Qiantang Lake is another name for West Lake. When people mention the West Lake, they will think of the famous sentence in Su Shi's poems: "To compare the West Lake with the West Lake, light makeup is always appropriate." After reading Bai Juyi's poems, I seem to really see Shi's face. He is smiling, and I feel more accurate about Dongpo's metaphor.
When Lotte was in Hangzhou, there were many poems about lakes and mountains. This poem captures the characteristics of the local environment and seasons, and depicts the West Lake, which has just put on a spring coat, as full of business and just right.
"Gushan Temple North Jiating West". The lonely mountain stands between the back lake and the outer lake, with towering peaks and a lonely mountain temple on it, which is a scenery in the lake and a special symbol of the whole lake. Jiating was also a scenic spot in the West Lake. With the description of the first sentence, the "water surface" in the second sentence naturally refers to the West Lake. The water falls in autumn and winter, and the spring water rises again. In the chaos of water and sky, overlapping white clouds roll up in space and connect with the rippling water waves on the lake, so it is called "low cloud feet" The phrase "the initial water level, the foot of the cloud is low" outlines the outline of early spring on the lake. The next two sentences, from the dynamics of Yingying Yanyan, vividly describe the vitality of spring and the spring when nature wakes up from a deep sleep in autumn and winter. Yingying is a singer who sings the beautiful spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. Yan is a migratory bird. It comes from the north in spring. They are full of seasonal sensitivity and become a symbol of spring. Here, the poet's choice of things around him is typical; And his pen is meticulous. When we say "several places", we can see that it is not "everywhere"; When we say "whose family", we can see that it is not "every family". Because it is still early spring. In this way, the "early" of the "early warbler" and the "new" of the "new swallow" are interactive in meaning, and they are connected into a complete picture. Because it is an "early warbler", I rushed to the warm sunny tree to try its ticking sound; Because it is a "new swallow", when pecking mud and holding grass, it will arouse people's first pleasure when building a nest. Xie Lingyun's sentence "Spring grass grows in the pond, willow turns into a songbird" ("Going upstairs in the pond") is wonderful and legendary because he wrote the joy of love at first sight when the four seasons change. This poem is quite similar in artistic conception.
The first four sentences of the poem describe the spring scenery on the lake in a wide range, which comes from the sentence "lonely mountain"; The last four sentences are dedicated to the scenery of "Hudong" and boil down to "White Sands". Point out the environment first, and then write the scenery; Write the scenery first, then the environment. The poem begins with "Gushan Temple" and ends with "Baishadi", from point to surface, from surface to point, with no trace of change in the middle. The structure is wonderful, as Xue Xue pointed out: Lotte's poems are "orderly in structure" ("A Ladle of Poems"). This "change" in "composition" is often reflected in the muddy brushwork; Without careful observation, it is difficult to see its "order".
Although the couplets of "disorderly flowers" and "shallow grass" describe the general spring scenery, they are closely related to "Baisha dike": the West Lake in spring is green and carpet-like tender grass; However, this flat and slender white sand dike is the place with the most tourists. By the Tang Dynasty, the custom of riding horses on the West Lake was extremely prosperous, and even geisha and girls loved riding horses. In the poem, "no horseshoe" is used to describe this green grassland, which is a ready-made landscape.
The use of words such as "Chuping", "Several Places", "Whose Family", "Gradually Desire" and "Talent and Emotion" runs through the landscape sentences of the whole poem, and the scenic spot of the West Lake in early spring is dyed into a Su Xiaoxiao lightly connected with Qiantang. However, this vigorous spring is developing rapidly. Another news is revealed from the link "Flowers are more and more charming": colorful flowers will soon bloom here, and stones will soon appear on the mirror platform on the lake.
