly away angrily, its wings hang in the sky like clouds. If it is a bird, shipping will migrate to Nanming; South ghost, Tianchi also. Qi Xie, will also blame. He said harmoniously, "Peng moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand Li. Those who rushed up were in Wan Li, and those who went to rest in June were also there. Wild horses, dust and creatures blow each other with great interest. The sky is gray, and its positive color is evil? Far away and everything is extremely evil? It looks down. If it is, it's gone.
(2)
And the product of husband's water is not thick, then the negative boat is weak; Cover the depression with a glass of water, and the mustard will sail. If you put a cup on it, it will be glue. The water is shallow and the boat is big. The wind is not thick, and its negative wing is weak; Therefore, nine Wan Li, then the wind, the next easy, then this cultural wind. Those who carry the blue sky but don't die, then they will go to the south today. Xun and Xue Dui laughed and said, I will definitely get up and fly, and my gun will kill me, but I was controlled by the ground before I arrived. Xi to Jiu, Wan Li and South? "Suitable for three meals upside down, abdomen or indeed as expected. Those who are suitable for a hundred miles keep food, and those who are suitable for a thousand miles gather food in March; The second bug, what do you know?
(3)
A little knowledge is not as good as a little knowledge, and a small year is not as good as a big year. I don't know the future, Huigu doesn't know the spring and autumn, this is a small year. There are ghosts in southern Chu, five hundred years old is spring, and five hundred years old is autumn; In ancient times, there was a big tree, eight thousand years old was spring, and eight thousand years old was autumn. This is also a big year. Peng Zu has a long-standing reputation, and everyone is a horse. Aren't you sad?
(4)
The problem of soup is also a thorn. "Poor north, a ghost sea, Tianchi also. There is a kind of fish, which is thousands of miles wide. He who doesn't know his accomplishment is called Kun. There is a bird called Peng, whose back is like Mount Tai and whose wings are like clouds hanging in the sky. Those who climb to the top with horns are nine Wan Li, and there is no cloud to lose to the sky. Looking south again, it is also suitable for the south. Laugh at it: "What about the stone? I pranced up and down, dancing among Artemisia, which also flew to the extreme. And he and Shi also? " This little big debate.
Therefore, the husband knows the official effect, the line is better than the township, and the morality is combined with the monarch. However, those who levy the country also pretend to be this, and Song still laughs at it. And the realm of reputation without remonstration, the world without depression, depending on the inside and outside, and fighting for honor and disgrace is long gone. He was in the world, but he didn't count it; Although, there are still trees. Fu Liezi walked against the wind, and Ling Ran was good. There were five days in ten days, and then turning back, it was a blessing, not counting; Although this is off-line, there are still things to do. Why is it evil for a husband to benefit from the righteousness of heaven and earth and resist the debate of six qi, and to swim endlessly? Therefore, as the saying goes, "man has no self-nature, god and man are useless, and saints are nameless." 』
Yao surrendered the world and said, "Although the sun and the moon rise, the fire will not go out. Isn't it hard to shine? When it rains, you are still immersed in irrigation, which is also beneficial to Ze. Aren't you tired? My master ruled the world, but I still died. I regard myself as lacking, so please let the world know. " Xu You said, "My son ruled the world, and the world has been ruled. I will still take the place of my son. Will I be named? Celebrities are real guests, and I will be a guest? Wren nest in the depths of the forest, but only one branch, drinking the river, but full. It's up to you Everything in the world is useless. Although I won't cure you, I hope you won't be more embarrassed. 』
(5)
