We provide you with a detailed introduction of "Looking at the Kingdom of Chu" from the following aspects:
First, click here for the full text of "Zige to the King of Spirit" to see the details of "Zige to the King of Spirit"
Chu Zi was founded in Zhoulai, second only to Yingwei, and
made Danghou, Pan Zi, Sima Du, Tao Yinwu and Ling Yinxi coach his teachers. Chu Zi is second only to Ganxi, so
I think it will help. Rain and snow,
Wang Piguan, Qin Futao,
Cuibei, Leopard,
Whip out, servant analyzes father's obedience.
You Yin Zi Gexi, Wang Jianzhi.
Take off the crown quilt and whip.
I said to him, "In the past, my predecessors, Xiong Yi and Lu _, Wang Sunmou, Xie's father and Bird's father, were involved in Kang Wang, and all four countries had their share.
I had nothing alone. Today, I make people in Zhou,
I think it's my fault to ask for the tripod. What about Wang Qi and me?
"Right:" With the king!
In the past, Xiong Yi, my late king, was founded in Jingshan Mountain.
He spent a lot of time in the grass,
He trudged through the mountains to serve the son of heaven,
He was only a peach arc and a thorn arrow, and he served the king with * * *.
qi, uncle Wang also;
Jin and Lu, Wei, Wang's mother and brother.
Chu has nothing, but he has everything.
This week, I will serve the kings of the four countries, and I will do whatever I ask.
Do you love Ding? " The king said,
"In the past, my grandfather's uncle Kunwu used to be a residence.
nowadays, people in Zheng are greedy for their fields instead of me.
if I ask for it, what does it matter to me?
"Right:" With the king!
Zhou doesn't love Ding, but Zheng dares to love Tian?
"Wang said," In the past, governors were far away from me and were afraid of Jin.
Today, I am a big city, Chen, Cai and Tang, and I have received thousands of gifts.
I have no need to work with my son. Do princes fear me?
"Right:" Fear the king!
Being a member of the Four Kingdoms, he is full of fear.
With Chu, how dare he fear the king?
"Gong Yin Lu asked," The king ordered Gui to think that _ _,
dared to plead. " Wang entered it.
analyzing the father's name as Zige: "My son,
the hope of Chu! Now it's as loud as Wang Yan's words,
what about the country? " Zi Ge said,
"If you sharpen your beard, the king will come out, and
my blade will be cut." Wang Chu,
complex language. Zuo Shi leans towards each other.
Wang said, "It's a good history.
Zi is good at it. I can read Three Graves, Five Classics, Eight Sorts and Nine Hills.
Yes,
I've asked,
In the past, when King Mu wanted to have his own heart and travel around the world,
there would always be ruts. Sacrificing the public and seeking the father is a poem of "Praying for the Call",
in order to stop the king's heart, the king is lost in the palace.
I asked his poems without knowing them; If you ask a distant question,
how can you know it? " The king said,
"What can I do?" Yes:
"Yes. His Poem says:
' Pray for _ _ _, which is a sign of virtue.
think of me, Wang Du, the style is like jade,
the style is like gold. Form the strength of the people,
without the heart of drunkenness. " "Wang Yi in,
feed without food, sleepless,
a few days. Can't be self-defeating,
and difficult. Zhong Ni said:
"The ancients also had aspirations:' self-denial and self-respect,
benevolence.' Believe in goodness!
If King Chu Ling can do this, will he be humiliated in Ganxi?
note
rain and snow: it snows.
leather crown: leather hat.
Qin Futao: Feather clothes presented by the State of Qin.
Cuibei: A shawl decorated with jade feathers.
shoes.
servant analyzes father: Dr. Chu.
you yin: official name.
evening: an audience at night.
shed: put it down.
Xiong Yi: the ancestor of Chu.
Lu _: the ancestor of Qi, Wei, Jin and Lu.
Kang Wang: Zhou Kangwang, the third generation of Zhou Wang.
Four countries: Qi, Wei, Jin and Lu.
ding: Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties regarded it as the treasure of the country.
monarch: the same as "eccentric".
Jingshan: the birthplace of Chu people, now in the west of Nanzhang County, Hubei Province.
road: firewood.
blue wisp: tattered clothes. Bows made of mahogany and arrows made of spiny wood (Ziziphus jujuba).