Fang said that this poem "is intended to be like, and someone is there, which is better than a dead sentence." This is a poem about scenery. Its beauty lies not in the picturesque description, but in the emotion in the scene, which shows the harmonious and gloomy spring and the concentrated and full feeling given to the poet by the beauty of nature. The so-called "interesting image, someone is there"; The so-called "shape moves with things and is everywhere" (Su's Heather Talk) should be understood in this sense. (Ma Maoyuan)
Appreciate II
Immortal Poem of Beautiful Landscape —— Appreciation of Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang
There is a wonderful thing in the world, that is, the encounter between talented poets and wonderful landscapes. Clear water and green mountains are masterpieces of nature, but they are like virgins locked in boudoir and need to be discovered by talented poets. Talented people and talented poets are full of hearts, but their spring-like talents must find the best eruption. The former has been waiting silently, and the latter is also searching hard. Once they meet, the clear water and green mountains will become an excellent object to stimulate the poet's creative passion and inspiration, and talented poets will also discover and vividly describe their unparalleled charm with different eyes, souls and wonderful pens. Thus, as the crystallization of their happy combination, dazzling poems were born. Therefore, the encounter between talented poets and wonderful landscapes is really a blessing of mountains and rivers, a blessing of poets, and a blessing of poets and future readers.
Bai Juyi, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, had such a marriage with the famous West Lake in Hangzhou. In the second year of Mu Zong's Changqing (822), due to state affairs, there was a conflict between cronies in the DPRK and China, and they repeatedly ignored it. Bai Juyi is a real Scheeren. He requested to go abroad and was sent to Hangzhou as a secretariat. Bai Juyi, who has reached the age of "knowing the destiny", is no longer the angry youth who only sings disgusting and wants to be known by the son of heaven. His attitude towards life is more calm, detached and calm, which gives him a more suitable mood to see the world, enjoy the scenery and taste life. Bai Juyi is no stranger to Hangzhou. As a teenager, due to the constant war in his hometown of Henan, he went south to his cousin who was a county magistrate in Hangzhou and lived here for a period of time. The feelings planted in his early years made his affinity for Hangzhou exceed his yearning for it. More than 30 years have passed, are the flowers and trees on the West Lake still the same? All this has undoubtedly been bothering him. The appointment of Hangzhou is just what he wants. He went to his post very easily and happily. On the way, he wrote a wonderful landscape writing system, Ode to Mujiang (the sunset spreads in the water). After arriving in Hangzhou, he was even more poetic, leaving behind a series of immortal masterpieces depicting the beautiful scenery here, among which "Spring Tour in Qiantang River" is one:
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.
Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
This poem is considered to be the spring of the third year of Changqing (823). Bai Juyi arrived in Hangzhou at the end of last year, and there were many official duties that needed urgent handover. In addition, the winter scenery of the West Lake is slightly inferior to other seasons, so Bai Juyi did not stay for sightseeing. It was hard to wait until the next spring came. As soon as nature revealed some news of spring, Bai Juyi couldn't wait to come to the West Lake.
The first sentence of the poem illustrates the poet's foothold in appreciating the West Lake, and it is also the starting point of the poet's "spring outing", which determines the angle for the development of the whole picture below. "Gushan" is located between Lihu Lake and Waihu Lake in the West Lake, so it is named because it is not connected with other mountains. According to the five dynasties Wang Shu's Tang Yulin, Volume VI: "During the Zhenyuan period (785-804), Jia Quan was from Hangzhou and built a pavilion in the West Lake, named Jia Gongting." Bai Juyi's pavilion was built by Jia Quan this spring, but it has been more than twenty years. "Jia Gong Pavilion" still exists, but it is difficult to find its trace now. According to Bai Juyi's poems, Jia Gongting is also on the north side of Gushan Mountain, and the starting point of Bai Juyi's trip is about the middle section of Beishan Road on the west bank of West Lake today. Anyone who has been to the West Lake knows that this is a good angle to see the scenery of the West Lake. From here, people's line of sight can be extended like a fan, and they can see Lixi Lake at a glance. Through Bai Causeway, they can see the more open and farther lake surface of Waixi Lake, which is known far and near, and the beauty of the West Lake is under their eyes.
The second sentence is always written When the poet came to the lake, he naturally looked around first in order to have a complete grasp of the scene of the West Lake at this time. I saw the spring water emerge, and the lake turned from a shallow drought in winter to a full swing, as if it contained infinite vitality. "Chuping" is not necessarily the most full, but it means that it is in the ascendant and has a continuous upward momentum, which can arouse the excitement of the audience more than stable saturation. Because when a thing is at its best, it is not necessarily the moment when it reaches its heyday, but often when it is prosperous. The drooping of cloud feet is also a unique sight in spring. It seems that it is possible to make rain and breed everything at any time. In a word, spring has come, and all things in nature wake up from hibernation and become so active that they are pregnant with changes all the time.
