One of Wang Wei's most classic poems was once regarded as the representative work of the Seven Laws of the Tang Dynasty, and was selected into 300 Tang poems.

Text | Ding 12 | * * 1886, you read slowly for about 3 and a half minutes, Tang poetry and Song poetry, and the stars shine. There are not only romantic poet Li Bai and realistic poet Du Fu, but also Buddhist poet Wang Wei who is in the palace and has his heart in the countryside. Wang Wei, the same year as Li Bai (AD 70 1), was called "Moju". A famous landscape and pastoral poet in Tang Dynasty, together with Meng Haoran, was called "Wang Meng". Although he is in a temple, he belongs to Zen at heart and learns Buddhism and Taoism, so he is called Shi Fo. This official is right-handed, so the world calls him "Wang Youcheng". In his early years, Wang Wei entered the official career ambitiously. However, the suppression of officialdom, the change of political situation, Zhang Jiuling's dismissal from office and Li's coming to power, especially the outbreak of An Shi Rebellion. Later, Wang Wei began to live a semi-official and semi-secluded life. He built a villa in Wangchuan, Lantian, which belonged to Song, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. "After retiring from the DPRK, I burned incense and sat alone, taking meditation as my career", and my life was quite leisurely. We read Li Bai's poems, full of high morale and arrogance overflowing the screen. In Du Fu's poems, we can always feel sympathy for the plight of people's livelihood. In Wang Wei's poems, we basically hold an indifferent attitude towards reality, so we can't feel any realistic emotions. Reading Wang Wei's poems is like listening to a soothing music, with a calm mood and no ups and downs. Only the love of landscape and pastoral life. For example, people are idle and osmanthus flowers fall, and the night is quiet and empty. The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night. Today, we will read aloud in "Wangchuan's Other Business after Rain Clears Up", which was written by Wang Wei, who lives in seclusion in Wangchuan Village, Zhong Nanshan. This poem is the representative work of Wang Wei's pastoral poems, which was selected by Sun Zhu, a retired scholar from Hengtang in Qing Dynasty, into Three Hundred Tang Poems. "After a long rain in Suwangchuan," Tang Woods stored rain, and smoke, steamed quinoa and boiled millet came slowly. An egret flies over the quiet swamp, and mango birds sing in the trees in midsummer. I learned to watch the morning glory in the mountains calmly and eat sunflower seeds with dew under the pine branches. Why should I scare seagulls, even if I think about it, by giving the honorary position to any clown? . The whole poem depicts the beautiful and fresh scene of Zhong Nanshan after the long summer rain stopped with bright colors. The first four sentences describe the poet's seclusion. The poet combined his quiet life with the quiet and beautiful pastoral scenery of Wangchuan, creating an artistic conception of harmony between things and me. The first couplet describing Tian's life is what the poet saw on the mountain: it was the rainy season, the sky was wet and the air was moist, the smoke rose slowly over the quiet jungle, and the farmers at the foot of the mountain were cooking. The woman steamed quinoa and boiled millet, prepared food and took it to Dongmao-Dong Tian. These people went to work early in the morning. As far as the poet can see, he first wrote the fireworks in the empty forest. The word "night" not only vividly described the smoke in the kitchen on rainy days, but also revealed the poet's leisurely mood. Then, the farmers cooked early, paid money to go to the fields and had a picnic in the fields, showing a series of pictures of people's activities, which were orderly and full of life. The happy life of the farmer Fu Tian was desirable. Zhuan Xu is an eternal epigram, which describes the natural scenery and the poet's meditation: You see, the egrets take off in the vast and empty paddy fields, so quiet and chic; Listen, far and near, in the beautiful dense forest, orioles sing to each other, and their voices are so sweet. In the summer of Wangchuan, birds are singing, and the poet only chooses orioles, egrets, egrets flying and orioles tactfully with different shapes and habits. One is dynamic, the other is sound; "Desert" describes that paddy fields are widely distributed and have a broad field of vision; Yin Yin depicts a dense summer wood with a deep realm. These two scenes set off each other and cooperate with each other, making the rainy weather in Wangchuan Shan Ye interesting. Su Shi's so-called "painting in poetry" is a good example. Historically, Li Zhao in the Tang Dynasty sneered at Wang Wei's copying of Li because he saw the poem "Egrets fly to paddy fields and orioles fly to summer". Later, Hu Yinglin, a member of Amin Dynasty, tried his best to defend himself, saying, "When the Tang Dynasty flourished, it was better for the middle of the Tang Dynasty and safer for those who stole it beforehand." ? It should be that Li used Wang Wei's poems. "Li Jiayou and Mo Sha at the same time and later, it's hard to say who copied whose poem. However, as Ye Mengde, a poet in the Song Dynasty, thought, even if Wang Wei used Li's poems, the addition of two overlapping words would make the poems more exciting. Desert has a wide range of meanings, while shade has a profound meaning. Compared with rice fields and summer Woods, the picture is open and deep, full of sense of realm, which renders the tone and atmosphere of cloudy and confused rainy weather. Wang Wei did not copy Li Jiayou, but moved Li Jiayou. Criticize the voice of Tang poetry: "Egrets fly to paddy fields, Xia Shu orioles", if everyone can do it, poetry will triumph over everything. If the first two couplets are about farmers' carefree working life and picturesque natural scenery in the mountains, then the latter two couplets are to express the poet's joy of seclusion in the mountains. For Wang Wei, the phrase "Time goes by, but it gives me peace and freedom from all kinds of troubles". Being in this paradise-like Wangchuan Villa is really what he wants and makes him feel endless fun. Neck couplet, the poet lives alone in an empty mountain, lives in seclusion under a pine forest, learns that life is short by participating in hibiscus, and picks sunflower for Zhai Qingsu's food. This feeling, in the eyes of ordinary people, is too lonely and indifferent. The poet who has long been tired of the hustle and bustle of the world enjoys it. Compared with Vanity Fair in cheat people, which has been disturbing people, it is simply a paradise for the soul. At the end of the couplets, the poet borrowed two allusions, Zhuangzi's fable and Liezi Huangdi, and happily declared that he had done his best to get rid of vulgarity, meet his destiny, stand aloof from the world, and be no longer suspected, enough to avoid worldly troubles and indulge in the joy of the mountains. These two allusions, which are full of the color of Laozi and Zhuangzi, perfectly show the author's state of mind of being far away from the hubbub and nature. Some people once called Wang Wei's "Wang Chuan Bieye after a Long Rain" a masterpiece of the seven laws of the whole Tang Dynasty. There are different opinions about the Seven Laws of Tang Dynasty. Yan Yu's Cang Lang Shi Hua in the Southern Song Dynasty holds that Cui Hao's Yellow Crane Tower should be the first of the seven laws in the Tang Dynasty. Some people think that Du Fu's ascent to the top is the first of the seven laws in the Tang Dynasty. Whether this poem of Wang Wei can become a famous work in the Tang Dynasty is left for the time being. Judging from the superb artistic level and profound artistic insights, this poem is undoubtedly a classic in Tang poetry. * * * Write poems every day and pay attention to twelve readings.