***: same as "supply". Zhou Chengwang's mother is Jiang Taigong's daughter.
Kunwu: the distant ancestor of Chu, once lived in Xudi.
Xu: the sub-states that were enfeoffed at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty.
Chen and Cai: Zhou Wuwang was originally a vassal state, but later it was destroyed by Chu.
Butang: Place name, which has two cities, East and West.
fu: refers to personnel carriers.
the four countries: Chen, Cai, and Dong Xi don't share the same soup.
Third, Zuo Qiuming's other poems
The Debate on Cao Gui, Uncle Jian's Crying Teacher, The War of Candles Defeated the Qin Teacher, Zheng Boke's injustice in Yan/Many Lines will lead to his own death, and Zhou Zheng's pledge. Iv. translation
Chu Zi was founded in Zhangzhou, second only to Yingwei, and made Danghou, Pan Zi, Sima Du, Tao Yinwu and Ling Yinxi marshal Xu to fear Wu. Chu Zi is second only to Ganxi.
King Chu Ling came to Zhou for winter hunting, and was stationed at Yingwei. He sent Danghou, Pan Zi, Sima Du, Tao Yinwu and Ling Yin Xi to lead an army to surround Xu to intimidate Wu. The king of Chu was stationed in Ganxi as their backup.
rain and snow, Wang Piguan, Qin Futao, Cui Bei, leopard, whip out, servant analyzes father's obedience. Right Yin Zige Xi, Wang Jianzhi. He took off his crown quilt, gave up his whip, and said to him, "In the past, my predecessors, Xiong Yi and Lu _, Wang Sunmou, Xie's father and Bird's father, were in charge of Kang Wang, and all four countries had their share, but I had nothing. Today, I make people go to Zhou, asking Ding for points. Is Wang Qi with me? "
When it snows, the King of Chu wears a fur hat, Qin clothes, a shawl with kingfisher feathers and leopard shoes, and comes out with a whip. The servant analyzes the father and follows. Zi Ge went to see him in the evening. The king of Chu met him, took off his hat, cloak and whip, and talked with him. He said, "In the past, our late king Xiong Yi, Lu of Qi, Wang Sunmou of Wei, Xie's father of Jin and Bo Qin of Lu served Zhou Kangwang at the same time. All four countries had their own treasures, but China didn't. Now I'm sending someone to Zhou's room to ask Jiuding to be given to China as a treasure. Will Zhou Wang give it to me? "
yes, "with the king! Yesterday, my first king, Xiong Yi, was founded in Jingshan Mountain, where the road was blue and blue, and he was in a rough place, trekking through the mountains and forests, serving the emperor, only the peach arc and the thorn arrow, and serving the king with * * *. Qi, Wang Hao also; Jin and Lu, Wei, Wang Mudi also. Chu has no points, but he has everything. This week, I will serve the kings with the four countries, and I will do as I say. Do you love Ding? " The king said, "My grandfather's uncle Kunwu used to be a residence. Nowadays, Zheng people are greedy for their fields instead of me. If I ask for it, what is it to me? "
Yu Ge replied, "It will be given to the king! Once upon a time, Xiong Yi, our late king, lived in a remote place in Jingshan, where firewood and rags were worn, and he trudged through the mountains to serve the son of heaven. Only this bow made of mahogany and an arrow made of jujube were used to worship royal affairs. Qi is the uncle of Zhou Wang; Jin, Lu and Wei are the same mother brothers of Zhou Wang. Therefore, the State of Chu was not given jewels, but they all had them. Now that Zhou Shi and the above four countries are serving the king, they will be obedient and will not be stingy with Jiuding? " The king of Chu said, "In the past, our distant ancestor uncle Kunwu lived in the old land of Xu, but now Zheng people covet the benefits of the fields there and don't give them to us. If we ask them, will they give it to us? "
yes, "with the king! Zhou doesn't love Ding, but Zheng dares to love Tian? " The king said, "In the past, governors were far away from me and were afraid of Jin. Now I am a big city, Chen, Cai, and I don't care about it. I have a thousand gifts, and I have no work. Is the vassal afraid of me? " He said, "Fear of the king! It's the Four Kingdoms who are full of fear, and with Chu, dare not be afraid of the king? "
Zige replied, "It will be given to the king! Zhou Shi doesn't spare Jiuding. Why does Zheng dare to spare the fields? " The king of Chu said, "In the past, the princes thought that our country was remote and feared the state of Jin. Now, we are vigorously building four cities, namely Chen, Cai, Dong and Xi Butang, with a total of 1, chariots. Your participation in it is meritorious. Will the princes be afraid of us?" Zige replied, "I will be afraid of the king! These four cities alone are enough to make people fear, plus Chu, how dare you not fear the king! "
Gong Yin Lu asked, "The king ordered Gui to think that he was _ _, so he dared to plead." Wang entered it. An analysis of the father's call for Zige: "My son, the hope of Chu! Today, it is as loud as Wang Yan. What about the country? " Zi Ge said, "If you sharpen your strength, the king will come out, and my blade will be cut."