What is worth pondering is the poet's brushwork. Whether it is to explain the standpoint of viewing or to describe the scene on the lake in general, he does not describe it mechanically. Write the position, he suddenly north and west; Writing about scenery, he goes up and down. Changes from left to right, echoes from top to bottom, ups and downs, vaguely reveal the poet's excited and leisurely, affectionate and calm viewing mentality, and set a relaxed and lively emotional tone for the whole poem.
If the first couplet always writes about the mountains, rivers and temples of the West Lake like a long shot, then this couplet is to look back, do partial close-ups, and deliberately depict the flowers and birds of the West Lake in early spring. The poet still does not make a dull and static description, but expresses it in a questioning tone. Writing about early warblers fighting for trees and asking "how many places" shows that it is not everywhere; Write a new swallow pecking at the mud and ask "whose family", which shows that it is not every family. This not only accurately depicts the unique scenery of early spring, but also vividly shows the poet's own attitude of thinking, laughing and laughing when he was fascinated by the early warbler fighting for trees and suddenly attracted by the passing swallows. Fang's evaluation of this poem "the image is interesting, and someone is there, which is better than a dead sentence" (quoted from Gao Buting's Poems of Tang and Song Dynasties) is profound.
In a few words, the poet pushed his eyes away slightly, with distant observation, and turned to focus on the flowers and plants of the West Lake in early spring. The Yingying in the first antithetical couplet is smart, while the poets are basically motionless, looking around and looking around. The flowers and plants in this combination are static, but the poet still refuses to make a static description. He turned his back on the guests and let himself move, and the motionless flowers and plants moved. If you don't understand this static position change between the poet and the scenery, you can't understand why flowers are "disorderly flowers" and how flowers can charm your eyes; Why does "shallow grass" come with "no" and "horseshoe" instead of "horseshoe" stepping on "shallow grass" in fact, flowers are not "chaotic" and are not intended to attract people. This is just the subjective feeling of the poet riding all the way. The scenery in the first four sentences is moving, but the whole picture itself is not moving. This connection makes the scene in the picture basically motionless, but the whole picture switches quickly, which constitutes a kind of dynamic and static interleaving. At the same time, "gradual desire", "talent" and "Chuping" echo each other, once again highlighting the characteristics of the early spring scenery.
At the end of the poem, the poet turned his eyes back to the white sand land and the east lake in the distance, and described the general outline of the West Lake to match the poem and make the whole poem more complete. If the first six sentences are true, then these two sentences are empty; If the first six sentences are affectionate scenes, then these two sentences are affectionate scenes. The poet finally couldn't restrain his happy attachment and expressed his "favorite". At the same time, it also leads readers' eyes to a broader realm. The dike marks are faint, the trees are hidden, and everything is so beautiful and hazy. Readers can use their imagination and develop rich associations on the basis of enjoying various landscapes ahead. The combination of reality and fiction expands the artistic conception of the whole poem.
What we can analyze is the techniques of this poem, which the poet probably used after careful layout or without thinking. But skill alone can't write a good poem. Bai Juyi's unparalleled love for nature and the perfect combination of immortal talent and the beautiful scenery of the West Lake are the fundamental reasons why this poem has become one of the most beautiful movements praising the West Lake. The West Lake in Hangzhou is famous in the world, which cannot be separated from the touching praise of many literati. In this parade, we can't forget Bai Juyi, and we can't forget this song "Qiantang Spring Tour". (Liao Kebin)
Appreciation 3
Scene of West Lake Spring Paradise in Yanwu, Ying Ge
Colorful and romantic taishouhuake
-Appreciation of Bai Juyi's Seven-Rhyme Poem "Spring Tour in Qiantang"
Bai Juyi was appointed as the history of Hangzhou in July of the second year of Changqing (AD 822), and became the history of Suzhou in March of Bao Liyuan (AD 825). Therefore, this "Qiantang Spring Tour" should be written in the spring of the third or fourth year of Changqing. Qiantang Lake is another name for West Lake.
