Original poem: Xia Meng Xi, lush vegetation. Sadness is always sadness, gurgling in the south. It's embarrassing. Kong Jing is very humorous. The knot is awkward and the long bow is long. Affection is effective, but injustice is self-repression. We felt awkward, but we didn't change it. It's easy to start from the west, and a gentleman is contemptuous. Zhang's painting is full of pen and ink, but the previous picture has not changed. The inside is thick and the quality is positive, which is praised by adults. Very clever, but what is right? Metaphysics is secluded, and it is said that there are no articles. It's a little embarrassing to go out of the building, but it's unknown. When you turn white, you think it is black, but when you go up, you think it is down. When the phoenix emperor is in the sky, the chicken dances. Like jade, but the same. My husband is just party member, but I don't know what I'm hiding. Let the burden flourish, but it will stagnate, which is not good. Huai Jin admired it, but he didn't know what poverty meant. City dogs bark strangely. Valeriana is not handsome and suspicious, but solid and mediocre. Many people don't know what the difference is. I am a fool, but I don't know what I have. Attach importance to benevolence and attack righteousness, and truly think that you are rich. Zhong Hua can't stand it, but I am calm! Ancient times were incompatible with each other, and I'm afraid so! Tang Yu is old and nobody admires her. Punish and change your anger, restrain your heart and strengthen yourself. Stay sensitive, the original ambition is like this. When you enter the road, you will feel embarrassed. Relaxation, entertainment and sadness are limited to the truth.
Chaos said: vast Hunan, diverted to Xi. The road is secluded and there is a long way to go. I am always sad and always lament. I know nothing about this world, and people's hearts can't be described by xi. There is a blue heart, no horse. Without Bole, there is no way to make progress. People's lives are different. If you are determined to have broad ambitions, why are you afraid? I have been hurt and sad, and I will never sigh. I don't know what the world is like, and people's hearts can't be described by xi. Knowing that you can't let go, you don't love. Make it clear to Mr. Wang, and I will feel the same.
Mr. Guo Moruo translated: In early summer, the weather is sunny and the vegetation is lush. I am sad alone and go far to the south. In the sight of a vast, don't recognize the slightest sound. The worry in my heart is unforgettable, how to restore health? Reflect on my ambition,
What's wrong with being wronged I'm stuck in a rut, and I can't be tactful. Do as the Romans do, and where there is a will, there is a way, which is despicable.
Stick to the rules, stick to the rules. Full and correct in heart, praised by people with will. Who knew he was on the right track? Colorful, hidden, blind people say it's not beautiful. Li closed his eyes and the blind man said he was blind. White should be black, high should be low. Phoenix is kept in a cage, and chickens and ducks say it can fly. Jade and stone are mixed together, there is no difference between good and bad. People who are bored and don't know what I like. Great responsibility, heavy burden. I can't afford it.
Take some treasures. I don't know who to tell. Dogs in the village are all in groups, and they bark if they are not common. Describing heroes as monsters is an appetite for ordinary people. I am gentle and knowledgeable, and no one knows my Excellence. I am knowledgeable, but I am the pillar, and no one knows my content. I am kind and loyal, enriching myself. Shun Di is dead and can't be reborn. No one knows my elegant manners. Since ancient times, sages do not have to be at the same time. What is the truth? Yu Xia and Shang Tang are far apart, so they can't be near-re-embodiment. Suppress resentment and seek your own strength. I won't repent even if I am in trouble, so I will set an example for future generations. Like a greedy road, I drove out of the station and it was sunset and dusk. Just spit out my sadness, life has come to an end.
Ending:
The mighty Yuanshui River and Xiangjiang River are rumbling and surging. The long journey is gloomy and the future is boundless. Constantly spit out sadness, sigh forever desolate. Since there is no confidant in the world, who can discuss it? I am sincere, but who can prove it for me? Boleher is dead. Who commented on Maxima? Everyone has a certain endowment, and everyone's life depends on it. I will stand firm in my own interests, never fear death and live a greedy life. Endless sadness makes people sigh deeply. The world is overcast, no one knows me, and there is nothing to say to others. Death is inevitable, and I don't want to cherish my body. Open and aboveboard saints, you are my role models!
Huai Sha is a desperate word written by Qu Yuan, a poet of Chu State, before he died. It probably means hugging sand and letting yourself sink. The content is that the author has always been associated with the realization of his ideal and ambition in telling his own misfortune and sentimentality, hoping to finally shock and inspire the monarch with his own physical death, arouse the spiritual awakening of the people and the monarch, and express his sigh and singing before he died. Qu Yuan was an important minister of Chu State during the Warring States Period, and also an important scholar of Chu State who spread the knowledge of Huang Lao during the Warring States Period. Therefore, the achievements of Huai Sha and other literary works are related to activities. Their works (Huai Sha and others) are mainly in the form of long poems with flexible syntactic content, and function words are often used at the end of sentences to coordinate syllables, resulting in cadence.
Qu Yuan
Qu Yuan (340-278 BC), a native of Chu in the Warring States Period, was named Mi, Qu, Ping and Yuan. "Li Sao" says: "The name is right and the word is elegant." Chu Danyang (now Xixia in Henan Province or Zigui in Hubei Province) was the earliest romantic poet in China, the descendant of Qu Xian, the son of Xiong Shan in Chu Wuwang, and the first great patriotic poet in the history of China literature. His appearance marks that China's poetry has entered a new era from collective singing to solo.
outline
Qu Yuan (340-278 BC), the earliest romantic poet in China, was originally named Mi (mǐ), whose real name was Ping, the original word was Yuan, the descendant of Qu Xian, the son of Xiong Tong in Chu Wuwang, and the first great patriotic poet in the history of China literature. His appearance marks that China's poetry has entered a new era from collective singing to solo.