At this moment, Gong Yinlu asked for instructions: "The king ordered the handle of Guiyu decorative axe to be broken, so I take the liberty to ask the king for instructions." The king of Chu went in to inspect. The servant father said to Ge, "You are a prestigious person in Chu. Now you talk to the king like an echo. What will happen to the country?" Zige said, "I sharpen the blade of words and wait for the right time. When the king comes out, my blade will be cut down."
Wang Chu, complex language. Zuo Shi leans towards each other. The king said, "It's a good history, and my son is good at it. I can read Three Graves, Five Classics, Eight Sorts and Nine Hills. " He said to him, "I've tried to ask you questions. In the past, when King Mu wanted to indulge his mind and travel around the world, there would be ruts. Sacrificing the public and seeking the father to write the poem "Qi Zhao" to stop the king's heart, so the king won't be in the palace. I asked his poems without knowing them; If you ask a distant question, how can you know it? "
the king of Chu came out and went on talking. Zuo Shi walked quickly in front of him, and the king of Chu said, "This man is a good historian, so you should take good care of him. This person can read such ancient books as Three Graves, Five Classics, Eight Sorts and Nine Hills. " Zige replied, "I once asked him, in the past, Zhou Muwang wanted to travel all over the world as he pleased, so that all the world would have traces of his ruts. Sacrificing the public and seeking the father made a poem "Prayer" to stop Mu Wang's greed, so Mu Wang could die in _ Palace. I asked him about the poem but I didn't know it. How can he know if he asks about a long time ago? "
Wang said, "Can I do it?" Yes: "Yes. His "Poetry" says:' Pray for the _ _, and the style is Zhao Deyin. Think of me, Wang Du, as jade, as gold. Form the strength of the people, but not the heart of drunkenness. "
the king of Chu said, "can you?" Zige replied, "Yes. The poem said:' The music of Prayer is harmonious and shows the voice of virtue. Think of the bearing of our king, like jade, like gold. Save the strength of the people, without greed like drunkenness. "
Wang Yi came in, fed without food, and stayed awake for several days. Can't be self-defeating, as well as difficult.
the king of Chu bowed and went in. For several days, he refused to eat food, but he lay down and couldn't sleep. As a result, he was in trouble.
Zhong Ni said, "The ancients also had aspirations:' Self-denial and self-respect, and benevolence.' Believe in goodness! If King Chu Ling can do this, how can he be humiliated in Ganxi? "
Zi said," In ancient times, it was recorded that:' Restrain yourself and return to etiquette, which is benevolence.' That's very nice! If King Chu Ling can be like this, will he be humiliated in Ganxi?
V. Appreciation
King Chu Ling was a controversial monarch in the late Spring and Autumn Period, the grandson of Chu Zhuangwang, the second son of King Chu, and the younger brother of King Chu Kang. After the death of King Chu Kang, his youngest son ascended the throne as king. At that time, Ling Wang, who served as consul (Ling Yin), strangled the king himself and became king on his own. In the history of Chu, there has always been a tradition that the prince killed his brother to stand on his own feet: the king of Mu killed his father to stand on his own feet, and the king of Spirit killed his nephew to stand on his own feet, all of which were recognized by the ministers and secured the country; However, in the Spring and Autumn Annals, it is still unavoidable to be ridiculed as a rebel and a thief.
since the king of Chu, the hegemony of Chu has been declining day by day, and the state of Jin has an advantage, and the state of Wu has also become stronger. After the spirit king ascended the throne, he fought against Wu for many times, successively destroying two Chinese vassal states, Chen and Cai, and building two big cities to deter the Central Plains. Finally, he overwhelmed Jin in the alliance and became the overlord again. From this point of view, the spirit king can be described as the Lord of ZTE. However, his hegemony relied entirely on force and coercion, unlike Qi Huangong, Jin Wengong and Chu Zhuangwang, and most of the governors in the Central Plains were dissatisfied, and there were also a lot of unstable factors in Chu. Instead of adopting the means of appeasement to stabilize the political foundation, Lingwang once again sent troops to compete with Wu for Xu (now Xuzhou area), and the story of Zige vs Lingwang happened at this time.