In the history of China, many famous people have been studying history in Hangzhou, a paradise. But the most famous are Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo, two great writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties. They not only left their achievements in Hangzhou, but also circulated many poems describing the beauty of Hangzhou and its West Lake, so some people called them "romantic satrap". Bai Juyi's "Spring Tour in Qiantang" is a well-known one. This poem not only depicts the charming spring scenery of the West Lake and the vitality of everything bathed in the spring scenery, but also shows the poet's own state of mind intoxicated by this beautiful scenery, which makes people unconsciously attracted by the author's love for spring and spring while enjoying the intoxicating scenery of the West Lake.
"Gushan Temple is north of Jiating West, and the water level is low." The first sentence of the poem is the place, and the second sentence is the vision. The lonely mountain is located between the back lake and the outer lake of the West Lake, with overlapping peaks and emerald green hills, and there is a lonely mountain temple on it, which is beautiful to climb and see. Jia Ting, also known as Jia Gongting, was published in Tang Yulin for six years. During the Zhenyuan period, when Jia Quan was appointed as a historian in Hangzhou, he built a pavilion in the West Lake. The clothes rack is called Jiagongting, which will not be abandoned after 50 or 60 years. Zhenyuan is the national title of Tang Dezong, from 780 to 805. When Bai Juyi wrote this poem, his pavilion was still there and it was also a scenic spot in the West Lake. At first, Bai Juyi came to the north of Gushan Temple and the west of Jiagongting. Looking around, I saw spring water rippling, clouds hanging low, lakes and mountains. Chuping expresses Bai Juyi's unique feelings about the West Lake in spring. Due to the continuous spring rain, today's lake looks much higher than in winter, and seems to be at the same level as the line of sight. This feeling that the water surface is flush with the line of sight is only possible for people facing the vast water surface, and it is also a feeling that can be written by people who have a deep understanding and love for the West Lake. At this moment, the calm water at the foot and the low-hanging cloud curtain in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake. When the poet was silently watching the virgin charm of the West Lake, the crisp birdsong came from his ear, which broke his meditation, so he withdrew his sight from the intersection of water and clouds and found himself in a beautiful world full of spring.
"A few early warblers compete for warm trees, and young Ru Yan pecks at new mud. Flowers are more and more attractive, but weeds don't have horseshoes. " These four sentences are the core of Bai Juyi's poem, which is also the most striking sentence, and also the finishing touch of Bai's poems describing spring scenery, especially the spring scenery of the West Lake. A few places, that is, a few places, or even many places. Using "early" to describe orioles shows Bai Juyi's sincere love for these little life full of vitality: orioles in the trees are busy grabbing the "warm tree" that first sees the sun in the morning, for fear that they will not catch up soon. The word "struggle" makes people feel that spring is rare and precious. I don't know whose swallow is under the eaves. At this time, it is also busy making a nest with mud, and uses a word "peck" to describe the busy and excited expression of the swallow, which seems to bring life to the swallow. These two sentences deliberately describe the dynamics of Yingying Yanyan, thus making the whole poem full of vitality and vitality in spring. Huang oriole is recognized as a spring singer. Listening to their euphemistic voices makes people feel the charm of spring. Swallows are migratory birds. They returned to their hometown with spring, busy rebuilding their homes and welcoming a new life. Watching them fly around building nests makes people feel the beauty of life even more.
