Tuguhun was the northwest minority regime established by Murong Department of Xianbei nationality in Wei, Jin and Sixteen States. Tuguhun was originally named after Murong Xianbei in Liaodong (now Changhua and Tieling in Liaoning), and Khan participated in the return of ordinary parents and children, and moved to 1,700 households. In 283 AD, he died and his eldest son Mu Rongchui succeeded him. The two brothers are at odds and live on the grassland in Touma. Tuguhun was furious and led his troops westward to Yinshan Mountain in Inner Mongolia, and then from Yinshan Mountain to Bahan (now northwest of Linxia, Gansu Province), and based on this, he developed southward and westward, ruling the nationalities such as Di and Qiang in Gannan, northwest Sichuan and Qinghai. "Thousands of miles away, it became a powerful country." In 329 AD, Tuguhun's grandson Ye Ziyan began to establish political power, taking his grandfather Tuguhun's name as his surname, which is also the name of the country and the name of the tribe. In 405 AD, Shu Luo Gan, the seventh generation leader of Tuyuhun, had the ambition of "strengthening the beam and benefiting, dominating Xirong, observing the soldiers in Sanqin and far away from the emperor", and was officially called King Tuyuhun, and Tuyuhun went to its peak. Tuguhun was originally a nomadic people, famous for loving horses and being good at raising them. There is a law that says "whoever kills a horse and steals it dies". The "Qinghai Qi" cultivated by Tuyuhun people is handsome and good at walking sideways. It is said that a day can travel thousands of miles, and it is often given to the Central Plains Dynasty as the most precious gift by King Tuyuhun. In the Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu's poem, "A strong man dare not ride in Chang 'an, but he can catch the wind and turn to electricity to know the whole city". From 329 AD to 663 AD (the third year of Tang Longshuo), Tuguhun * * existed for more than 300 years, and it was one of the ethnic minority regimes with the longest existence and the closest contact with the Han nationality in China history. Now the Tu people in Qinghai are suspected to be descendants of Tuguhun.
In the history of Tuguhun, there have been many times when people read their surnames, the most famous of which is Shu Luogan's mother reading her surname. The Book of Jin records that Shu Luogan was "lonely at the age of nine, his mother Nian Shi was smart and beautiful, and Wu Gedi (Shu Luogan's uncle) married her and spoiled her, so she devoted herself to state affairs". Nian Shi is a famous queen in Tuguhun's history. After her husband died young, she passed it on to her younger brother Wu Gedi according to the custom of Tuguhun's "father and brother die, wife and stepmother and sister-in-law". Angkor Wat is a weak and incompetent person who indulges in debauchery all day and is indifferent to state affairs. As a result, the beautiful and capable Nian Shi mastered the affairs of state and gave orders to the outside world. In this regard, "Zi Tong Zhi Jian" commented: "Nian Shi is authoritarian in state affairs, courageous and wise, and the Chinese people are impressed." In the Five Dynasties, there were many leaders named Nian in Tuguhun tribe, who were recorded as Niangong Mountain, Niantan, Nian Fat Calendar, Nian Ugly Slave, Nian Xing Hu and Nian Jiu respectively. Nian Shi clan has a great influence on Tuguhun tribe. Professor Zhou Weizhou of Shaanxi Normal University thinks that Nian Shi is an ethnic group, and some people think that it is an ethnic group, which cannot be verified. Combined with the fact that the leader of Qiang nationality has been in power for a long time in Tuguhun regime, I think it is more likely that Nian Shi is a A Qiang nationality.
There is also a saying circulating on the Internet that I don't know where it came from: "Nian Shi, a branch of the Qiang nationality in northwest Sichuan, takes Nian Shi Town as its tribal name, and the people imitate the Han system, so it is called Nian Shi. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yi Nian was a part of Deyang County (now jiangyou city, Sichuan Province). It is a famous city in northwest Sichuan. It has been a land port and an important material distribution center in Sichuan since ancient times, and it is one of the four famous towns in Sichuan in history. During the Three Kingdoms period, it was renamed Jiangyou Garrison. In the second year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 505), Jiangyou County was established, and in the Western Wei Dynasty, it was renamed Jiangyou County. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Qiang people living in Yi Nian were annexed by Tuguhun, moved to Shanglong area and settled in Bahan (now Linxia, Gansu). Therefore, after reading Clan Man, I decided that Bahan was its source. In fact, the roots of the Qiang people in 2000 were in one thought. The hometown of Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, increased its hometown in Jiangyou (now including Zeng Township). " If it is true, Nianshi and Li Bai are fellow villagers even if they are not related by blood.
Besides, the famous allusion of "Missionary with Broken Arrows" refers to Shu Luogan's half-brother, Aunt: Aunt has twenty sons, Wei Dai and the eldest son. The jackal added, "Each of you will give an arrow and hit the ground." Then he ordered his mother's brother Mu Liyan to say, "Take an arrow and break it." Mu Liyan folded it. He said, "Take nineteen arrows and fold them." Delay cannot be folded. A dog said, "Do you know Cao Cao? A single person is easy to fold, but many people are hard to destroy. If you work hard, then society can be stable. " Say it over and die.