King Ling led his troops to camp in Ganxi, not far from Xu State, and showed off his force in the name of hunting. Look at the clothes he is wearing: a hat made of fur (leather crown), a feather coat given by Qin (Qin Futao), a cloak made of kingfisher feathers (green quilt), shoes made of leopard skin (leopard), and a whip in his hand. The above costumes are extremely luxurious, with local specialties of Chu State and treasures presented by other governors, which fully shows the majesty of the king of Chu as the overlord. Ling Wang has always been famous for his exultation, and Zheng Guomin's courtiers once pointed out that this person is too vain to end well in the future. After returning from hunting, the minister Zi Ge came to see him, and the spirit king took off his hat, cloak and whip to show his respect for the minister.
who is this sub-leather? He is not a local minister of Chu, but a son of "political asylum" from Zheng Guolai. His original name is Zheng Dan, and Zige is his word. In the Spring and Autumn Period, there were frequent flows of talents from various countries, and there were many examples of "using Chu materials", and many talents from the Central Plains fled to Chu. Zi Ge, as a down-and-out son, can be the assistant of the consul (You Yin), which shows the eclecticism of appointing talents in Chu State. Lingwang's next conversation with Zige showed his full trust in Zige, a foreigner.
Lingwang asked Zige a long question, but the essence was simple: I want this, I want that, I want everything, I just want greed. King Ling first reviewed his ancestors' great contributions to the Zhou Dynasty (in fact, Chu was a small country less than a hundred miles in the Western Zhou Dynasty, far less great than that boasted by the King Ling), and then bitterly pointed out that Qi, Jin, Lu and Wei were all given ritual vessels by the Zhou Emperor, but Chu was not. If someone is sent to ask the Emperor of Zhou for a gift now, will the Emperor give it?
Zige replied, "I will definitely give it! Our ancestors of Chu were hardworking and brave, which is nothing to say, but at that time, we were not relatives of Zhou Tianzi, and the Emperor didn't take us seriously. Today is different. The Emperor of Zhou is afraid of us. Qi, Jin, Lu and Wei all serve us. Your Majesty sent someone to ask for a gift. How dare the Emperor not give it to us? "
This answer was very much to the soul king's taste, so he continued to ask: Xu this place (today's Xuchang) was originally the fief of the uncle of the ancestors of Chu (it was more than a thousand years ago, and Kui Ling Wang had the nerve to bring it out), but later the Zheng people occupied this land and did not return it to Chu. If Chu now sends someone to claim this land, will Zheng give it to us?
Zige replied, "I will definitely give it! Zhou Tianzi dared not give us a gift. How dare Zheng not give us land? "
After listening to these two answers, Ling Wang was elated, and his desire continued to expand. Then he asked: The original reason why Jin dominated the Central Plains was that Jin was close to the Central Plains, and our Chu was far from the Central Plains. Now that we have established four big cities in the Central Plains, namely, Chen, Cai and Dong Bu Tang, all of which can dispatch 1, personnel carriers, should the vassals be afraid of us?
Zige replied, "I'm sure I'll be afraid! The strength of these four cities is enough to deter the princes, not to mention the local strength of Chu. Who dares not be afraid of the king! "
At this point, the spirit king's self-confidence and desire have expanded to the extreme. Fortunately, the craftsman came in and asked him to watch the making of jade articles. Otherwise, it is hard to imagine what naive questions he would ask next.
There are many disrespectful places in the question above the spirit king. Zi Ge is a native of Zheng, who is the same surname of the Zhou Dynasty and a Chinese vassal. Ling Wang not only asked him about the cession of Zheng's land in a careless way, but also openly proposed to bully the King of Zhou and suppress the Chinese vassals, regardless of Zi Ge's actions.