Side by side, I asked Uncle Lian: I heard that Jieyu was too big to go back, but I was afraid of his words, and he was still a hopeless river man! There is a big court, but it is not a person. "Uncle Lian said," what does this mean? 〈 :〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉〉ԑ1297 Its spirit is condensed, so that things are flawless and the years are mature, so I am crazy and don't believe it. Uncle Lian said, "However, the deaf can't associate with the view of articles, and the deaf can't associate with the sound of bells and drums. Are you deaf or blind? " The husband knows; He said it, and it was a woman. People, morality, will be next to everything, thinking that life will be chaotic, what will harm, what will harm, and the world will be involved? People also, things don't hurt people; Soak in the sky without drowning, and flow stones in the drought, and the earth mountains are burnt but not hot. Who will be Yao and Shun in Tao Zhu, and who will take things as things? The talent and wealth of the Song Dynasty were just suitable for all the Yue people, and the Yue people cut off their tattoos, which was useless. Yao ruled the world, leveled the politics of the sea, went to see the mountain of the four sons, and lost the world on the day of dividing water. 』
(6)
Keiko said to Zhuangzi, "Wang Wei has made me a big seed. My tree is made of five stones, which can hold water slurry, but it is not strong enough. If you think it's a ladle, there's no place to put it, or it's too big, it's useless for me to slap it. " Zhuangzi said, "Your master has used it badly! Song people have a medicine that is good but not turtle-handed, thinking about world affairs; When the guests hear it, please buy its square hundred gold. Gathering the family and asking for it, he said, "I have done nothing for the rest of my life except counting gold. I have won hundreds of gold at a time. Please come with me." "The more difficult it is for the guest to say that the prince is, the prince will make it, winter and Vietnam War, defeat and defeat, and crack it. If there is no turtle hand, or seal, or no way, it will be different to use. This son has five stone heads. Why don't you think it is a big bottle, floating in rivers and lakes, but worry that it has no place to live, then the owner still has a heart and a husband. 』
(7)
Keiko said to Zhuangzi, "I have a big tree that people call dead. Its big roots are swollen and not inked, and the branchlets are curled into lines, which the craftsmen ignore. This son's words are too big and useless, and everyone goes with him. " Zhuangzi said, "Are you alone? Bow down, wait for ao, jump, do not dispute, win by chance, die by net. If today's husband and cow are as big as the clouds hanging in the sky, this one can be as big, but it can't catch mice. There are big trees today, no matter how hard it is. Why not plant them where there is nothing, and plant them in the wilderness? Wandering around it doing nothing, sleeping under it carefree, not killing an axe; Harmless is useless and miserable! 』
A pleasant hike
Notes on the title or background of a book.
"Xiaoyao" is also written as "shake off", indicating complacency; "Wandering freely" means moving freely without any constraints.
The full text can be divided into three parts. The first part is "the sage is unknown", which is the main part of this paper. By comparing many examples that can't be "carefree", it shows that to truly achieve the realm of freedom, we must be "selfless", "reactive" and "unknown". The second part, I am suddenly lost in the world, further expounds the previous part, explaining that "no self" is the only way to get rid of all kinds of bondage and dependence. As long as you really forget yourself and everything, you can reach the realm of freedom. Only "no self" is the person with the highest spiritual realm. The rest is the third part, which discusses what is really useful and what is useless, indicating that we should not be stuck by things, but should regard uselessness as useful, further expressing our life purport of opposing active participation in social activities and pursuing leisure and self-satisfaction with the goal of being free from any constraints.
This article is one of the representative works of Zhuangzi, which is full of fantastic imagination and romantic colors, and combines reasoning with fables and vivid metaphors to form a unique style. "Wandering freely" is also an important aspect of Zhuangzi's philosophy. The whole article repeatedly expounds the idea of nothing to rely on and pursues the absolute freedom of the spiritual world. In Zhuangzi's eyes, everything in objective reality, including people, is antagonistic and interdependent, so there is no absolute freedom. If you want nothing to rely on, you have nothing. Therefore, he hopes that everything will go with the flow, be detached from reality, deny all the functions of human beings in social life, and confuse human life with the survival of all things; Advocate not to dwell on things and pursue unconditional spiritual freedom.