After anthropomorphic description of the birds in the sky, Bai Juyi turned his eyes to the vegetation under his feet. "Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes." This is also an emotional and energetic description of the scenery, which fully shows Bai Juyi's careful observation of the object of description and accurate grasp of its characteristics. As far as flowers are concerned, they are chaotic and even confuse the eyes of flower watchers. In other people's poems, this kind of writing is rare, and this unique feeling is just Bai Juyi's personal experience when enjoying the scenery of the West Lake. Colorful flowers are blooming all over Shan Ye. Against the backdrop of lakes and mountains, Bai Juyi has no idea where to look and how to tell the difference between them. The phrase "flowers are getting more and more charming" means to stop and look closely, while "shallow grass can't have horseshoes" is already an outing on horseback. It is a pleasant thing to travel freely with two or three friends by the West Lake, where the grass grows and the flowers bloom. The horse seems to be aware of the relaxed and carefree interest of its owner on its back. Slowly, the poet inadvertently caught a glimpse of the scene of horseshoe ups and downs on the grass, which was particularly interesting. He couldn't help writing it into his own poem. Unexpectedly, it was a random stroke, but it added a lot of lively interest and elegant leisure to the whole poem. Belinsky, a famous aesthete, once said: "In any case, beauty emanates from the depths of the soul, because natural scenery cannot be absolutely beautiful, and this beauty is hidden in the souls of those who create or observe them." Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang just illustrates this aesthetic of truth. Because no matter how beautiful the scenery of the West Lake is, there will be some unsatisfactory places, but in Bai Juyi's eyes, it is undoubtedly the most beautiful scenery in the world, because he is not only good at observing, but also good at discovering and experiencing. Nowadays, we often feel that it is better to visit the scenery than to listen to it, or to listen to friends' introductions, or in film and television scenery films. When we hear and see beautiful scenery, we can't help but feel infinite yearning. However, once we get there, we often feel that it is far from what we imagined. This is because we can't look at the natural landscape with the eyes of discovery and appreciation, but we should travel with preconceived, excessive and even some critical eyes. Imagine how many wonderful spring scenery the West Lake has shown people through the ages. How many people have witnessed the spring scenery of Xizi Lake? But in the end, I can only recite a few works by several great poets. Isn't it only when the great writer Su Like Dongpo comes that the West Lake will proudly show her amazing beauty? Birds in the West Lake will not "warm trees" and "peck at spring mud" until they meet the great poet Bai Juyi. In fact, no matter when and where, the West Lake is the most beautiful. Don't we also know the famous saying: "The West Lake is better than the West Lake, and thick makeup is always appropriate."
Bai Juyi has such a rare aesthete's appreciation eye that he can find its moving place among countless tourists in the West Lake and truly enjoy this paradise on earth given by nature. Bai Juyi didn't see many "early warblers" and "new swallows", only "a few places" and only "whose home". If so, we may feel sorry that we didn't smell the sound of warblers everywhere and that every family smelled of swallows. We wish we had come ten and a half days late. However, Bai Juyi doesn't think so. There are few advantages. It is because of scarcity that "early warbler" and "new swallow" feel the joy of spring. If the poet doesn't have a young heart and a heart that loves life and spring, I'm afraid he won't be moved and intoxicated by these spring herald newspapers, but will happily write this touching poem. It is precisely because of this that he can smell the flowers and plants, see the beautiful scenery of the fragrant grass, be fascinated by the wild flowers dotted everywhere, and sigh for the grass that has not crossed the horseshoe. When you think about it, the grass without horseshoes is actually the most common. There is no need to rush to Xizi Lake to see this lawn in spring, but it can be found in our street green space. However, I am afraid that there is a striking sign between us and the lawn: "Please don't trample on the lawn". Therefore, the closeness between everything and nature has become a serious warning in an instant. Nowadays, people in cities are indifferent to natural landscapes rather than artificial ones.
However, Bai Juyi is lucky, because he has a pair of eyes to discover beauty and spring, so he can't help but even linger on the beautiful scenery of the West Lake: "I love the lack of lake in the east and the white sand embankment in the shade of Qingyang." Baisha dike, that is, Bai Causeway, is also called sand dike or broken bridge dike. The West Lake is surrounded by mountains on three sides, and Bai Causeway runs through it. On the east side of the lake, it commands the victory of the whole lake. When Bai Juyi was a historian in Hangzhou, he did build dikes to store water and irrigate people's fields. However, his levee is north of Qiantangmen, but later generations mistook Bai Causeway for a levee built for nothing.
This poem is like a short and pithy travelogue, starting from Gushan and Jiating and ending in Hudong and Bai Causeway. Along the way, in the paradise-like beauty, I sang and danced to my heart's content, intoxicated by the flowers and birds. Finally, I walked back step by step along the white sand embankment and under the Liu Yin, and reluctantly left. My ears are still echoing the hymn of spring played by everything, and I can't help but shed a beautiful poem "Qiantang Spring Tour" full of natural integration.
