In June 2004, China Ancient Capital Society recognized Zhengzhou as the eighth ancient capital, so there were eight ancient capitals: Xi 'an, Luoyang, Nanjing, Beijing, Kaifeng, Hangzhou, Anyang, Zhengzhou, and Henan accounted for four.
2. Luoyang, the city with the longest capital in China history.
According to archaeological excavations and historical records, since the Xia, Shang, Eastern Zhou, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui (), Tang (
Wu Zhou in the Five Dynasties), Hou Liang, Later Tang Dynasty and Later Jin Dynasty * * * counted 12 dynasties, with 94 emperors, which lasted 1337 years and made Luoyang its capital.
3. 10 Kaifeng, the largest city in the world in the 20th century.
Kaifeng, as the capital of the Song Dynasty, was called Tokyo, with its capital 167. After the Ninth Emperor, its population reached 140- 1.7 million. At that time, the land and water transportation was convenient, the urban construction was grand, the industry and commerce were developed, and the economy and culture were prosperous. It was the political, economic, cultural and military center of this country and the largest city in the world at that time.
4. The earliest Buddhist temple in China-Baima Temple.
During the Qin and Western Han Dynasties, Tianzhu (ancient India) monks came to the Central Plains to lobby. Some people in the ruling group believed in Buddhism, but they had no base. When Emperor Han Ming of the Song Dynasty arrived, Ming Di sent officials to Tianzhu to pray for Buddha, because he dreamed of the Golden Man at night. In the 11th year of Yongping (68), he returned to Luoyang, Kyoto, and founded the first Buddhist temple in China-Baima Temple.
5. Yilong, China.
1987, "China Yilong" was discovered at Yangshao Cultural Site in Shui Bo, west of Puyang County, Henan Province. "China Yilong" is a funerary object in Yangshao period (the legendary period of China, represented by "Three Emperors and Five Emperors").
6. The earliest prison in China.
The earliest existing prison is Woori in tangyin county. Youli, located on a 5-meter-high platform 4 kilometers north of tangyin county, covers an area of 6,543,800 square meters. According to historical records, in the last years of Shang Dynasty, Xibo Hou Jichang (later Zhou Wenwang) managed the political affairs well, took progressive measures and gradually became stronger. Yin listened to Khan and suspected that Ji Chang had organized a rebellion, so he put Ji Chang in prison.
7. The earliest Great Wall in China
Dong, secretary-general of the Great Wall Society of China and a well-known Great Wall expert, recently wrote to the Henan Provincial Party Committee, the provincial government, and the Nanyang Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, calling Gushi Town in Nanyang the Chu Great Wall, which was initially identified as the earliest Great Wall in China.
8. The earliest national university in China.
Imperial academy is the highest institution of learning in ancient China to impart Confucian classics, which can be said to be an ancient "national university". Imperial College Site, the earliest "national university" in China, is located in Dongdajiao Village, Dianzhuang Township, yanshi city City, Henan Province.
9. The first Taoist temple in China
Taoism has a long history and is widely spread. Taoism originated from Taoism. Li Er (Lao Dan), the founder of Taoism School, was born in the ancient county of Chu State in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (now Luyi County) and is regarded as the originator of Taoism. By the eighth year of Yan Xi in the Eastern Han Dynasty (165), Taoists had built the ancestral temple of Laozi, Taiqing Palace, 5 kilometers east of Luyi County, Laozi's hometown, which was known as the first Taoist temple in China.
10, the highest suspended river in China.
The highest suspended river in China refers to the section of the Yellow River flowing through Kaifeng, which is located at Liuyuankou on the south bank of the Yellow River 10 km north of Kaifeng. The river here is 8 kilometers wide and the levee is about 15 meters high.
1 1, the earliest writing in China.
During the period of 1987, Oracle Bone Inscriptions was excavated by Henan Institute of Cultural Relics at the Peiligang Cultural Site on the east side of Jia Hu Village, 22km north of Wuxian County, which attracted academic attention and called it the earliest writing prototype in China.
12, the longest artificial Tianhe in China.
In Linzhou City, Henan Province, the mountain rocks are exposed and water resources are extremely scarce. 1960 1 month, after discussion in Henan and Shanxi provinces, it was decided to introduce Zhanghe river water from Shanxi into Linzhou city. After ten years' struggle, Tianhe Hongqi Canal, the longest person in China, was finally dug up at the waist of Taihang Mountain.
13, the oldest spring in China.
Baiquan is located at the foot of Sumen Mountain, 3 kilometers northwest of huixian city. It is named after many springs. As early as 3000 years ago, the Shang Dynasty dug Bai Quan. In the Book of Songs, Feng Wei said that "springs are also flowing together", which means a hundred springs.
14, the earliest painting in China.
The earliest painting that China can see should be called The Stork and the Stone Axe. 1978, the painted pottery jar of the urn burial coffin "Stork Fish and Stone Axe" was unearthed at Yangshao Cultural Site in Yancun, Linru County, Henan Province (now Ruzhou City).
15, founder of China Merchants.
Bai Gui, who was born in 463 BC and died in 385 BC, was a representative of ancient commerce in China. By observing the market situation and the change of annual harvest, he pursues the management method of "people abandon me and take me, and people take me". When the harvest is good, he buys grain and sells silk and paint. Cocoons are formed. Buy silk, cotton and grain.
16, the oldest wine in China.
Dukang wine: It is the oldest historical famous wine in China, named after its earliest birth in Du Kang, and has a history of thousands of years. History: Du Kang herded sheep in Kongsang River (now Du Kang Village, Ruyang County). "The leftover porridge was abandoned in the mulberry, and it smelled fragrant, but it had a strange smell. Du Kang is sweet, so it has the secret of brewing. " From then on, he began to make wine. Du Kang is called "Brewmaster" by Zhou Pingwang.
17, the largest examination room in China.
Refers to Henan Gongyuan (now in the courtyard of Henan University) located in the northeast corner of Kaifeng, seven dynasties. Formerly known as imperial academy in the later Zhou Dynasty, it was founded in the second year of Xiande (955). During the Song and Jin Dynasties, it was imperial academy. It is not only the highest institution of higher learning in the Three Dynasties, but also the place where the imperial examinations for scribes were held nationwide. Yuan Shizu was renamed as Henan Gongyuan in l6 (l279) of Yuan Dynasty, which became the place where Henan took the imperial examinations in Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.
18, China's first medical work.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing inherited the classic medical theories such as Neijing and Difficult Classic, combined with his long-term medical practice, further summarized the medical achievements of predecessors, and combined with his own clinical experience, wrote the first clinical medical monograph Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Miscellaneous Diseases in China.
19, the earliest astronomical work in China.
Shi Gan Xing Jing is the earliest astronomical work in the world. On the basis of long-term observation of astronomical phenomena, during the Warring States Period, the Chu people Gande (now Hubei) and Ren Wei Shen Shi (now Kaifeng, Henan) each wrote an astronomical work.
20. The largest waterfall in China.
According to experts from the Chinese Society of Landscape Architecture, Yuntaishan Waterfall in Xiuwu County, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province has a drop of more than 3 10 meters, which is the largest waterfall found in China at present.