original text
There is a fish named Kun in the Northern Ghost. Kun is so big, I don't know its thousands of miles; Adult bird, named Peng ③. Peng's back is thousands of miles away; Angry fly (4), its wings hang like clouds (5). If it is a bird, shipping will migrate to Nanming. South ghost, Tianchi also 7. Yes, so is the geek. The words of Hehe said, "Peng moved to Nanming, and the water hit three thousand Li. Attending, it was Jiu Wan Li who climbed up (1 1), and it was also (12) who went to rest in June. " Wild horses (13), dust (14) and interesting interactions between creatures (15). The sky is gray, and its positive color is evil? Is it far and omniscient and extremely evil (16)? It looks down. If it is, it's gone. And the product of husband's water is not thick, then the negative boat is weak. Cover the depression with a glass of water (17), and the mustard tuber will be a boat (18); If you cover a cup, it's glue. Shallow water makes a big boat. The wind is not thick and its negative wing is weak, so it is windy in Wan Li (19). Then, today's Pei Feng (20), the person who bears the blue sky and doesn't want to die (2 1), and then, today's plan goes south. Fu and Xue Dui laughed (22): "I decided to fly (23) and grab the elm (24), but I didn't arrive at that time. I just controlled the ground (25); Xi to nine Wan Li and south (26)? " People who are suitable for the wild (27), stubborn and rebellious (28), or people who have a good stomach (29); Leave grain for the fittest (30); The fittest travels a thousand miles, and food gathers in March. What about the second worm (3 1)? Little knowledge is not as good as great knowledge (32), and small years are not as good as big years. What if I know? Mushrooms don't know the new moon (33), and cockroaches don't know the spring and autumn (34), which is also a small year. There are ghosts in southern Chu (35), five hundred years old is spring, and five hundred years old is autumn; In ancient times, there was a big tree (36), eight thousand years old was spring, and eight thousand years old was autumn (37). And Peng Zu is long heard (38), and everyone is one of them (39). Aren't you sad?
Tang Tici Ye (40): "There is a ghost sea in the poor north (4 1) and Tianchi Ye. There is a kind of fish, which is thousands of miles wide. Those who don't know its cultivation (42) are called Kun. There is a bird named Peng, whose back is like Mount Tai (43) and whose wings are like clouds hanging in the sky. Those who rise to the top with horns, nine Wan Li (44), those who lose clouds (45), the sky is blue, and seeking the south again is also suitable for the south. Laugh at my proverb (46):' What about the stone? I jumped up, but counted down (47), flying in Artemisia, and Artemisia also flew to (48). And he is also a stone? ""small debate is big (49).
Therefore, the husband knows that being an official (50) is not as good as being a township (5 1), and the gentleman wants to levy the country (52), which is the same. And Song still laughed (53). However, there is no advice in the world (54), there is no depression in the world (55), and the distinction between inside and outside (56) and the boundary between honor and disgrace (57) is long gone. There are countless others in the world (58). Although, there are still trees. Fu Liezi rode against the wind (59), Shan Ye, Ling Ran (60), and turned back five days out of ten days (6 1). Blessed people (62) do not count. Although this is not necessary, people who have things to do are also (63). The husband takes the righteousness of heaven and earth as benefit (64) and resists the debate of six qi (65). Who swims endlessly and treats zai badly (66)? Therefore, it is said that "man has no self-nature (67), man of God is useless (68), and sage is nameless (69).
To annotate ...
1 ghost: also known as the meaning of the sea. "Northern Ghost" is the sea in the north. The following "Nan Ming" is like this. Legend has it that the North Sea is boundless, deep and dark.
(2) Kun (kūn): This refers to fish eggs, and here is the name of the big fish.
③ Peng: This is the ancient word "Feng", and the name of big bird is used here.
4 Anger: Stand up.
5 vertical: remote; In this sense, future generations will write "Confucianism". Speaking of hiding, it's just covering the sky.
⑥ Shipping: Seawater movement, here refers to turbulent waves; When it comes to Peng birds flying at sea. Migration: Migration.
⑦ Tianchi: a large natural pool.
Qi Xie: The name of this book. Say a name.
Pet-name ruby: record
⑩ Strike: Flapping refers to a bird flapping its wings on the water.
(1 1) Yi (tuán): about the top. When I say "slap", I mean "hit" (bó). Spin: also known as soaring, a storm that spirals sharply from the ground.
(12) Go: Leave, which means leave Beihai. Rest: Stop.
(13) Wild Horse: Fog in the forest in spring. Fog floats like a galloping horse, hence the name "Wild Horse".
(14) Dust: The soil suspended in the air is called "dust", and the tiny dust particles are called "wormwood".