In fact, Bai Juyi's keen observation and experience of spring or beautiful things expressed in this poem is very common among many ancient poets. Only in this way can they, like Bai Juyi, find it with joy when they first arrive in spring, be moved by it, stimulate their desire to create, write touching poems and leave rich aesthetic enjoyment for future generations. Like Bai Juyi, he won't feel sorry because there are only a few orioles singing in the tree and only a few swallows nesting under the eaves. On the contrary, he will feel that the pace of spring is getting closer and closer, and he will feel very happy, thus writing such a touching poem as "How many early birds compete to warm the tree, and whose swallow pecks at the new mud". There are many examples For example, there is a famous poem by Han Yu describing early spring, which is not to praise the beautiful scenery when bloom is warm in spring, but to show people a scene full of vitality and hope.
Responder: Crystal Butterfly 2008- Trainee Magician Level 2 1-4 19:56
Qiantang Lake, also known as West Lake, is one of the famous scenic spots in China. When we mention the West Lake, we will naturally think of Su Shi's famous sentence "If you want to compare the West Lake with the West, light makeup is always appropriate." After reading this poem by Bai Juyi, I seem to really see the smiling face of Shi. The poem describes the charming spring scenery of the West Lake in early spring as seen by the poet riding a horse, shows the vitality of everything in the bath of spring scenery, shapes the poet's own image, creates an artistic conception of gratifying spring scenery and abundant business, and expresses his love for the early spring scenery and his quiet and comfortable mood.
[Introduction to the author]
Bai Juyi (772-846), whose name was Lotte, was named Xiangshan layman and drunk. His ancestral home was Taiyuan (now Shaanxi), and his great-grandfather Bai Wen moved to Xiaguan (now Weinan, Shaanxi), so he was a great realistic poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's poems are rich in subject matter, profound in content, simple in expression, appropriate and fluent. There are nearly 3,000 existing white poems, the number of which should be the largest among poets in the Tang Dynasty. He once divided his poems into four categories: satire, leisure, sentimentality and heteronomy. What he is most proud of and valuable is his satirical poems. In literature, he advocated that "articles should be written in time, and songs and poems should be written for things", emphasized inheriting the fine tradition of realism in China's classical poetry, and opposed works without other sustenance. He is an advocate of the new Yuefu movement and plays an important role in the history of literature. The long narrative poems "Song of Eternal Sorrow" and "Whispering" represent his highest artistic achievements.
[Background Introduction]
Bai Juyi was appointed as the history of Hangzhou in July of the second year of Changqing (AD 822), and became the history of Suzhou in March of Bao Liyuan (AD 825). Therefore, this "Qiantang Spring Tour" should be written in the spring of the third or fourth year of Changqing.
[Text Notes]
Spring outing: a walk in spring.
Gushan Temple: On Gushan Mountain in Bai Causeway, West Lake.
Jia Ting: Jia Gongting, built by Jia Quan, the secretariat of Hangzhou in the Tang Dynasty, no longer exists today.
Chuping: From a distance, the water surface of the West Lake seems to be just flush with the shore and the scenery on the shore.
Cloud foot: In ancient Chinese, the drooping image was called "foot" and the lower part of the falling rain was called "foot of rain". This refers to the drooping clouds.
Warm tree: a tree facing the sun.
Miscellaneous flowers: refers to a large number of open spring flowers.
Shallow grass: grass in early spring, although abundant, is not very tall.
No (mò): Disappear.
Hudong: Taking Gushan as a reference, Baisha Dike (namely Bai Causeway) is in the northeast of Gushan.
Insufficient travel: insufficient travel, that is, repeated travel.
[hierarchy]
The first couplet focuses on the big picture and writes about the scenery seen by Gushan Temple. The first sentence is position, and the second sentence is vision. "Chuping" refers to spring water, which is slightly flat with the embankment. "Low cloud feet" means that the white clouds are low and connected with the lake, and the outline of early spring is outlined. The calm water at the foot and the low-hanging cloud curtain in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake.
