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"Going to Mount Huangshan Lingtai to send my brother Ji Chong boating in Huayin" (hereinafter referred to as "Deng") is one of Li Bai's farewell poems. Mr. Zhan wrote this poem in May of the 13th year of Tianbao, and Mr. Qu Tuiyuan and Mr. Zhu Jincheng wrote in Notes on Li Bai: "I don't know when this poem was written."
Is Zhan's statement accurate? When was the poem Deng? This paper intends to make a brief comment on this issue. This farewell poem written by Li Bai is somewhat different from other farewell poems written for friends to exchange treasures. As commented in "Don't Cut Poems of Tang Dynasty": "The idea of seeing the army at the turning point cannot be written off at once, nor can it be sloppy." Therefore, it is particularly important to explain the title of the poem reasonably and understand the poem correctly for grasping the age of writing the poem.
Mr. Zhan's explanation of the title of the poem is: "This poem is given to Danyang Li and city by the sea." To be precise, the giver is Li Ji. It seems inappropriate to suspect that the word "filling" is an extension. Wang Qi bet on Deng as a poem and said, "Be a whole." According to this note, charging boating is unified boating. This solution is very. The meaning of boating comes from Zuo Zhuan. "In the fourteenth year of Nuo, Qin lost his money in gold, and since then, Yong and Jiang have been boating." Li Bai also made it very clear in the poem Deng: "I am sad because of the boating service." It can be seen that Li Bai went to Huangshan Lingtai to see Ji off, not only because he was going to sail to Huayin, but more importantly, he was in service. He was going to lead a grain carrier to transport grain and rice to Luoyang West. Why did Li Ji "go boating in Huayin"? In the poem "Deng", it is interpreted as "Wu Qin is covered with vegetation and the south clouds are noisy." Obviously, only by figuring out what is "Wu Qin vegetation, south clouds buzzing" and when it happened, can we infer the time of writing poetry.
After Li Bai's sentence "Wu Qin is covered with vegetation and the south clouds are noisy", he used the phrase "You cut down on jade rice and get up early to think about crowing chickens. Cao Cao draws attention to the rescue, and the tired are free from smearing mud. The prime minister makes the rain and the farmer plows the fields. " Three poems explain the reasons for boating in detail. Among them, "the prime minister makes rain, and the farmer cultivates the fields", which clearly shows the scene of long drought and early rain. Visible "Wu Qin vegetation" actually refers to the drought in Guanzhong. What's the explanation of "South Cloud Drum"? Wang Qi believes that officials are begging for rain to "cut bamboo tubes"; Jane. Mr. Wang interpreted it as the same thing as "Yunnan frequently lost the teacher of Lu's family in mid-May" (Li Bai's "Poems for the Chang Zan of Nanling"), that is, the battle of Yunnan. Zhan Jie is more reasonable. As for the drought in Guanzhong, according to the Book of Old Tang Dynasty, there were two droughts in Tianbao. First, for six years in Tianbao, "it doesn't rain from May to autumn and July"; Second, in the ninth year of Tianbao, "there was a long drought in March, and the system stopped sealing Xiyue. In May, Geng Yin was imprisoned in drought." There are also two wars in Yunnan: first, in April of the tenth year of Tianbao, when the South was built, Xianyu Zhongtong was defeated by Xi 'er River; Second, in June of the 13th year of Tianbao, Mina Lee was defeated by Xi 'er River. Li Bai's poem "Deng" was written in the middle of May of Yanhe River, but in May of Tianbao six years, it did not rain, so the drought in Guanzhong mentioned in the poem "Deng" will not refer to the one in Tianbao six years; Although "Nanyun Drum" refers to the war in Yunnan, it is not clear that it is the time when "Yunnan frequently lost its Lushi division in mid-May", so it can refer to the time spent in Natural Forest Protection for ten years or thirteen years. Obviously, Li Bai's poem "Deng" was first thought to be after Tianbao in April ten years ago, and the place must be Dangtu. In April of the tenth year of Tianbao, Li Bai had a trip to Youzhou and entered Chang 'an in the early spring of the twelfth year. I'm going back to Liangyuan, Henan soon. /kloc-In the autumn of 0/2, he went south from Liangyuan to Xuancheng. In the thirteenth year, he left Wei Wan of Jinling and traveled to Xuancheng and Dangtu. So, ten years later, in Tianbao April,
Li Bai is most likely to be in Dangtu, only when Tianbao came to Dangtu from Jinling thirteen years after he left Weiwan. In May of the thirteenth year of Tianbao, Li was in Dangtu, and the poem Deng was probably written at that time. However, the investigation of Li Bai's whereabouts shows that Li Bai was still traveling with Wei Wan in Jinling in May of the 13th year of Tianbao. At the beginning of the 13th year of Tianbao, Wei Wanxun met Li Bai in Yangzhou. Soon after, he went to Jinling from Qinhuai and traveled together for several months. On another occasion, Li Bai wrote "Send Shan Weiwan to the Palace", and the poem said: "I will not be afraid of people until May makes me speak."
At the end of Wei Wan's poem "Jinling Appreciates the Hanlin Immortal", he said, "It's not far from here, so I'll go to the Immortal Mountain in autumn". Obviously, the beginning of another period of time for Li Bai and Wei Wan in Jinling was "after May and before autumn" (Zhan? "Li Bai's Poetry and Ode Year"). In this way, Li Bai could not climb Huangshan Mountain in Dangtu alone, but went to see Ji off in May of the thirteenth year of Tianbao. However, from the summer of the thirteenth year of Tianbao to the autumn of the fourteenth year, Li Bai stayed in Dangtu for a long time, as evidenced by poems such as "Dangtu Zhao Shaofu painted landscape songs in pink" and "Summer Accompanied Sima Wugong and Qunxian Banquet Pavilion". It is obviously desirable to postpone the writing time of the poem Deng until May of Tianbao 14th year. On the one hand, it can be consistent with the historical events mentioned in the poem, and on the other hand, it can take care of Li Bai's wandering in Dangtu. Of course, there seems to be something wrong with tying the poem Deng to the fourteenth year of Tianbao in May. The drought in Guanzhong described by Li Bai in his poem Deng has been five years since he wrote this poem. Why bring up the past five years ago? Moreover, in August of the twelfth year of Tianbao, floods and droughts occurred in Guanzhong, and the capital was expensive; In the autumn of the thirteenth year of Tianbao, Chang 'an was flooded, prices soared and many people were short of food. In this case, there must also be a rowing service that "leads Cao to save". The poem Deng was written in May of the 14th year of Tianbao. Why didn't it mention what happened recently, but wrote about the drought a few years ago? The author thinks that Li Bai entered Chang 'an in the early spring of the twelfth year of Tianbao. In Beijing, he heard a lot about the drought in Guanzhong and the war in Yunnan two or three years ago, and he was deeply impressed. Soon, he left Beijing for Liangyuan and went south to Xuancheng. After being far away from Chang 'an, I was not impressed by the floods and droughts in Guanzhong after August of Tianbao 12th year, or I haven't heard of them. So, when I went to Huangshan to row Li Ji to Huayin, I thought that Li Ji played a role in saving Guanfu, so what I saw and heard in Beijing came back to my eyes. When I wrote it, I naturally recalled the past.