(15) Organism: refers to all kinds of organisms. Breath: This refers to the breath produced by biological respiration.
(16) Extreme: exhausted.
(17) reply: dump. Ao: pits and depressions, and "depression hall" refers to pits and depressions on the ground of the hall.
(18) Mustard: grass.
(19) S: Then, just.
(20) then today: it means only after this; The following is the same solution. Pei: commonly known as "depend".
(2 1) Mo: I have no right to say here. Mo Zhi (è): It is written as "Mo Zhi" again, and the meaning stops. Immortality is the inversion of immortality.
(22) Theo: cicada. Pigeon: a small gray finch, which generally refers to birds here.
(23) Jue (xuè): It is often used as a "wing" and appears quickly.
(24) Grab (qiāng): pass suddenly. Elm: Two tree names.
(25) Control: drop and drop.
Yi Xi: Why? One: Go. Wei: interrogative modal particles at the end of the sentence.
(27) Fitness: Go, go. Mangcang: refers to the countryside that is confused and invisible.
(28) Naan (cān): Same meal. Reverse: Return.
Jude: Still. Sure enough: full.
(30) Accommodation: This means one night.
(3 1) 1: This. Erchong: refers to the scorpion and learning pigeon mentioned above.
(32) zhiì: Knowing "wisdom" and wisdom.
(33) Chao: Early morning. Huishuo: the last day and the first day of a month. Say "dark" means night, and "new moon" means morning.
(34) huìgū g: that is, chilling, spring life and death or resurrection autumn death.
(35) Ghosts: The legendary tortoise, speaking of the name of the tree.
(36) Da Chun: the legendary ancient and famous trees.
(37) According to the structural characteristics of the words before and after, there should be a sentence "This year is also very important" below this sentence, but there is no such sentence in traditional books.
(38) Peng Zu: the oldest person in ancient legends. Nagin: Now. By: by. Lester: Independence. Wen: It is world-famous.
(39) Ma: Match and compare.
Tang: Shang Tang. Spine: A wise doctor in the Tang Dynasty. Already: easy.
(4 1) poor hair: where there is no vegetation.
(42) repair: long.
(43) Mount Tai: A big mountain. It is Mount Tai.
(44) Horn: A whirlwind that rotates upward like a horn.
(45) Absolutely: Yes.
Yan: A bird.
(47) Here: ancient units of length, eight feet per week and seven feet per Han; We should adopt a weekly system here.
(48) to: extremely.
(49) Debate: often used as "discrimination", discrimination and discrimination.
(50) effect: efficacy; There is the meaning of ability here. Officer: Official position.
(5 1) line (xìng): line. Compare: Compare and merge.
(52) and: often used as "ability", ability. Sign: win trust.
(53) Song: Song Shuo, a native of the Song Dynasty, was a thinker in the Warring States Period. You Ran: The look of ridicule.
(54) Elevator: All. Persuade: encourage and work hard.
(55) No: blame, criticize. Ju (j incarnation): depressed.
(56) Inside and outside: here refer to oneself and things outside the body respectively. In Zhuangzi's view, the spirit of autonomy is internal, while honor and criticism are external. Only the spirit of autonomy is important and valuable.
(57) Boundary: Boundary.
(58) Earl (shuò) Ran: In a hurry.
(59) Liezi: Zheng Guoren, a famous thinker in the Warring States Period. Royal: Control.
(60) Ling (líng) Ran: light and graceful.
(6 1) Ten days: Ten days. Yes: once again.
(62) chi: here is the meaning of seeking.
(63) wait: rely on.
(64) multiply: follow and depend. Heaven and Earth: This refers to everything and the whole natural line. Positive: this; This refers to the nature of nature.
(65) Imperial style: it refers to obeying the rules. Six Qi: Yin, Yang, Wind, Rain, Yin and Ming. Debate: often used as "change", the meaning of change.
(66) evil (wū): what, what.
(67) Knowing people: This refers to the person with the highest moral cultivation. No self: define the boundary between external things and self, and achieve the state of forgetting myself.