The poems written by Zhuan Xu were seen by poets during their travels. Yingying is a singer in spring, and everyone is competing to fly to the sunny tree to sing; Yan, the messenger of spring, has begun to build nests with mud and is full of vitality. Using "jujube" to describe oriole reflects Bai Juyi's sincere love for these vibrant little lives. The word "struggle" makes people feel that spring is rare and precious. Using a word "peck" to describe the busy and excited appearance of the swallow seems to bring the swallow back to life. These two sentences deliberately describe the dynamics of Yingying Yanyan, thus making the whole poem full of vitality and vitality in spring.
Writing flowers and plants in neck couplets focuses on the poet's feelings. The horse walked briskly on the shallow grass and looked at the flowers for a long time. His eyes were full of colorful flowers, which made people dizzying and puzzled. This pair of couplets and the first pair of couplets are the core of this poem, and they are also the crowning touch to describe the spring scenery in the white poem, especially the spring scenery in the West Lake. This is an emotional and energetic description of the scenery, which fully shows Bai Juyi's careful observation of the object of description and his accurate grasp of its characteristics.
At the end of the poem, the scenery of Baishadi is written, which directly expresses the poet's joy. The "lack of lines" is due to the lack of sight, which shows that the poet lingers.
[Significance of Poetry Translation]
From the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake just overlaps with the dike and white clouds and is connected with the waves on the lake.
Several early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree, and the new swallows were nesting with spring mud in their mouths.
Countless colorful spring flowers gradually fascinated people's eyes, and the shallow spring grass just covered the horseshoe.
I like the beautiful scenery in the east of the West Lake best. I haven't visited it enough, especially the white sand embankment under the green shade.
[Appreciation of Poetry]
From the northern foot of Gushan Mountain to the present Pinghu and Bai Causeway Autumn Moon, the poet reported the information of spring to people all the way: the lake is full of spring water, the trees are full of spring warblers, Chun Yan is in the air, the spring flowers are blooming on the shore, and the spring grass is just green. The poet's keen and delicate brushwork makes people realize that the West Lake is wearing spring clothes in a stretch. The poet praised the spring scenery of the West Lake and pointed out that he loved walking on the white sand embankment. There is water on both sides of Bai Causeway, and willows and peach trees are planted on both sides of the embankment. Walking on the Bai Causeway in spring, the lake is at your feet, and you seem to be walking on the water; Willow branches in early spring, like smoke and fog, like silk, come to your face and make your heart swell with infinite tenderness and infinite love. You are like in a dream and a fairyland. When you walk on the Bai Causeway in spring, you can better appreciate the poet's feelings and moods when he wrote this poem.
The theme of the whole poem is mainly on the word "travel", closely following the word "spring outing" to describe the scenery. But the West Lake is too big and the journey is too long, so the poet only intercepts a paragraph to write-from the north of Gushan Temple to Baisha Land. After reading this poem, we naturally have the feeling of enjoying the early spring scenery of the West Lake with the poet.
[poetic features]
The whole poem has tight structure, strict meter, neat antithesis, fluent language and vivid and natural tone, which embodies the characteristics of popularity and fluency. Generally speaking, the poet describes the spring on the lake and is good at describing the scenery on the way. He chose the combination of typical and classified arrangement: he wrote four most beautiful spring scenes in the middle and chose the combination of animals and plants, which was unique. He is also good at grasping the characteristics of the scenery and using the most expressive words to describe and render it.
[Innovative reading]
Idle pen is not idle (text /Tom Chang)
Poetry is precious and exquisite, and there is no room for idle writing. It's a idle pen and should be deleted. However, some words seem to be idle, but they are not idle. If you read them carefully, there will be another rhythm in the idle pen. That kind of deep poetry is often not read, but tasted.
Bai Juyi's "Qiantang Spring Tour", the middle four sentences are: "A few early warblers compete for warm trees, whose new swallow pecks at spring mud. Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes. " Some poetry critics have pointed out that there are too many idle pens in the four sentences. By free writing, he means "a few places", "whose youth is young", "gradual desire" and "talent". After the deletion, the poem is "the early warbler fights for the warm tree, and the new swallow pecks the spring mud." The flowers are charming, and the shallow grass has no hooves. " As far as the chanting scene is concerned, all the images and pictures of the original poem come out. But the poet wrote "spring outing", not "spring scenery". He wanted the spring scenery of the West Lake to flow with his "trip". Without these eight words, spring scenery remains the same; With these eight words, the still picture will flow.