Qu Yuan's Life Experience The material for recording Qu Yuan's life experience is Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records, which is earlier and more specific. Before Sima Qian, Jia Yi was relegated to Changsha and paid tribute to Qu Yuan when passing through Xiangshui. This paper quotes some chapters in Qu Yuan's Lisao and Nine Chapters, and recounts Qu Yuan's thoughts and experiences, which are completely consistent with those in Historical Records. At the same time, Sima Qian wrote Seven-character Poetry, and Zhuang (who was afraid of illness and medical treatment in the Eastern Han Dynasty) wrote Mourning Time, all of which imitated Qu Yuan's works. Qu Yuan's thoughts and experiences described in this paper are also close to those described in Historical Records, so Qu Yuan's deeds contained in Historical Records are basically credible. Of course, there are occasional misstatements or historical errors in biographies.
In 340 BC, Qu Yuan was born in Lepingli, San Lv Township, Zigui County. He was studious and ambitious since childhood. In his early years, he was trusted by Chu Huaiwang as Zuo Tu and Dr. San Lv. He often discussed state affairs with him, participated in the formulation of laws, advocated that the law should be clear and the law should be clear, meritocracy should be promoted, politics should be reformed, the Qin Dynasty should be jointly resisted, and "American politics" should be advocated. With the efforts of Qu Yuan, the national strength of Chu State has been enhanced. However, due to his honest and frank personality, he was unwilling to listen to Dr. Shangguan when amending the regulations. In addition, Chu Huaiwang's son Yin Zilan, Shangguan Doctor Jin Shang and his favorite concubine Zheng Xiu were all bought by Zhang Yi, the envoy of Qin State, which not only made Wang Huai unable to accept Qu Yuan's opinion, but also alienated him. In 305 BC, Qu Yuan opposed the conclusion of the Yellow Thorn Alliance between Chu Huaiwang and Qin, but Chu completely embraced Qin. Qu Yuan was expelled from the capital by Chu Huaiwang and began his exile. As a result, Chu Huaiwang was lured by the State of Qin and was imprisoned in the State of Qin under the strong encouragement of his youngest son Zilan and others. After King Xiang of Chu ascended the throne, Qu Yuan continued to be persecuted and exiled to the south of the Yangtze River. In 278 BC, the general of the State of Qin led an army south to attack the capital of Chu. Qu Yuan's political ideal was shattered and he was desperate for the future. Although he wanted to serve his country, he was unable to return to heaven, so he had to die in the Miluo River in May of the same year. Now the fifth day of the fifth lunar month is designated as the Dragon Boat Festival to commemorate Qu Yuan.
"Banknotes waste Zhu, Yang ..."; "I wander in Xupu, but I don't know what I do ..." During my exile, Qu Yuan left many immortal masterpieces for later generations. His works, gorgeous words, strange imagination, novel metaphors and profound connotations have become one of the origins of China literature.
"The blue water is clear, you can lick my tassel; The water in the rough waves is turbid, so you can lick my feet. " After Qu Yuan was exiled, in a conversation with the fisherman, the fisherman advised him to "keep pace with the times" instead of "looking ahead and looking back" and asking for trouble. Qu Yuan said that he would rather die by throwing himself into the river than exposing his innocent body to worldly dust. In the eyes of fishermen, life need not be too lofty. The world is clean and honest, and you can come out as an official; The world is turbid and can rise and fall with the world. As for "thinking deeply and doing high", there is no need to end up in exile. The dialogue between Qu Yuan and the fisherman shows two philosophies of life. In 278 BC, Qin conquered the capital of Chu. On May 5th of that year, in despair and grief, Qu Yuan threw a big stone into the Miluo River and died. The Dragon Boat Festival is said to have come from this.
family member
Qu Yuan was born in the nobility of Chu, and like the king of Chu, his surname was Mi. Chu Wuwang Xiong Tong's son was sealed in Qu Di, and Qu Yuan was his descendant. He took the place name Qu as his surname, which was different from the surname Xiong of the monarch. The surname comes from Zhu Rongshi, Zhuan Xu of the Yellow Emperor; Yi people migrated from Shang Dynasty to southern Chu area. When it reached Xiong Yi, he was sealed in Chu because of his merits and lived in Danyang (now Zigui County, Hubei Province). This is Qu Yuan's hometown. At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, about the 7th century BC, Xiong Tong's son was sealed in this place called Qu County, and his descendants took Qu as their surname. The king of Chu's own family is similar to Qu's, but if it is arrogant and harmonious? Family; During the Warring States Period, Zhao and Jing, Zhao, Qu and Jing were the three surnames of the royal family of Chu. Qu can last from the early Spring and Autumn Period to the end of the Warring States Period, and has always maintained the hegemonic position of Chu. This family can be described as enduring. Qu Yuan used to be a doctor in San Lv. It is said that he was in charge of royal affairs.
Qu Yuan belongs to the family of the King of Chu, and it was called "Gongzu" or "Gongfu" at that time, so his relationship with Chu was of course different. The descendants of Qu, such as Qu Zhong, Qu Wan, Qu Dao and Qu Jian, all held important positions in Chu State. Qu Yuan's father's name is Bo Yong. In Qu Yuan's generation, not many people became great officials, only Qu Yuan and Qu Gai, a general who was later captured by Qin State. Qu Yuan's Chu Ci "Nine Chapters, Cherish the Recitation": "Forget poverty suddenly". Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet, may have lost his nobility at that time! Main work
* * * There are 25 articles entitled: Nine Songs, Evocation, Tian Wen, Li Sao, Nine Chapters and Buju. The Fisherman was recorded by Sima Qian. At the same time, Qu Yuan created romantic poems in China. Most of his works are included in Chu Ci edited by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty.