Li Bai
Have you seen how the Yellow River's waters move out of heaven and entering the ocean, never to return?
have you seen how lovely locks in bright mirrors in high chambers and though silken-black at morning, have changed by night to snow?
oh, let a man of spirit venture where he pleases, and never tip his golden cup empty toward the moon!.
since heaven gave the talent, let it be employed!, spin a thousand pieces of silver, all of them come back!.
cook a sheep, kill a cow, whet the appetite, and make me, of three hundred bowls, one long drink!.
master cen, Dan qiusheng: don't stop drinking.
let me sing you a song!, please listen to me.
what are bell and drum, rare dishes and treasure?, I wish I'd stay drunk forever.
sober men of olden days and sages are forgotten, and only the great drinkers are famous for all time.
prince Chen paid at a banquet in the Palace of Perfection, ten thousand coins for a cask of wine, with many a laugh and quip.
why say, my host, that your money is gone?, go and buy wine and we'll drink it together!.
Five Flowers Horse, Thousand Golden Qius, hand them to the boy to exchange for good wine,
With you, I will share my worries for ever.
Interpretation of Poetry
Don't you see that the surging water of the Yellow River seems to pour from the sky? It rolls east, rushes to the East China Sea, and never returns. Didn't you see, facing the mirror in the high hall, deeply lamenting that white hair? In the morning, my hair is still full, but in the evening it becomes like snow. Therefore, when life is proud, we should enjoy ourselves and never let the golden cup empty against the bright moon. Since God has made me a pillar, I will definitely be useful. Even if I have exhausted 2, pieces of gold, I will get it back. Let's enjoy cooking sheep and slaughtering cattle. Let's meet today, and we really want to drink to 3. Master Cen and Dan Qiusheng, please drink quickly and don't stop. I'll sing a song for you. Please listen carefully for me. The luxurious life of enjoying rich food in the sound of bells and drums is not precious. I hope I will never be drunk and not awake. Since ancient times, all those sages have felt lonely, and only those who send love and wine can leave a good name. In the past, Cao Zhi, the king of Chen, held a big banquet in Pingle Temple, even though a bucket of wine was worth 1 yuan, and he drank freely. Master, why do you say that there is not much money? Go and buy wine quickly so that we can drink enough together. Bring in the precious five-legged horse, take out the expensive golden fur, and exchange it all for wine. Let's * * * together to melt this endless eternal sorrow!
Appreciation of Poetry
It's a pleasure in life to have a party with friends, and it's just at the time of "being short of talent", so I show my love for wine poetry to the fullest. The poet's emotions and literary thoughts are unstoppable at this moment; Like a river pouring into the sea.
as time goes by, it's like a river entering the sea and never coming back; Life is too short to see the blue silk and white snow in the morning and evening; The smallness of life seems to be an irreparable tragedy, and the only thing that can solve the worries is golden wine. This is Li Bai's sadness: sad but strong, sad but not hurt, extremely indignant and extremely bold. The table is lamenting that life is easy to get old, while the table is lamenting that talent is not met. The disillusionment of the ideal was caused by the dark society, and the poet was unable to change it, so he turned his soaring anger into a bold act of pleasure, venting his dissatisfaction, dispelling his worries and resisting reality.
The whole article is full of ups and downs, and the poetic sentiment is suddenly unfolding, from sadness to joy, to madness, to anger, and then to madness. Finally, it comes down to "eternal sorrow", which responds to the beginning of the article, such as a river flowing freely, and can carry the tripod. The whole poem is full of five tones, with uneven sentence patterns and extraordinary weather. This article is as ingenious as a ghost axe, which is enough to shock the world and make the gods cry. It is the pinnacle of Li Bai, a poet.
Li Bai's poems about wine can express his personality very well. This kind of poems is certainly more profound in ideological content and more mature in artistic expression than those made by Chang An after his release. "Coming into Wine" is his masterpiece.
Jiang Jin Jiu was originally the tune of the short flute and cymbal song of Han Yuefu, and its title was literally "Song of persuading wine", so the ancient word "Jiang Jin Jiu, take Dabai" goes. The author's famous poem "Fill it in to express one's own feelings" (Xiao Shiyun's Classified Supplementary Notes on Li Taibai's Poems) was written in the eleventh year of Tianbao (752). At that time, he and his friend Cenxun lived in Yingyang Mountain, another friend of Songshan Mountain, and the three of them tasted the climbing banquet ("Reward Cenxun, find out, treat Yuan Danqiu with poetry": "Don't be thousands of miles away, treat wine with poetry." In the middle of the Yuan Dynasty, Danqiu, Dengling feast Bixiao. I suddenly think about me when I drink, and I scream and scream. " ）。 The best thing in life is to make friends at a cocktail party, and the author is at the moment of "embracing the talents of the world but not meeting each other" (Xiao Shiyun), so he is full of ill-timed wine and poetry, and has a incisive expression.
the beginning of the poem is two groups of long sentences, such as rushing to the reader with the wind and rain. "Don't you see how the Yellow River's waters move out of heaven, entering the ocean, never to return", Yingyang is not far from the Yellow River, so it is fun to climb high. The Yellow River has a long history and a great gap, such as falling from the sky, spilling thousands of miles and going east to the sea. Such a magnificent wave scene can be extremely poor without the naked eye. The author wants to fall out of the sky and "gain from the Tao", which is exaggerated. The last sentence says that the coming of the big river is unstoppable; The next sentence says that the river is gone, and it is irreversible. One rises and one disappears, forming a sigh of relief, which is not available in short sentences (such as "The Yellow River falls into the sky and goes to the East China Sea"). Then, "Don't you see how lovely locks in bright mirrors in high chambers, though silken-black at morning, have changed by night to snow" is like a wave of unrest. If the first two sentences are exaggerations of space category, these two sentences are exaggerations of time category. Lamenting that life is short, instead of bluntly hurting the boss, but saying "how lovely locks in bright mirrors in high chambers", a gesture of scratching one's head and looking at the shadow and crying for help is like painting. It is a reverse exaggeration to describe the whole process of life from youth to aging as a "morning" and "evening" event, and to say that what was originally short is shorter, compared with the previous two sentences, which said that what was originally strong is stronger. Therefore, the first set of parallel long sentences is both metaphorical-the river is gone and never returns, which means that life is perishable, and it also has a contrast effect-and the great eternity of the Yellow River shows the smallness and fragility of life. This beginning can be said to be extremely sad, but not delicate. It can be said to be a giant-style sadness with thrilling artistic power, and it is also caused by the sense of momentum at the beginning of long sentences. This kind of opening technique is often used by the author. He is like, "If you abandon me, you can't stay tomorrow;" Today has hurt my heart even more "("'s farewell school book in Xuancheng Xie Tiao Building "), Shen Deqian said:" This style is too white from the heart ",which shows that it is quite creative. This poem is a call for "I don't see you" (generally Yuefu poems are only used occasionally at the beginning or end of the article), which greatly enhances the emotional color of the poem. Poetry has the so-called big opening and closing, which can be described as big opening.
"If you are a husband of heaven and earth, everything goes against the journey.": Time flies, and a hundred generations pass by "("Preface to the Spring Banquet from the Garden of Peach and Plum "). Although sadness is unavoidable, pessimism is not close to Li Bai's nature. In his view, as long as "life is proud", there is no regret, and you should indulge in joy. The five or six sentences are a reversal, from "sadness" to "joy". From then on, until "the cup never stops", poetry gradually became wild. "When you reach your destiny, you can't worry about your leisure time, and you can climb the stairs with wine" ("Songs of the Liang Garden"), and you can't eat, drink and be merry without wine, which is the topic. However, the contents of the cup are not written directly in the sentence, but are expressed in the image language of "golden bottle" and "moon", which is not particularly vivid and makes drinking poetic; If you don't write directly, you should drink and revel. Instead of writing directly, you should use the double negation style of "don't make it" and "empty", with more emphasis. "oh, let a man of spirit venture where he pleases", this seems to be the idea of advocating carpe diem, but it is just a phenomenon. Has the poet ever been "proud"? "At the beginning of the phoenix, the purple mud was issued, and the emperor called it a royal banquet" ("Yu Hu Yin")-it seems to be proud; However, it was just an illusion, "feng would go homeward way, having no fish to eat, zhou did not think to bow to noblemen was meet"-it didn't seem to be proud, but there was disappointment and indignation. But are you depressed? No. Therefore, the poet affirmed his life and himself in an optimistic and competitive tone: "since heaven gave the talent, let it be employed!", which is a sentence that makes people applaud. "useful" and "necessary", how confident! It's like a declaration of human values, and this person-"I"-must be capitalized. Here, from the seemingly negative phenomenon, there is a kind of positive essential content that is deeply hidden and eager to use the world. It is "I will mount a long wind some day and break the heavy waves", why not drink and sing for such a future! Spending money is nothing-"spin a thousand pieces of silver, all of them come back!!" This is another amazing sentence of high self-confidence, which can drive money instead of being made by money, which really astounds all ordinary people. Poetry is like a man, thinking that the poet "travels to Weiyang in less than one year and scatters more than 3, yuan" ("History of Pei Chang in Shang 'an") is how heroic. Therefore, the lofty sentiments that are deeply embedded in the bones are by no means a poseur. With this style, the author describes a grand banquet, which is by no means "do you want one dish or two dishes?" Do you want a pot of wine, two pots? " But "cooking sheep and slaughtering cattle" from head to head, and never rest until you drink "3 cups". What a feast, what a magnificent poem!