(68) Man of God: This refers to a person whose spiritual world is completely detached from things. Reactive power: no achievement.
(69) Sage: Here refers to people with perfect ideological cultivation. Unknown: not pursuing fame and status.
translate
There is a fish in the sea in the north. Its name is Kun. The size of Kun, I really don't know how big it is to thousands of miles; Become a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back, I really don't know how long it is; When it rises and flies, its spread wings are like clouds on the horizon. This Peng bird, with the stormy sea, migrated to the South China Sea. The sea in the south is a huge natural pool. Qi Xie is a book devoted to recording strange things. It is recorded in this book: "Pengbirds migrate to the South China Sea, and their wings beat against the water surface to stir up waves of 3,000 miles. The sudden wind on the sea spiraled up and reached the high altitude of Wan Li. It took six months to leave the North Sea and stopped. " In spring, fog like a galloping horse is transpiration on the Yuan Ye in Lin Ze, and the low-altitude dust is caused by the breath of various creatures in nature. The sky is so blue, is this its true color? Or is it endless? Peng bird looks down from the sky, so much.
In addition, if the water is not deep, it has no power to float a big ship. Pour a glass of water in the low-lying area of the stadium, then a small handful of mustard can also be used as its boat; The cup won't stick when it is put on hold, because the water is too shallow and the boat is too big. The wind force is not strong enough to bear huge wings. So, Pengniao flies high in Wan Li, and the wind is below it. Then it can fly with the wind and bear the blue sky without any power to stop it, and then it can fly south as it is now. Cicada and the little grey finch laughed at it and said, "I took off quickly from the ground and touched the branches of elm and sandalwood, and often fell to the ground without flying." Why should I fly south to the height of Wan Li? " Go to the confused countryside, eat three meals back and forth, and your stomach is still full; To go a hundred miles away, you need to prepare dry food all night; Traveling thousands of miles away, you should have prepared food three months ago. What do these two little things know? Little cleverness can't catch up with great wisdom, and short life can't compare with long life. how do you know The morning fungus will not know what a gloomy new moon is, and the cicada will not know what spring and autumn are. This is a short life. There is a turtle named Ghost Spirit in southern Chu, which regards 500 years as spring and 500 years as autumn. In ancient times, there was an ancient tree named Da Chun, which regarded 8,000 years as spring and 8,000 years as autumn. This is longevity. But Peng Zu is still famous for its longevity. Aren't you sad that people are keeping up with him?
Shang Tang's question about the spine is this: "In the barren north, there is a deep sea, and that is Tianchi. There is a kind of fish that carries water for a thousand miles. No one can know how long it is. Its name is Kun, and there is a bird with a back like a mountain and wings like clouds in the sky. Pengniao rose to fly, flapped its wings, and the rapidly rotating upward airflow went straight to the high altitude of Wan Li, through the clouds, carrying the blue sky, and then flew south, intending to fly to the South China Sea. He scoffed at it and said,' Where is it going? I struggled to jump up and fly up, but I lost a few feet and circled among Artemisia, which was the limit of my flight. "Where is it going?" "This is the difference between small and big.
Therefore, those who are smart enough to be competent for official positions, whose conduct conforms to the wishes of a countryman, whose morality can satisfy the monarch and whose ability is enough to win the trust of the country all think of themselves in this way. But Song laughed at them. People all over the world praise him, so he won't work harder. People all over the world criticize him, so he won't be more depressed. He made clear the difference between himself and the outside world, and distinguished the boundaries between honor and shame, but that's all! Song was never eager to pursue anything for the whole society. Even so, he still failed to reach the highest level. Liezi was able to walk in fashion, which was really light and beautiful, and he didn't come back until fifteen days later. Liezi is never in a hurry to seek happiness. Although he did this without walking fatigue, he still had something to rely on. As for following the laws of all things in the universe, grasping the changes of "six qi" and roaming the endless realm, what does he rely on? Therefore, the "supreme person" with noble moral cultivation can reach the realm of no self, the "saint" with completely detached spiritual world has no fame and career in his heart, and the "saint" with perfect ideological cultivation never pursues fame and status.