At this point, the wild feelings tend to climax, and the melody of the poem is accelerated. The poet's giddiness and feverish drunkenness jumped from the paper, which suddenly made people feel as if they heard him loudly exhorting wine: "Thank you, Dan Qiusheng, you will enter the wine, and don't stop drinking!" The sudden addition of several short sentences not only changes the rhythm of poetry, but also forces Xiao to speak loudly. He is not only a bosom friend, but also a wine-drinking opponent. Not only does he "get carried away", but the poet even forgets that he is writing a poem, and the poems he writes seem to be reduced to life. He also wants to "let me sing you a song!, please listen to me". The following eight sentences are the songs in the poem. This idea is strange and strange, and it is purely a stroke of genius.
"bells, drums and jade" means a rich life (when a rich family is eating, the bells ring and the food is exquisite as jade), but the poet thinks it is not expensive enough and says "I hope I will never wake up after being drunk". At this point, poetry clearly turned from wild to angry. Here is not only a drunken rant, but also a drunken confession. With "I" as a natural and useful talent, I should have been in the position of prime minister and prospered, but "the way is broad like the blue sky, but no way out before my eye" ("it is hard to go"). It is out of indignation to say that wealth is "not expensive enough" The following words "sober men of olden days and sages are forgotten" are also angry words. The poet once lamented that "it's impossible to control Ge by himself", so the ancients were "lonely" and showed their own "loneliness". That's why I want to stay drunk. Here, the poet has poured his own block with the ancient wine glasses. When it comes to "only the drinker keeps his name", he cites "Chen Wang" Cao Zhi as the representative. And use his "Famous Capital" sentence of "Return to the banquet and have fun, and the wine fights for ten thousand". Since ancient times, drunkards have vividly remembered, why do they favor "Chen Wang"? This is inseparable from Li Bai's self-conceit. In his mind, Xie An and other senior figures set an example, and among these figures, "Chen Wang" is more associated with wine. This writing has style, which is consistent with the extremely confident tone mentioned above. Moreover, Cao Zhi, the "Chen Wang", was highly suspected in Pi and Rui Dynasties, and his ambition was difficult to show, which also aroused the poet's sympathy. The mention of "ancient sages" and the second mention of "Chen Wang" Cao Zhi are full of paper grievances. At first, this poem seems to involve only the feelings of life, but not the political color. In fact, the whole article is full of a deep and profound anxiety and self-belief. Poetry is so sad but not hurt, so sad but strong, that is, it is rooted in this.
I just showed a little deep concern, and I'm back to talking about wine, and it seems that my mood is higher. The following poems are wild again, and more and more crazy. "why say, my host, that your money is gone?" not only takes care of the sentence "A thousand dollars are spent", but also pretends to be ups and downs, which leads to the last rhetoric: even if a thousand dollars are spent, you should not hesitate to give precious treasures-"Five Flowers Horse" (a good horse with five patterns of fur) and "Thousand Gold Qius" in exchange for wine, so as to get drunk. The beauty of this ending lies not only in "Huer" and "Yu Er", but also in a big tone; Moreover, it has a kind of arbitrary mood that the author may not be aware of at the moment. You should know that the poet is just a guest who is invited to drink by his friends. At the moment, he is sitting on a high seat and bossing around, suggesting that he should be a horse, which makes people wonder who is the "master". Romantic color is extremely strong. Speak quickly, and you can't do this unless you are bold and intimate. Poetry is so wild at this point that it makes people sigh and sing songs, and they want to "dance with their hands and dance with their feet." Love is not over yet, and the poem has ended. Suddenly, another sentence, "I will sell my sorrow for ever", is related to the opening "sadness", and the meaning of "sorrow for ever" is even deeper. At the end of this "white clouds from the air, disappearing with the wind", it is obvious that the poet is surging and ups and downs. Looking at the whole article, it is really ups and downs, and it must be like a giant pen.
"Coming into Wine" is not long, but it is full of five tones and extraordinary weather. It is full of pen and ink, full of grief and indignation, and wild, and its language is extremely bold and calm. Poetry has the momentum and power to shake the ancient and modern times, which is certainly related to exaggeration. For example, the poems repeatedly use huge numbers ("Thousand Daughters", "Three Hundred Cups", "Fighting for Ten Thousand Drinks", "Thousand Golden Jubilees" and "Worrying for All Ages") to express heroic poetic feelings, and at the same time, it does not give people an empty and grandiose feeling. Its root lies in its rich and profound inner feelings, and the underlying wine words. In addition, the whole article is full of ups and downs, and the poetry is suddenly unfolding, from sadness to joy, to madness, to anger, to madness, and finally to "eternal sorrow", responding to the beginning of the article, such as the river flowing, with momentum and twists and turns, and it can carry the tripod. His songs include the pregnant writing of songs, and the ingenuity and the wonderful "no pen and ink", right? You can learn at the moment, but you can't arrive at it at the rate. The whole article is dominated by seven words, but it is "broken" by thirty or fifty words, which is extremely uneven and complicated; Poems are dominated by prose, but also punctuated by short antithetical phrases (such as "Cenfuzi, Danqiusheng" and "Five Flowers and Horses, Thousand Gold and Qiuqiu"), and the rhythm is changeable, unrestrained and not easy to flow. "Tang Poems" says that "those who read Li's poems are in the midst of greatness and gain their far-reaching deity, which is the face of the immortal", and this article is enough.
"If you are a husband of heaven and earth, everything goes against the journey.": Time flies, and a hundred generations pass by "("Preface to the Spring Banquet from the Garden of Peach and Plum "). Although sadness is unavoidable, pessimism is not close to Li Bai's nature. In his view, as long as "life is proud", there is no regret, and you should indulge in joy. The five or six sentences are a reversal, from "sadness" to "joy". From then on, until "the cup never stops", poetry gradually became wild. "When you reach your destiny, you can't worry about your leisure time, and you can climb the stairs with wine" ("Songs of the Liang Garden"), and you can't eat, drink and be merry without wine, which is the topic. However, the contents of the cup are not written directly in the sentence, but are expressed in the image language of "golden bottle" and "moon", which is not particularly vivid and makes drinking poetic; If you don't write directly, you should drink and revel. Instead of writing directly, you should use the double negation style of "don't make it" and "empty", with more emphasis. "oh, let a man of spirit venture where he pleases", this seems to be the idea of advocating carpe diem, but it is just a phenomenon. Has the poet ever been "proud"? "At the beginning of the phoenix, the purple mud was issued, and the emperor called it a royal banquet" ("Yu Hu Yin")-it seems to be proud; However, it was just an illusion, "feng would go homeward way, having no fish to eat, zhou did not think to bow to noblemen was meet"-it didn't seem to be proud, but there was disappointment and indignation. But are you depressed? No. Therefore, the poet affirmed his life and himself in an optimistic and competitive tone: "since heaven gave the talent, let it be employed!", which is a sentence that makes people applaud. "useful" and "necessary", how confident! It's like a declaration of human values, and this person-"I"-must be capitalized. Here, from the seemingly negative phenomenon, there is a kind of positive essential content that is deeply hidden and eager to use the world. It is "I will mount a long wind some day and break the heavy waves", why not drink and sing for such a future! Spending money is nothing-"spin a thousand pieces of silver, all of them come back!!" This is another amazing sentence of high self-confidence, which can drive money instead of being made by money, which really astounds all ordinary people. Poetry is like a man, thinking that the poet "travels to Weiyang in less than one year and scatters more than 3, yuan" ("History of Pei Chang in Shang 'an") is how heroic. Therefore, the lofty sentiments that are deeply embedded in the bones are by no means a poseur. With this style, the author describes a grand banquet, which is by no means "do you want one dish or two dishes?" Do you want a pot of wine, two pots? " But "cooking sheep and slaughtering cattle" from head to head, and never rest until you drink "3 cups". What a feast!