original text
Yao made the world succumb to ①, saying, "The sun and the moon will rise, and the fire will never stop.": Is it not difficult to be light? It's raining when it rains, but it's still soaking; It's also ⑤ in Zee. Why not ⑤? The master represents the rule of the world, and I am still dead; I feel that I am lacking, so please tell the world. " Xu You said, "Zi governs the world (1 1), and the world has been governed; I will be the son of Judah, and I will be named? Famous people are real guests (12); Will I be a guest? Wren nest in the deep forest (13), but there is only one; The rat drank the river (14), but it was full. Hugh Hu Jun (15) has the final say, but it's useless to the world (16)! Although I can't cure my illness (17), I hope I won't surpass it and take its place (18)! "
I asked Uncle Lian (19): "I heard that Jieyu (20) is too big to use (2 1), but it's not reversed (22). I was frightened by his words. Youhehan and Wuji also (23); There is a big court (24), which is inhuman. " Uncle Lian said, "What do you mean?" Yue: "The mountain shot by the ancients (25) is inhabited by God. If the skin is like ice and snow, it looks like a virgin (26). It doesn't eat grains, sucks wind and drinks dew, and travels overseas by flying clouds and dragons. Its spirit is condensed (27), making things incomplete and immature (28). I am crazy and don't believe it (29). " Uncle Lian said, "Of course. Deaf people have nothing to do with the viewpoint in article (30), and deaf people have nothing to do with the sound of bells and drums. Are you deaf or blind? Husband knows! Yes, it is still true, but it is still true (3 1). People are also virtuous, and everything is one (32), and the world is in chaos (33). What's the harm? What's the harm? How to do things for the world (34)! Harmless to people, harmless to things: soaking in the sky without drowning (35), flowing stones in the drought, and burning mountains without heat. Is it because it is dirty and dirty, it will still be Tao Zhu Yaoshun (36), who wants to take things as things? "
Song Dynasty people's natural endowment was just right for Yue (37), and the Yue people lost their tattoos (28), which was useless. Yao ruled the people of the world, ruled the politics of the sea, and went to see the mountain of Sizi, the day of Fenshui (39), and lost its world (40).
To annotate ...
(1) Yao: the legendary sage in the history of China. Xu You: The legendary Gao Shi and Yu Zhongwu live in Jishan. Legend has it that Yao wants the world to give it to him, pretending to be noble and not obedient. (2) jué fire: Torch fire, which is lit when wood is immersed in grease.
(3) Timely rain: timely rain.
④ Immersion irrigation: irrigation.
5 Ze: Moisturize.
Old: It means in vain.
⑦ Standing: position and posture.
⑧ Corpse: the god in the temple, which is used here to occupy its position, has its name.
Pet-name ruby: lack of appearance.
Indication: Here you are.
(1 1) Zi: a courtesy title for a person.
(12) object: something secondary and derived.
(13) Emu (jiāoliáo): a bird that is good at nesting.
(14) Rat: Mole.
(15) Hugh: Stop, which means forget it.
(16) is an interrogative modal particle at the end of a sentence.
(17) Kun Ren: Chef.
(18) corpse wish: the person who presides over the sacrifice. Bottle: A container for wine. Hey: A container for meat. "Sister-in-law" here refers to all kinds of kitchen supplies. This is the origin of the idiom "crossing the line".
(19) Shouwu and Shu Lian: In the old days, there were people who had ways. In fact, they were all fictional characters created by Zhuangzi to express their needs.
(20) Jieyu: A hermit of the State of Chu, surnamed Lu, was named Jieyu.
(21) dang: bottom, margin.
(22) Reverse: Return.
(23) Hehan: Galaxy. Extreme: edge, end.
(24) Jing: the path outside the door. Court: Outside the hall. "Jingting" is used together, and the metaphor here is very different. This is the origin of the idiom "big phase and big court".
(25) retain the advantage (m o): distant appearance. Ancient Society (yè): the legendary mountain name.
(26) Chu Yu: weak and beautiful. Virgo: Virgo.
(27) coagulation: refers to the single-minded expression.
(28) defect (Li): illness.
(29) want: think. Crazy: often used as "crazy", a false word. Letter: true and reliable.
(30) e (g incarnation): blind. Article: Patterns and colors.
(3 1): Yes. Woman: You, you. The old note means that when the woman was a virgin, the context was far-fetched and she stopped following.
(32) Pang Bo: Confused.
(33) Qi (qí): Pray; Begging means begging. Chaos: What we are talking about here is "governance", which is a linguistic phenomenon with opposite meaning in ancient times.
(34) What are the disadvantages? Busy and tired.
(35) big immersion: big water. Ji: Right.
Hey: The valley is flat. Just: a variant of the word "bran". Pottery: firing pottery with earth. Casting: Melting metal castings.
(37) Information: trafficking. Zhang Fu: The high hat of ancient Yin Di people. Comfortable: Go ahead.
(38) Broken hair: no hair. Tattoos: tattoos all over the body. Yue is located in the south, and its customs are different from those in the Song Dynasty.
(39) Sixi: The old note refers to four people, namely Wang You, Ugly Que, Yi Bei and Xu You, who are actually fictional characters. Yang: Shannan still flows north.
(40) (yo) ran: the feeling of loss. Lose or forget.
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Yao intends to give up the world, saying, "The sun and the moon have risen, but the small torch is still burning." Isn't it difficult to compare with the brightness of the sun and moon? Monsoon rains landed in time, but it was still watering and irrigating the earth; Isn't it futile to moisten the whole earth with such laborious artificial irrigation? If Mr. Wang Can lives in the position of monarch, the world will certainly be governed greatly, but I still live in its position; The more I look at it myself, the more I feel that I am not competent enough. Please allow me to give you the world. Xu You replied: "You rule the world, and the world has achieved great governance, but I must replace you." Will I do it for fame? "Name is a secondary thing from reality. Will I pursue what I want this time? Wren nest in the forest, but occupy a branch; The mole went to Okawa to drink water, but the water was full. You'd better give up your idea and go home. This world is useless to me! Even if the chef does not cook, the sacrifice host will not intervene! "
Shouwu asked Lian Shu for advice: "I listened to a conversation with Jieyu, which was full of big talk." Once you go on, you will never get back to the original topic. I was frightened by his words, as if the Milky Way in the sky has no boundaries, which is far from the words of ordinary people. It's really unreasonable. " Uncle Lian asked, "What is he talking about?" Shouwu relayed: "On the distant Gushe Mountain, there lived a man of God. His skin was as white as snow and his body was as soft as a virgin. He doesn't eat grains, drinks the breeze and nectar, rides the clouds and travels around the world. His expression is so focused that there is no disease in everything in the world and crops are harvested every year. I think this is all false and not credible at all. " Uncle Lian said, "Yes! For the blind, we can't enjoy patterns and colors with them. For the deaf, we can't listen to the music of bells and drums with them. Is it just that the bones are deaf and blind? There are also deaf and blind people in thought! This seems to mean that you should take my responsibility. The man of god, his virtue, is involved in everything to get the governance of the whole world, who will be busy taking the management of the world seriously! That kind of person, nothing can hurt him from foreign objects, nor can he be drowned by a terrible flood. He doesn't feel hot because the drought on earth melts rocks and cracks earth mountains. The dust he left behind, withered bran and other wastes can also create a saint like Yao Shun. How can he take it as his duty to be busy managing everything! "
In the northern Song Dynasty, some people sold hats to the southern state of Yue. Vietnamese people have no hair and are covered in patterns, so there is no place to use hats. Yao governs the people of the world and stabilizes the domestic political situation. He went to Gushe Mountain and north of Fenshui to meet four noble scholars who had realized. He couldn't help feeling lost and forgetting his position in managing the world.
original text
Keiko said to Zhuangzi, ①: "Wang Wei made me a big seed ②, and my tree succeeded ③, but it used five stone heads ④. In order to fill water slurry, its firmness cannot be bootstrapped. If you think it's a ladle, there's no room. It's not too big, but it's also 7. I'm sorry for its uselessness. "Zhuangzi said," the master is not good at using it. ⑨！ There was a man in the Song Dynasty who had a kind heart and didn't want to be a turtle medicine. He always took kindness seriously (1 1). If you hear about it, please buy it (12). Gather home and ask:' I am a human being, but only a few gold; You can win a hundred gold skills once and for all today (13), please let it go. "Come on, the guest said the prince (14). The more difficult it is (15), the king of Wu ordered it to be (15), and in winter, it fought with the Vietnamese, defeated the Vietnamese, and split the country (17). If it can't be used (18), or sealed (19), or there is no way, it will be different. There are five stones today, why not think that the big bottle (20) floats in the Jianghu and worry about its fall? Then the master still has a heart and a husband (2 1)! "
Keiko said to Zhuangzi, "I have a big tree, which people call Tree (22). Its big root is swollen and lacks rope ink (23), its twigs are curly and irregular (24), and its vertical coating (25) is ignored by craftsmen. This son's words are big and useless, and everyone goes with him. " Zhuangzi said, "I can't see you alone (26)? Bow down (27) to be arrogant (28); East-west jumping beam (29), indisputable (30); In the robot monarch (3 1), he died in vain (32). Today's husband and cow (33) are as big as clouds in the sky. This can be great, but you can't catch mice. There are big trees today, but it's useless. Why not plant them on the land with nothing (34), plant them in the wild (35), wander around doing nothing (36) and sleep under them? If you don't kill an axe (37), those harmless ones will be useless, and you will be miserable! "
To annotate ...
Keiko: My ancestral home was in the Song Dynasty, and my surname was Hui. I once painted Liang. Hui Shi is a friend of Zhuangzi and a famous representative in the pre-Qin period. However, the stories of Hui Shi and Zhuangzi written in this article and many chapters below are mostly allegorical and can't really reflect Hui Shi's thoughts.
② Wang Wei: namely Liang. Yi: Give it away. Xiongnu: Hulu.
③ Trees: planting and cultivation.
4 reality: knot gourd. Stone (dàn): unit of capacity, with ten buckets as one stone.
⑤ Lift: Pick it up.
⑥ Descent: It is also written as "Contour Descent", which is very big.
⑦ ⑦ (xiāo) Ran: It looks very big and hollow.
8 for (wè i): Because. Pǒu: I broke it.
Pet-name ruby: really, really.
Attending turtle (jūn): commonly known as "",the skin is frozen and cracked.
(1 1) (píng): floating. Pi: rinse with water. (Kuang): silk cotton.
(12) prescription: prescription.
(13) Yan (Yu): sell, sell.
(14) Say (shuì): persuade, lobby.
(15) difficulty: launching an attack means that the state of Yue has military action against the state of Wu.
(16) General (Jiang): Command the army.
(17) crack: separate out.
(18) 1: Same, same.
(19) or: indefinite pronouns, here refers to some people. With the help of, the object "medicine that doesn't touch hands" is omitted.
(20) worry: consider. Once you say it, you can use it as a bang and tie it with a rope. Bottle: originally a wine container, it refers to a water bottle tool that looks like a wine bottle and can be tied to the body, commonly known as a waist boat.
(2 1) Peng: The name of grass is not straight. "A heart with a canopy" means that you can't understand the truth because of your shallow knowledge.
(22) chū: a tall deciduous tree, but its wood is rough and cannot be used.
Big Ben: The trunk is very thick. Hug (hug) swelling: Today's writing is "bloated", which describes that the trunk is bent and uneven. Medium (zhòng): in line with. Rope ink: a straight ink line used by carpenters.
(24) Rules: compasses and square.
(25) painting: used as "Tao" and road.
(26) raccoon (lí): wildcat. Shēng: Weasel.
(27) Humble: low.
(28) Ao: preach "roaming", roaming.
(29) Jumping beam: it means jumping, jumping and jumping.
(30) monarch: taboo; In this sense, later generations wrote "avoidance".
(3 1) Machine: a trap for catching animals.
(32) Wang: net. G incarnation: the floorboard of the network.
(33) Cattle: yak.
(34) Land with nothing: refers to a place where nothing grows.
(35) Mo: Big.
(36) Wandering: Wandering and standing upright. Idle: Doing nothing.
(37) Death: premature death. Kim: Logging.